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(The risk is "static discharge", or the remedy is "anti-static precautions". (I suppose the grouping could be "anti-(static discharge)", but that's improper hyphenation.))
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{{OLPC}}{{Translations}} __NOTOC__
This page describes the disassembly of the XO laptop.
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! <h2 style="margin:0; background-color:#ff0000; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #aaaaaa; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;" id="Safety">[[Disassembly safety]]</h2>
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<big><big><big>
IMPORTANT! Read This First!
</big></big></big>


Before you disassemble your [[Hardware|XO laptop]], there are some things you should know about staying safe around electricity and small parts. In brief:
''''Warning: this may break your system!''''


* '''Protect your eyes.''' Watch out for small pieces of plastic or metal. If you have glasses or safety goggles, wear them.
== Cautions ==
* Watch out for electric shock. '''Always unplug''' your XO and '''take out the battery''' before you disassemble.
* '''Be careful.''' Use a clear workspace so you can see what you are doing, and keep small parts in bowls so they don't fall off the table. Use common sense - if you find yourself yanking really hard on a part, it's probably not supposed to come off that way!
* Follow the [[Motherboard Handling Procedures]]


Read the [[Disassembly safety]] section for more information on how to stay safe. The laptop is [[Disassembly design|designed]] to be easy and safe to take apart, but caution is always a good idea.
'''Eye damage.''' There is a risk of damage to your eyes due to small pieces of metal or plastic releasing due to force stored during manufacturing or structural stress. Protect your eyes.
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<h2 style="margin:0; background-color:#6abe45; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #aaaaaa; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;" id="Tools">Disassembly tools</h2>
'''Static discharge.''' There is a risk of damage to the system if you touch electronic components. You will not necessarily feel the discharge for it to do damage. The damage is not necessarily immediate, the system can fail some months later. The damage can be cumulative.
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Here's what you'll need to take apart your [[Hardware|XO laptop]]:
'''Remove the main battery and the power cable before starting disassembly''' There is low risk of electric shock, since low voltages are used inside the system. There is a risk of accidental shorting with tools or screws. There will remain a clock battery on the main circuit board, powering a small number of circuits.


* A '''clean, flat surface''' to work on, with adequate light. Choose a workspace where wind will not blow dust inside the XO and where curious animals will not disrupt your work.
'''Be careful with the motherboard'''
* '''[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_F._Phillips Phillips head] #1 screwdriver''' [[Magnetizing your screwdriver]] will make it easier to work with screws.
Avoid dropping metal objects on the motherboard. The components used are small enough that dropping a screwdriver on the board may knock off vital components.
* A '''clean container''' (or several) to hold screws and other small parts. Bowls and cups work fine.
* ''Optional:'' A small flat blade screwdriver or '''flat piece of wood/plastic''' (coffee stirrer) for gently prying up the display and camera connectors. ''Do not twist tool, you will damage the cable. Gently rotate tool upwards instead.''
* ''Optional:'' anti-static mat or anti-static wrist strap. Connect these to an earth ground.


A [[Repair center kit|longer list]] is available.
== Tools ==


A [[Screws|guide to screws used in the XO]] is available.
*anti-static mat,
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*anti-static wrist strap,
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*philips head #1 screwdriver,
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<h2 style="margin:0; background-color:#6abe45; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #aaaaaa; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;" id="Top">[[Disassembly top]]</h2>
== Procedure ==
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You should go through the [[Disassembly top]] instructions if you need to access:
* The screen
* The game buttons
* The power button
* The microphone, camera, or speakers
* The motherboard
* The wireless card


Related disassembly instructions exist for:
=== Remove Power ===
* [[Disassembly_backlight|The backlight in the display]]
* [[Antenna_replacement|The "rabbit ear" wireless antennae]] ([[Disassembly_B4_wireless_antenna|B4 version]])
* [[Disassembly_XO_person|The colored "XO Person" on the back]]


[http://edu.laptop.org.au/help-videos OLPC Australia Help Videos]
*remove the power cable,
*remove any USB or audio cables,
*remove the main battery,


Disassemble '''XO-1.5''' instructions:<br>
=== Front ===
[[media:XO_Disasembly_(Top).pdf | XO 1.5 Disassembly Top (33-page PDF, 4.7MB)]]
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*set the brick (lid) at 90 degrees to the base, as if you are moving to e-book mode,
*close the antennae,
*rotate the brick 90 degrees to the left,
*examine the brick base,
*unscrew the two screws that are revealed (philips head #0),
*rotate the brick 180 degrees to the right,
*remove the other two screws revealed.
*open the antennae,
*apply upward finger force to the short green bumpers, and they should slide up and be removed,
*remove the plastic face plate over the LCD,


