XO-3: Difference between revisions

From OLPC
Jump to navigation Jump to search
m (Protected "XO-3" ([edit=sysop] (indefinite) [move=sysop] (indefinite)))
 
(43 intermediate revisions by 10 users not shown)
Line 2: Line 2:
{{TOCright}}
{{TOCright}}


The XO-3 is a tablet by OLPC that was cancelled in late 2012.<ref>November 29, 2012 [http://www.networkworld.com/news/2012/112912-olpc-cancels-xo-3-tablet-downplays-264647.html OLPC cancels XO-3 tablet, downplays need for new hardware: Design aspects of the XO-3 could be used by other companies, Negroponte says] by Agam Shah, IDG News Service</ref> The next planned OLPC hardware release is the [[XO-4]] laptop, a successor to the [[XO-1.75]] and due in 2013.
OLPC has begun work on a low cost, low power, robust tablet for use by kids.


The actual dimensions are still in flux, but the display surface will be roughly 8" diagonal, with a 4:3 aspect ratio. The tablet electronics will be based around the Armada 610 ARM system-on-a-chip from Marvell, which is also used in the [[XO-1.75|XO-1.75 laptop]].
In 2010 and 2011, OLPC developed a low cost, low power, robust tablet for use by kids. Working prototypes were built in Jan. 2012 for demonstration, software development and hardware testing. The tablet was introduced at the Consumer Electronics Show (CES) in Las Vegas, and received considerable press coverage. The prototype has an 8" display with a 4:3 aspect ratio. The tablet electronics are based around the Armada 610 ARM system-on-a-chip from Marvell, which is also used in the [[XO-1.75|XO-1.75 laptop]].


We are hoping to have working prototypes available for software development and hardware testing and refinement by the beginning of 2012. At this time, it is hoped that production might begin in the latter half of 2012.

XO-3 tablets will ship with a [[Releases|software release]] based on Fedora 14 or later. Support for Android 4.0 is also intended. While both [http://sugarlabs.org Sugar] and [http://gnome.org GNOME] software intend to support tablet devices, another tablet-specific UI may be provided.
[[Image:XO-3_Photo10.jpg|800px]]
[[Image:XO-3_Photo10.jpg|800px]]


== Specifications ==
== Specifications ==


::''These specifications describe the prototype shown at CES and design goals not included in the prototype. Production units will likely be different''
::''The specs below are not authoritative, please refer to the PDF version of the spec (available soon).''


===Physical dimensions===
===Physical dimensions===
* Approximate dimensions: 194mm × 160mm × 13.3mm
* Dimensions: 194mm × 160mm × 13.3mm
* Approximate weight: 0.5 kg (~1 lbs);
* Weight: 0.6 kg (~1.2 lbs);


===Core electronics===
===Core electronics===
[[Image:XO-3_Photo30.png|thumb|right]]
XO-3 is designed around the [http://www.marvell.com/application-processors/armada-600/armada-610.jsp Armada 610] system on a chip.
XO-3 is designed around the [http://www.marvell.com/application-processors/armada-600/armada-610.jsp Armada 610] system on a chip.


Line 27: Line 25:
** ARMv7 architecture compatible;
** ARMv7 architecture compatible;
** 32 KB L1 I-cache, 32 KB L1 D-cache, 256KB L2 cache;
** 32 KB L1 I-cache, 32 KB L1 D-cache, 256KB L2 cache;
* The 610 includes hardware video encode/decode, a 3D graphics engine, display controller, USB, SDIO, and other system interface and management functions
* The 610 includes hardware video encode/decode, [http://www.vivantecorp.com/p_mvr.html Vivante GC1000 3D graphics engine], display controller, USB, SDIO, and other system interface and management functions
* DRAM memory: 512 MB or 1GB [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DDR3_SDRAM DDR3 dynamic RAM];
* DRAM memory: 512 MB or 1GB [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DDR3_SDRAM DDR3 dynamic RAM];
* Mass storage: 4 GiB to 16 GiB NAND flash in an [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MultiMediaCard#eMMC eMMC] device soldered to the motherboard.
* Mass storage: 4 GiB to 16 GiB NAND flash in an [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MultiMediaCard#eMMC eMMC] device soldered to the motherboard.
Line 40: Line 38:
===Display===
===Display===
{{main|Display}}
{{main|Display}}
[[Image:XO-3_Photo31.png|thumb|right]]
* [[Display |Liquid-crystal display]]: 8” 4:3 transmissive or dual-mode TFT display;
* [[Display |Liquid-crystal display]]: 8” 4:3 transmissive TFT display;
* Viewing area: 162 mm × 121.5 mm;
* Viewing area: 162 mm × 121.5 mm;
* 1024 x 768 resolution (RGB stripe pixel arrangement)
* 1024 x 768 resolution (RGB stripe pixel arrangement)
* A [[DCON|display-controller chip (DCON)]] will format data for the display.


