USB drive: Difference between revisions

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{{G1G1 Support FAQ}}
{{G1G1 Support FAQ}}


USB drives include USB flash drives (sometimes known as "memory sticks") and USB hard drives.
USB drives include [[wikipedia:USB flash drive|USB flash drive]]s (known as "memory sticks", "USB keys", "thumb drives" or "jump drives") and also larger USB hard drives.


The [http://en.flossmanuals.net/Sugar/TheJournal Sugar Manual] and [[File:activity-help.svg|30px|link=http://laptop.org/8.2.0/manual/]] has more information and graphics to help you.
The [http://en.flossmanuals.net/sugar/ch012_the-journal/ Sugar Manual] and [[File:activity-help.svg|30px|link=http://laptop.org/8.2.0/manual/]] has more information and graphics to help you.


== Using ==
== How to install and mount==


Insert the USB drive in one of three USB ports on the side of the [http://www.laptop.org/en/laptop/start/externalports.shtml display ] of the laptop. The SD card inserts into a slot under the display.
Insert the USB drive in one of three USB ports on the side of the [http://www.laptop.org/en/laptop/start/externalports.shtml display] of the laptop.


=== Viewing ===
== Accessing the USB drive ==


Go to the [[Journal Activity|Journal]], which you can access from the [http://www.laptop.org/laptop/start/homeview.shtml Home View]. Select the notebook icon just below the XO character to open the Journal.
Go to the [[Journal Activity|Journal]], which you can access from the [http://www.laptop.org/laptop/start/homeview.shtml Home View]. Select the notebook icon just below the XO character to open the Journal.
Line 16: Line 16:


[[Image:Journal-USB.gif]]
[[Image:Journal-USB.gif]]

Click on the USB icon to view the files on the USB drive. Click on the journal icon to return to the journal.


=== Copying a file from the Journal to the USB drive ===
=== Copying a file from the Journal to the USB drive ===
* click on the journal icon,
To copy a file from the Journal to the USB drive, move the cursor over the Journal item and drag it to the USB icon.
* move the cursor over the Journal item and drag it to the USB icon.


=== Copying a file from the USB drive to the Journal ===
=== Copying a file from the USB drive to the Journal ===
* click on the USB icon,
To copy a file from the USB drive to the XO, click on the USB icon itself (rather than the number or text above the word "Unmount"), then drag the item from the USB drive to the journal icon.
* move the cursor over the USB item and drag it to the journal icon.


=== Removing the USB drive ===
=== Removing the USB drive ===
⚫
To remove the USB drive, mouse over the USB icon itself and click on the word "Unmount". When the USB icon disappears, it is safe to remove the USB drive.


⚫
Right-click or move the mouse over the USB icon, wait for the menu, and click on "Unmount". Wait for the USB icon to disappear. Pull out the USB drive.
<span onmouseover="_tipon(this)" onmouseout="_tipoff()"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left">


== GNOME ==
=== USB drives and OpenFirmware ===
⚫
The XO's [[firmware]] can access a USB drive during boot, for example to upgrade system software or write a new image.


A window will appear when a USB drive is inserted. The window will show the contents of the USB drive. An eject icon within the window can be used to safely remove the drive.
⚫
Most USB drives should work.


== Shell ==
⚫
Some USB drives require features of a complete operating system, and may not work reliably with OpenFirmware. You can test compatibility with OpenFirmware by using the directory command at the [[Ok]] prompt:


⚫
The Journal automatically mounts the USB drive at ''/run/media/olpc'' based on the drive's disk label, for example <tt>/run/media/olpc/''KINGSTON''/</tt>.
⚫
ok dir u:\
⚫
You can use [[Linux software|Linux commands]] in the [[Terminal activity]] to access its files.
⚫
For example <tt>cp tmp/* /run/media/olpc/''My_drives_name''</tt>


== Compatibility ==
⚫
If this command shows the files on the USB drive, then the combination of OpenFirmware version and the USB drive is likely to work for upgrading system software or firmware. You should proceed with hope. If an error is displayed, then the possible causes are:


=== U3 ===
⚫
*unrecognised partition table, (such as GPT used by Mac OS X),
⚫
*unrecognised partition type, (such as HFS+ used by Mac OS X. Partition types known by OpenFirmware include ISO9660, FAT12, FAT16, FAT32, ext2, and ext3),
⚫
*there are multiple partitions and the first partition is not recognised, (your host operating system may freely access the second partition without knowing about the first partition, resulting in files being copied to the drive fine, but not being visible in OpenFirmware),
⚫
*the drive is a specialised device such as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U3 U3], which asserts that it is a hub with a CD-ROM and mass storage drive attached,
⚫
*OpenFirmware may need upgrading.