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=== Back ===
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<h2 style="margin:0; background-color:#6abe45; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #aaaaaa; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;" id="Bottom">[[Disassembly bottom]]</h2>
*remove four (4) screws holding down LCD panel,
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*carefully lift the bottom end of the LCD, leaving the top in place, to gain access to the two (2) screws underneath that hold on the back,
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*remove the four (4) screws that hold on the back, (two covered by the LCD, two not covered by the LCD),
You should go through the [[Disassembly bottom]] instructions if you need to access:
*if you are only changing the antennae, you can temporarily screw down the LCD with a couple of screws,
* The spare screws in the handle
*slide the back panel down a bit before it will pop off,
* The keyboard
* The touchpad
* The mouse buttons
* The battery
* The "latches" that hold in the "rabbit ear" wifi antennae
* The rubber feet


[http://edu.laptop.org.au/help-videos OLPC Australia Help Videos]
=== Top ===


Disassemble '''XO-1.5''' instructions:<br>
*the green top piece is held on by four (4) screws that are behind the back panel,
[[media:XO_Disassembly_(Bottom).pdf | XO 1.5 Disassembly Bottom (20-page PDF, 1.7MB)]]
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=== Antennae ===


*pull the antenna connector off the radio module, (in the absence of a proper extraction tool, a pair of pliers held lightly will do, but take care not to crush the connector),
*remove the two (2) screws holding down the antenna hinge structure, (on a B1 this structure is black plastic),
*remove the antenna and hinge structure from the system, threading the cable out through the access hole,
*remove the hinge structure and affix it to the replacement antenna, with identical orientation,
*thread the cable in through the access hole,
*screw down the hinge structure,
*push the antenna connector onto the radio module socket, (something with a flat end is useful here, the idea is to get the insertion force vertical, and leave no accidental sideways force ... it is very easy for the connector to role sideways).


Note: before re-assembly, the antennae may seem to deviate from alignment when in the stowed position. This will change once the bumpers are put back on. The tops of the antennae meet the green bumpers in a way that brings them closer to the case.


This is part of a larger [[Repair|Repair manual]]. For older versions of these instructions, see [[Disassembly/Archive]].
=== Keyboard and Touchpad ===

Note that you don't have to take apart any of the top (lid) half to get at the keyboard and touchpad. I'll assume in these instructions that the lid is whole.

==== Hinge cover ====

(You don't have to do this bit, but removing the hinge cover makes it a little easier to get the next part off.)
*Open the lid and swivel it 90 degrees, like you're starting to put it in ebook mode
*Remove the 2 screws on the top of the little piece between the hinge and the pivot
('''Tip''': Turn the screen 180 degrees between removing screws to help you avoid banging the LCD with the screwdriver.)
*Swivel the lid back and open it all the way
*Pull out the half of the hinge cover in the front
*Close the lid
*Remove the other half of the hinge cover

==== Top of handle ====

*Close the lid and flip the XO
*Remove the 5 screws in the battery compartment
*Flip it back over
*Lift the front of the white panel behind the hinge (Pick the XO up and push up on the sloping bit in the middle of the battery compartment if you can't get it started.)
*Remove the panel (The back has tabs that slide into the green part of the handle.)
*Remove the 4 screws that go into green plastic (The other 6 screws seem to be extras, in case you lose one.)
*Slide the top green bar up and off

==== Hinge ====

*Note the two cables coming out of the lid. One goes into a connector. This goes to the battery compartment. Unplug it.
*The other one goes to the keyboard and touchpad. (Its plug it further in, we'll get to it later.)
*Remove the 4 screws that hold the base of the hinge down.
'''Tip 1''': You can do this either with the lid open and swiveled, or closed. For opened, it helps to have a second person to steady it as you remove the last screw. For closed, I suggest opening it just a few degrees first or it'll be hard to get back together.

'''Tip 2''': Be careful! That cable is the only thing left holding the 2 halves together now.

==== Bottom ====

*Flip it
*Pop the top of the bottom panel out from where the green rails on the sides curve inward
*Slide the panel up and it should pop out (You might have to wiggle it it bit.)
*Lift the cloth-covered cable from the metal plate (It's stuck down with a strip of gummy restick glue.)
*Unplug the cable from the socket on the circuit board
*Remove 4 screws and slide off the green bar at the bottom
*Remove 2 screws from the rail on each side
*Flip it keyboard-side up
*The rails snap off, with 2 snaps along the edge (See picture below - one snap is around the top of the first row of keys, and the other is near the bottom of the row with Ctrl)
'''Tip''': It helps to slide a plastic wedge down between the rail and white plastic. I used the very rounded nail-clipper handle in the picture.

'''Note''' the little spring-loaded doohickies near the bottom. They'll stay put if you don't mess with them.