===Integrated peripherals===
===Integrated peripherals===
Line 49: Line 47:
* Audio: Internal stereo speakers and amplifier; internal monophonic microphone; jacks for stereo external headphones and microphones.
* Audio: Internal stereo speakers and amplifier; internal monophonic microphone; jacks for stereo external headphones and microphones.
** Realtek ALC5631 audio codec (I2S)
** Realtek ALC5631 audio codec (I2S)
* [[Camera]]: integrated color video camera; 640 x 480 resolution at 30 FPS;
* [[Camera]] front facing: integrated color video camera; 640 x 480 resolution at 30 FPS;
** Independent (and undefeatable by software) display of microphone and camera recording status;
** Independent (and undefeatable by software) display of microphone and camera recording status;
** The camera and device driver support disabling AGC and automatic color balancing, to enable its use as a photometric sensor for educational applications;
** The camera and device driver support disabling AGC and automatic color balancing, to enable its use as a photometric sensor for educational applications;
** [http://www.ovt.com/products/part_detail.php?id=73 Omnivision OV7670]
** [http://www.ovt.com/products/part_detail.php?id=73 Omnivision OV7670]
* Optional Rear Facing Camera
* [[Wireless| Wireless Networking]]: Integrated 802.11b/g (2.4GHz) interface; dual antennas;
* [[Wireless| Wireless Networking]]: Integrated 802.11b/g (2.4GHz) interface; dual antennas;
** Marvell 88w8686 WLAN module, with SDIO interface, on removable module;
** Marvell 88w8686 WLAN module, with SDIO interface, on removable module;
Line 61: Line 60:


===External connectors===
===External connectors===
[[Image:XO-3_Photo33.png|400px|center|XO-3 Connectors]]
* DC power: 6mm (1.65mm center pin) connector; 5 to 24 V input usable, –32 to +40V input tolerated; power draw limited to 25 W; - see power connector dimensions at [[Battery and power#Mechanical|Battery and power]].
* DC power: Magnetically attached power supply connector; 5 to 24 V input usable, –32 to +40V input tolerated; power draw limited to 15W (still TBD).
** Maximum Power Point Tracking alters voltage/current for maximum battery-charging power from solar panels
** Maximum Power Point Tracking alters voltage/current for maximum battery-charging power from solar panels
* DC power alt: we are still looking at ways of connecting to the cover;
* Headphone output: standard 3.5mm 3-pin switched stereo audio jack;
* Headphone output: standard 3.5mm 3-pin switched stereo audio jack;
* Microphone input: standard 3.5mm 3-pin switched stereo microphone jack; selectable 2V DC bias; selectable sensor-input mode (DC or AC coupled);
* Microphone input: standard 3.5mm 3-pin switched stereo microphone jack; selectable 2V DC bias; selectable sensor-input mode (DC or AC coupled);
Line 73: Line 74:
* Integrated into the case; replaceable, but not removable on a regular basis;
* Integrated into the case; replaceable, but not removable on a regular basis;
* Minimum 2,000 charge/discharge cycles (to 50% capacity of new).
* Minimum 2,000 charge/discharge cycles (to 50% capacity of new).
** An optional external battery pack located beneath a 4-watt/m<sup>2</sup> Solar Panel that can also charge the internal battery.

See [[Laptop Batteries]] or more information.
See [[Laptop Batteries]] or more information.
[[Image:XO-3_Photo4.jpg|thumb|right|XO-3 Cover]]


===BIOS/loader===
===BIOS/loader===
Line 103: Line 105:


== Block Diagram ==
== Block Diagram ==
[[Image:XO_3_Block_Diagram.png|600px]]
[[Image:XO_3_Block_Diagram.png|700px|center]]


== Software ==
== Software ==
Line 122: Line 124:
''(list last reviewed for os13)''
''(list last reviewed for os13)''


[[Image:XO-3_Photo1|400px|center]]
[[Image:XO-3_Photo1.jpg|400px|center]]

==Notes==
<references />


== More Information ==
== More Information ==

* [http://www.networkworld.com/news/2012/112912-olpc-cancels-xo-3-tablet-downplays-264647.html Official news of cancellation], ''Nov. 29, 2012''


