Yum: Difference between revisions

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{{stub}}
== Package Manager ==
== Package Manager ==
Yum is [[Wikipedia:Yellow_dog_Updater,_Modified|Yellowdog Updater, Modified]], a tool for managing Red Hat [[rpm]] [[Wikipedia:Software_package_(installation)|packages.]]
Yum is [[Wikipedia:Yellow_dog_Updater,_Modified|Yellowdog Updater, Modified]], a tool for managing Red Hat [[rpm]] [[Wikipedia:Software_package_(installation)|packages.]]
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sudo yum install ''package name''
sudo yum install ''package name''


''package name'' refers to the specific name of the software to be installed. For example, installing a common web server, the package name might be ''apache-1.3.9-4.i386.rpm''
''package name'' refers to the specific name of the software to be installed. For example, installing a common web server, the package name might be ''apache''


For more on yum, on the XO, enter
For more on yum, on the XO, enter
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Note: To save space, OLPC [[OS images]] are configured to not extract documentation from rpm packages to the file system.
Note: To save space, OLPC [[OS images]] are configured to not extract documentation from rpm packages to the file system.
If there is a specific package for which you might want this overturned, edit the file:
If there is a specific package for which you might want this overturned, edit the file:
/etc/rpm/macros.pilgrim
/etc/rpm/macros.imgcreate
and change the line:
and change the line:
%_excludedocs 1
%_excludedocs 1
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==Tips==
==Tips==


=== Memory Limitations ===
=== /var/tmp ===


On OLPC OS, /var/tmp is a temporary filesystem (tmpfs) with a limited size. This may restrict the use of yum, especially for operations such as whatprovides. The workarounds are either:
Yum is slow and memory-hungry on the XO-1. From [http://lists.laptop.org/pipermail/devel/2010-June/029099.html devel.lists.laptop.org], "if we disable by default
the fedora repositories, yum runs really quickly and does not download
too much metadata." A command to do this is:
yum --disablerepo fedora --disablerepo updates -y update


* remove /var/tmp from /etc/fstab and reboot; this reconfigures the system to use slower internal storage for temporary files, or;
On recent builds leading to release 10.1.2, there may not be enough memory at all. You can adapt to this by:
* increase the size of the tmpfs,
* adding [[swap]] space on SD card or USB,
mount -o remount -o size=128M /var/tmp
* unmounting some of the tmpfs filesystems (e.g. <tt>/var/cache/yum</tt>),
* stopping Sugar with the command <tt>stop prefdm</tt> in a terminal, or;
* stopping Sugar by switching to runlevel 1


=== Memory Limitations ===
Stopping Sugar using <tt>stop</tt> or switching runlevel will cause any network connection mediated by Sugar to be terminated, so you may need to manually establish a network connection using shell commands before attempting a yum command that requires network access.

=== Removing Dependencies ===

When you try to remove packages with yum, it doesn't remove the dependencies.
Here is a script that helps you to keep track of those dependencies by logging the outputs of yum.

#!/bin/bash
f=/home/olpc/yumlog/`date +%y-%m-%d`.txt
echo ========================== | tee -a $f
echo yum $* | tee -a $f
echo -------------------------- | tee -a $f
/usr/bin/yum-real $* | tee -a $f && exit 0
echo "??!!" | tee -a $f
echo -e \\n \\n \\n| tee -a $f


On the XO-1, yum is slow and may require more memory than is available, depending on the transaction. This can cause Yum to fail. Solutions are to use the [[OSBuilder]], add [[Swap]], or stop the display manager:
Rename /usr/bin/yum to /usr/bin/yum-real, save the script above as /usr/bin/yum and create a directory called /home/olpc/yumlog. Unfortunately "tee" is buffered so you can't see the download-bars and the yes-no-prompt.
service olpc-dm stop


==External References==
==External References==

Latest revision as of 03:41, 19 August 2014

Package Manager

Yum is Yellowdog Updater, Modified, a tool for managing Red Hat rpm packages.

To install a particular RPM on the XO, in a terminal enter 

sudo yum install package name

package name refers to the specific name of the software to be installed. For example, installing a common web server, the package name might be apache

For more on yum, on the XO, enter 

yum -h

On other Linux systems that have "man", enter 

man yum

or on many Linux system that use "yum" and "info", but only if you are familiar with "info" or "emacs", enter 

info yum

Documentation

Note: To save space, OLPC OS images are configured to not extract documentation from rpm packages to the file system. If there is a specific package for which you might want this overturned, edit the file: 

/etc/rpm/macros.imgcreate

and change the line: 

%_excludedocs 1

to: 

%_excludedocs 0

before installing it. Remember to switch it back after you are done.

Making persistent changes

By default, any packages you install with yum will be removed during the next update, since our update mechanism always aims to provide a clean system install.

If you want to install packages that will persist across updates, first obtain a developer key. Then, as root: 

# yum install yum-utils

Then, as the olpc user: 

$ mkdir -p /home/olpc/.custom/rpms
$ cd /home/olpc/.custom/rpms
$ sudo yumdownloader --resolve <pkgname>
$ sudo rpm -Uvh *.rpm

This will download the RPM files needed to install <pkgname> into the ~olpc/.custom/rpms directory. When you upgrade to a new build, on first boot the olpc-configure program will check your developer key and then install all the RPMs found in that directory.

This is handy in order to ensure (for example) that emacs is always installed on your builds.

If you use this feature a lot, you may find it more convenient to create subdirectories under ~olpc/.custom/rpms for each major program you install, so that you can more easily keep track of which rpms go which what program. The first boot installation will look through all of the subdirectories of ~olpc/.custom/rpms to find RPMs it should install.

(Note also that if you wish to make regular additions to the .custom/rpms directory that you'll probably want to put the yum-utils rpm itself into that directory, so that yumdownloader is always available.)

See <trac>6432</trac> for more discussion of this feature. This code was written for the 8.2 release and first appeared in joyride-2106. It is not present in 650 (7.1), 653 (7.1.1), 656 (7.1.2), 703 (8.1), 708 (8.1.1), 711 (8.1.2) or 714 (8.1.3).

Tips

/var/tmp

On OLPC OS, /var/tmp is a temporary filesystem (tmpfs) with a limited size. This may restrict the use of yum, especially for operations such as whatprovides. The workarounds are either:

  • remove /var/tmp from /etc/fstab and reboot; this reconfigures the system to use slower internal storage for temporary files, or;
  • increase the size of the tmpfs,
mount -o remount -o size=128M /var/tmp

Memory Limitations

On the XO-1, yum is slow and may require more memory than is available, depending on the transaction. This can cause Yum to fail. Solutions are to use the OSBuilder, add Swap, or stop the display manager: 

service olpc-dm stop

External References

Retrieved from "http://wiki.laptop.org/mediawiki/index.php?title=Yum&oldid=296533"