Some USB drives come with the U3 software pre-installed. U3 is software for a Windows PC, and it may prevent successful mounting of the drive on the XO laptop. Further, presence of the U3 software on a drive may cause the XO to incompletely mount the drive, in such a way that even if you can remove the U3 software, the remnants of the incomplete mount will still prevent a successful mount. Re-formatting the USB drive from a Windows computer may remove the U3 software and any remnants of an prior incomplete mount. Further details on disabling the CD-ROM emulation feature can be found on at [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U3 U3] (Wikipedia).
⚫
<!-- this information should go in all USB update files, it's also in [[olpc-update]] -->For a flash drive to be compatible with firmware, make sure it is formatted as FAT, FAT32, ext2, or ext3, and only contains one partition. Most ordinary USB flash drives are set up by factory as FAT or FAT32, except "U3" flash drives which won't work. Remove U3 with uninstall software from http://www.u3.com/uninstall


=== Open Firmware ===
Other USB Flash Drives *Confirmed* Incompatible with XO's as of Dec 20, 2008: * Kingston DataTraveler (1GB). This may have changed in later firmware versions.
⚫
The XO's [[firmware]] can access a USB drive during boot, for example to upgrade system software or write a new image.


⚫
Most USB drives should work.
These all-black USB flash drives were purchased by OLPC late Nov 2008, and none of them work when reflashing 656 to 767.


⚫
Some USB drives require features of a complete operating system, and may not work reliably with [[Open Firmware]]. You can test compatibility with Open Firmware by using the ''dir'' command at the [[Ok]] prompt:
[[Mitch Bradley]] says: The bug (<trac>5354</trac>) was fixed in firmware Q2D08 (and in all subsequent firmware versions), but unfortunately, the firmware that was included in build 656 (also known as "Ship.2" and [[Release notes/7.1.2|release 7.1.2]] is Q2D07. The best solution is to update to later firmware. [[Upgrading the XO]] to a newer release will install newer firmware, or see [[Upgrading firmware]] to only update the firmware. But note that the Kingston DataTraveler 1G device also has problems under Linux during the initramfs stage, see [http://dev.laptop.org/ticket/8088] .


⚫
ok dir u:\
== For advanced users ==


⚫
If this command shows the files on the USB drive, then the combination of (a) Open Firmware version, (b) the USB drive and (c) the filesystem on the drive, is likely to work for upgrading system software or firmware. You should proceed with hope. If an error is displayed by the ''dir'' command, then the possible causes are:
⚫
The Journal automatically mounts the USB drive's filesystem under '''/media''' based on the drive's disk label, for example <tt>/media/''KINGSTON''/</tt>
⚫
You can use [[Linux software|Linux commands]] such as <tt>df</tt> in the [[Terminal activity]] to access its files.
⚫
For example <tt>cp tmp/* /media/''My_drives_name''</tt>


⚫
*unrecognised partition table, (such as GPT used by Mac OS X),
⚫
[[How to Damage a FLASH Storage Device]] is a detailed page telling you how to degrade the performance and reliability of FLASH-based storage devices such as SD cards and USB flash drives. And by implication, how not to damage them.
⚫
*unrecognised partition type, (such as HFS+ used by Mac OS X. Partition types known by Open Firmware include ISO9660, FAT12, FAT16, FAT32, ext2, and ext3),
<!--
⚫
*there are multiple partitions and the first partition is not recognised, (your host operating system may freely access the second partition without knowing about the first partition, resulting in files being copied to the drive fine, but not being visible in Open Firmware),
=== Use it in liue of the XO's hard disk space ===
⚫
*the drive is a specialised device such as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U3 U3], which asserts that it is a hub with a CD-ROM and mass storage drive attached,
Start up the [[Terminal activity]],
⚫
*Open Firmware may need upgrading,
cd ..
*faulty USB drive,
*faulty laptop.


⚫
For a flash drive to be compatible with firmware, make sure it is formatted as FAT, FAT32, ext2, or ext3, and only contains one partition. Most ordinary USB flash drives are set up by factory as FAT or FAT32.
mv olpc olpc2-->

Several USB flash drives were found to be incompatible with older firmware versions. If you have a problem with a USB flash drive in Open Firmware, please make sure you try [[Upgrading firmware|upgrading firmware]].


== See also ==
== See also ==
⚫
* [[How to Damage a FLASH Storage Device]] is a detailed page telling you how to degrade the performance and reliability of FLASH-based storage devices such as SD cards and USB flash drives. And by implication, how not to damage them.
⚫
* [[Secure Digital card]] - the XO-1 also has a slot for an SD/SDHC memory card, which you can access from the Journal and Terminal in a similar manner. The XO-1.5 uses an internal microSD card.