* [[XO_3_A1|XO-3 A1]] pre-production prototype
* [[XO_3_A1|XO-3 A1]] pre-production prototype
* [[XO_3_Battery|Battery discussion]]
* [[XO_3_Mass|Tablet mass]]
* [[Firmware#XO-3|Firmware]]
* [[Firmware#XO-3|Firmware]]
* [[Forth_Lesson_20#ARM_Startup|Open Firmware ARM Startup]]
* [[Forth_Lesson_20#ARM_Startup|Open Firmware ARM Startup]]
Line 132: Line 141:
===Past News Articles===
===Past News Articles===


* [http://www.golem.de/1201/88868.html Golem DE], ''Jan. 8, 2012''
* [http://www.engadget.com/2012/01/08/olpcs-xo-3-0-tablet-hands-on/ Engadget], ''Jan. 8, 2012''
* [http://www.engadget.com/2012/01/08/olpcs-xo-3-0-tablet-hands-on/ Engadget], ''Jan. 8, 2012''
* [http://www.theverge.com/2012/1/8/2691733/olpc-xo-3-0-tablet-pictures-video The Verge], ''Jan. 8, 2012''
* [http://www.theverge.com/2012/1/8/2691733/olpc-xo-3-0-tablet-pictures-video The Verge], ''Jan. 8, 2012''
Line 138: Line 148:
* [http://tinyurl.com/74vd7ec Wall Street Blog], ''Jan. 8, 2012''
* [http://tinyurl.com/74vd7ec Wall Street Blog], ''Jan. 8, 2012''
* [http://www.marvell.com/company/news/pressDetail.do?releaseID=1998 Marvell Press Release], ''Jan. 8, 2012''
* [http://www.marvell.com/company/news/pressDetail.do?releaseID=1998 Marvell Press Release], ''Jan. 8, 2012''
* [http://www.heise.de/newsticker/meldung/OLPC-zeigt-100-Dollar-Tablet-1405065.html Heise DE], ''Jan. 7, 2012"
* [http://www.pcworld.com/article/236008/olpc_plans_solar_charging_satellite_internet_for_xo3.html OLPC plans solar charging, satellite internet for XO-3], ''July 11 2011''
* [http://blog.laptop.org/2010/05/27/xo3-marvell-and-olpc/ XO-3, Marvell, and OLPC], ''May 27, 2010''
* [http://blog.laptop.org/2010/05/27/xo3-marvell-and-olpc/ XO-3, Marvell, and OLPC], ''May 27, 2010''


===Long Past News Articles===
===Long Past News Articles===
* [http://www.forbes.com/2009/12/22/tablet-computer-negroponte-technology-cio-network-olpc.html Forbes: The $75 Future Computer. Designer Yves Behar shares images and details from One Laptop Per Child's flashy PC plans. By Andy Greenberg, 12.22.09, 02:00 PM EST]
* [http://www.forbes.com/2009/12/22/tablet-computer-negroponte-technology-cio-network-olpc.html Forbes: The $75 Future Computer. Designer Yves Behar shares images and details from One Laptop Per Child's flashy PC plans], ''Dec. 22, 2009''
* [http://www.forbes.com/forbes/2010/0118/opinions-negroponte-touchscreen-tablet-ideas-opinions.html Forbes: The Prophet of Cheap. Teach the world to make a $75 computer and you'll feed it for a lifetime. Maybe. By Andy Greenberg, 12.31.09, 10:20 AM EST]
* [http://www.forbes.com/forbes/2010/0118/opinions-negroponte-touchscreen-tablet-ideas-opinions.html Forbes: The Prophet of Cheap. Teach the world to make a $75 computer and you'll feed it for a lifetime. Maybe.], ''Dec. 31, 2009''
* [http://www.pcworld.com/article/197324/olpcs_negroponte_says_xo3_prototype_tablet_coming_in_2010.html IDG News (on PCWorld): OLPC's Negroponte Says XO-3 Prototype Tablet Coming in 2010. By Nick Barber, May 27, 2010 2:20 pm]
* [http://www.pcworld.com/article/197324/olpcs_negroponte_says_xo3_prototype_tablet_coming_in_2010.html IDG News (on PCWorld): OLPC's Negroponte Says XO-3 Prototype Tablet Coming in 2010]], ''May 27, 2010''
* [http://www.forbes.com/2010/05/26/olpc-ipad-apple-technology-negroponte.html Forbes: One Laptop Per Child Revamps Tablet Plans. A sub-$100 computer may launch two years early, but will be missing key features. By Andy Greenberg, 05.27.10, 06:00 AM EDT]
* [http://www.forbes.com/2010/05/26/olpc-ipad-apple-technology-negroponte.html Forbes: One Laptop Per Child Revamps Tablet Plans. A sub-$100 computer may launch two years early, but will be missing key features.], ''May 27, 2010''