'''Also note''' the silver recatangular magnet tucked under the bottom screw-tab of the left rail. It'll fall out when you remove the rail. (This magnet is for the lid switch.)
*Flip it back over
*Gently pull out the two ribbon cables at the bottom of the circuit board. These connect to the touchpad/stylus area. (These have a bit of silver tape sticking off the back, holding them to the metal plate. Unstick it.)
*The other cable goes to the keyboard. You can leave it connected if you want. ('''Unlike the other connectors''', this one is (dis)connected by popping the black part up about 45 degrees to open the slot.)
*Lift the big metal plate. The wires from the touchpad go through slots in it.
*The keyboard is on the other side of the metal plate, and the touchpad is glued into its place.

==== Re-assembly tips ====

Basically just reverse the above. A few tips for if you run into trouble or forgot which screws go where:
*There are 4 kinds of screws involved in the lower half of the XO. See picture below.
**A - (whole bunch) Bronze-colored, use anywhere I don't say another kind goes...
**B - (4x) Medium length, silver color. For the base of the hinge.
**C - (2x) Longest, silver. Hinge cover.
**D - (4x) Shortest, silver. 2 of these hold the circuit board on, the other 2 go in the raised holes on either side of the board just above it. (Wherever [[Image:small-screw-icon.jpg]] points)
*If you lose a screw, use one of the 6 extras in do-nothing screwholes in the handle. There're 3 A's, 1 B, 1 like C but longer (which can also be cut to fit B and C holes), and 1 special wide-head screw.
*When putting the touchpad connectors back, use the thin clear tab to pull them into the connector.
*Note the two little plastic hooks that go through the metal plate, between the keyboard and touchpad. (Not snapping them into place makes the touchpad bulge a bit.)
*Getting the bottom plastic panel on is tough. It has a few L-shaped slide-hooks on the sides and tabs on the bottom. All of these must slide into place at the same time, while bending it slightly to get it past where the rails curve in at the top. Also note that there's a smaller green tab that goes through the middle tab. (Successful installation requires close examination.)

== References ==

*ticket 495
*Mitch Bradley on #olpc
* [[Manual/Insides]]

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[[Category:Hardware]]
[[Category:Hardware]]
[[Category:Repair]]
[[Category:Developers]]
[[Category:Community repair]]

Latest revision as of 23:44, 2 December 2012

  This page is monitored by the OLPC team.
  english | español HowTo [ID# 278025]  +/-  

Disassembly safety

IMPORTANT! Read This First!

Before you disassemble your XO laptop, there are some things you should know about staying safe around electricity and small parts. In brief:

  • Protect your eyes. Watch out for small pieces of plastic or metal. If you have glasses or safety goggles, wear them.
  • Watch out for electric shock. Always unplug your XO and take out the battery before you disassemble.
  • Be careful. Use a clear workspace so you can see what you are doing, and keep small parts in bowls so they don't fall off the table. Use common sense - if you find yourself yanking really hard on a part, it's probably not supposed to come off that way!
  • Follow the Motherboard Handling Procedures

Read the Disassembly safety section for more information on how to stay safe. The laptop is designed to be easy and safe to take apart, but caution is always a good idea.

Disassembly tools

Here's what you'll need to take apart your XO laptop:

  • A clean, flat surface to work on, with adequate light. Choose a workspace where wind will not blow dust inside the XO and where curious animals will not disrupt your work.
  • Phillips head #1 screwdriver Magnetizing your screwdriver will make it easier to work with screws.
  • A clean container (or several) to hold screws and other small parts. Bowls and cups work fine.
  • Optional: A small flat blade screwdriver or flat piece of wood/plastic (coffee stirrer) for gently prying up the display and camera connectors. Do not twist tool, you will damage the cable. Gently rotate tool upwards instead.
  • Optional: anti-static mat or anti-static wrist strap. Connect these to an earth ground.

A longer list is available.

A guide to screws used in the XO is available.

Disassembly top

You should go through the Disassembly top instructions if you need to access:

  • The screen
  • The game buttons
  • The power button
  • The microphone, camera, or speakers
  • The motherboard
  • The wireless card

Related disassembly instructions exist for:

OLPC Australia Help Videos

Disassemble XO-1.5 instructions:
XO 1.5 Disassembly Top (33-page PDF, 4.7MB)


Disassembly bottom

You should go through the Disassembly bottom instructions if you need to access:

  • The spare screws in the handle
  • The keyboard
  • The touchpad
  • The mouse buttons
  • The battery
  • The "latches" that hold in the "rabbit ear" wifi antennae
  • The rubber feet

OLPC Australia Help Videos

Disassemble XO-1.5 instructions:
XO 1.5 Disassembly Bottom (20-page PDF, 1.7MB)



This is part of a larger Repair manual. For older versions of these instructions, see Disassembly/Archive.

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