⚫
* [[Secure Digital card]] - the XO also has a slot for an SD/SDHC memory card, which you can access from the Journal and Terminal in a similar manner. The XO-1.5 uses an internal microSD card.


* [[SD and USB FLASH Drive Performance]] discusses the performance of drives and how to measure them.
* [[SD and USB FLASH Drive Performance]] discusses the performance of drives and how to measure them.

Latest revision as of 04:01, 13 August 2013

This page is part of the XO Support FAQ.     Support Index | Print This Page
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USB drives include USB flash drives (known as "memory sticks", "USB keys", "thumb drives" or "jump drives") and also larger USB hard drives.

The Sugar Manual and Activity-help.svg has more information and graphics to help you.

Using

Insert the USB drive in one of three USB ports on the side of the display of the laptop.

Viewing

Go to the Journal, which you can access from the Home View. Select the notebook icon just below the XO character to open the Journal.

The USB icon Usbkey.png appears in the lower left corner of the display.

Journal-USB.gif

Click on the USB icon to view the files on the USB drive. Click on the journal icon to return to the journal.

Copying a file from the Journal to the USB drive

  • click on the journal icon,
  • move the cursor over the Journal item and drag it to the USB icon.

Copying a file from the USB drive to the Journal

  • click on the USB icon,
  • move the cursor over the USB item and drag it to the journal icon.

Removing the USB drive

Right-click or move the mouse over the USB icon, wait for the menu, and click on "Unmount". Wait for the USB icon to disappear. Pull out the USB drive.

GNOME

A window will appear when a USB drive is inserted. The window will show the contents of the USB drive. An eject icon within the window can be used to safely remove the drive.

Shell

The Journal automatically mounts the USB drive at /run/media/olpc based on the drive's disk label, for example /run/media/olpc/KINGSTON/. You can use Linux commands in the Terminal activity to access its files. For example cp tmp/* /run/media/olpc/My_drives_name

Compatibility

U3

Some USB drives come with the U3 software pre-installed. U3 is software for a Windows PC, and it may prevent successful mounting of the drive on the XO laptop. Further, presence of the U3 software on a drive may cause the XO to incompletely mount the drive, in such a way that even if you can remove the U3 software, the remnants of the incomplete mount will still prevent a successful mount. Re-formatting the USB drive from a Windows computer may remove the U3 software and any remnants of an prior incomplete mount. Further details on disabling the CD-ROM emulation feature can be found on at U3 (Wikipedia).

Open Firmware

The XO's firmware can access a USB drive during boot, for example to upgrade system software or write a new image.

Most USB drives should work.

Some USB drives require features of a complete operating system, and may not work reliably with Open Firmware. You can test compatibility with Open Firmware by using the dir command at the Ok prompt: 

ok dir u:\

If this command shows the files on the USB drive, then the combination of (a) Open Firmware version, (b) the USB drive and (c) the filesystem on the drive, is likely to work for upgrading system software or firmware. You should proceed with hope. If an error is displayed by the dir command, then the possible causes are:

  • unrecognised partition table, (such as GPT used by Mac OS X),
  • unrecognised partition type, (such as HFS+ used by Mac OS X. Partition types known by Open Firmware include ISO9660, FAT12, FAT16, FAT32, ext2, and ext3),
  • there are multiple partitions and the first partition is not recognised, (your host operating system may freely access the second partition without knowing about the first partition, resulting in files being copied to the drive fine, but not being visible in Open Firmware),
  • the drive is a specialised device such as U3, which asserts that it is a hub with a CD-ROM and mass storage drive attached,
  • Open Firmware may need upgrading,
  • faulty USB drive,
  • faulty laptop.

For a flash drive to be compatible with firmware, make sure it is formatted as FAT, FAT32, ext2, or ext3, and only contains one partition. Most ordinary USB flash drives are set up by factory as FAT or FAT32.

Several USB flash drives were found to be incompatible with older firmware versions. If you have a problem with a USB flash drive in Open Firmware, please make sure you try upgrading firmware.

See also

  • How to Damage a FLASH Storage Device is a detailed page telling you how to degrade the performance and reliability of FLASH-based storage devices such as SD cards and USB flash drives. And by implication, how not to damage them.
  • Secure Digital card - the XO also has a slot for an SD/SDHC memory card, which you can access from the Journal and Terminal in a similar manner. The XO-1.5 uses an internal microSD card.
Retrieved from "http://wiki.laptop.org/mediawiki/index.php?title=USB_drive&oldid=291387"