* [http://www.pcworld.com/article/236008/olpc_plans_solar_charging_satellite_internet_for_xo3.html OLPC plans solar charging, satellite internet for XO-3] IDG, July 11 2011
[[Image:XO-3_Photo32.png|400px|left]]


===Other Tablets===
===Other Tablets===


* [[Samsung Tab S3]]
* [[Vizio VTAB1008]]
* [[Vizio VTAB1008]]
* [[Huawei Ideos S7]]
* [[Huawei Ideos S7]]
* [[Bharat Tablet PC]]
* [[Bharat Tablet PC]]
* [[Aakash|Aakash Tablet]]

* [[Cube_K8|Cube K8]]
===Serial Adapter===
[[Image:Serial 3rd gen.jpg|thumb|Third generation serial adapter.]]

For firmware, operating system and kernel debugging a [[Serial_adapters|serial adapter]] is required. We are using our third generation serial adapter with the XO-3, which has 3.3V serial on the target side, and a USB B socket on the host side. Unfortunately, there is no serial port mounted or easily accessible in production units.


[[Category:Hardware]]
[[Category:Hardware]]

Latest revision as of 21:34, 3 October 2014

  This page is monitored by the OLPC team.

The XO-3 is a tablet by OLPC that was cancelled in late 2012.<ref>November 29, 2012 OLPC cancels XO-3 tablet, downplays need for new hardware: Design aspects of the XO-3 could be used by other companies, Negroponte says by Agam Shah, IDG News Service</ref> The next planned OLPC hardware release is the XO-4 laptop, a successor to the XO-1.75 and due in 2013.

In 2010 and 2011, OLPC developed a low cost, low power, robust tablet for use by kids. Working prototypes were built in Jan. 2012 for demonstration, software development and hardware testing. The tablet was introduced at the Consumer Electronics Show (CES) in Las Vegas, and received considerable press coverage. The prototype has an 8" display with a 4:3 aspect ratio. The tablet electronics are based around the Armada 610 ARM system-on-a-chip from Marvell, which is also used in the XO-1.75 laptop.

XO-3 Photo10.jpg

Specifications

These specifications describe the prototype shown at CES and design goals not included in the prototype. Production units will likely be different

Physical dimensions

  • Dimensions: 194mm × 160mm × 13.3mm
  • Weight: 0.6 kg (~1.2 lbs);

Core electronics

XO-3 Photo30.png

XO-3 is designed around the Armada 610 system on a chip.

  • CPU: Marvell Sheeva ARM (PJ4);
    • CPU clock speed: 800 MHz (superscalar and out-of-order instruction execution);
    • ARM instruction set compatible (including Thumb-2 and Wireless MMX2);
    • ARMv7 architecture compatible;
    • 32 KB L1 I-cache, 32 KB L1 D-cache, 256KB L2 cache;
  • The 610 includes hardware video encode/decode, Vivante GC1000 3D graphics engine, display controller, USB, SDIO, and other system interface and management functions
  • DRAM memory: 512 MB or 1GB DDR3 dynamic RAM;
  • Mass storage: 4 GiB to 16 GiB NAND flash in an eMMC device soldered to the motherboard.
    • an internal microSD card slot for repair/replacement -- requires soldering the microSD bracket;
    • No rotating media.

Unlike many tablets, we are still including an Embedded Controller to handle battery charging and power sequencing (subject to change):

Display

Main article: Display
XO-3 Photo31.png
  • Liquid-crystal display: 8” 4:3 transmissive TFT display;
  • Viewing area: 162 mm × 121.5 mm;
  • 1024 x 768 resolution (RGB stripe pixel arrangement)

Integrated peripherals

  • Touchscreen: Projected Capacitance Touchscreen capable of tracking five simultaneous touches
  • Audio: Internal stereo speakers and amplifier; internal monophonic microphone; jacks for stereo external headphones and microphones.
    • Realtek ALC5631 audio codec (I2S)
  • Camera front facing: integrated color video camera; 640 x 480 resolution at 30 FPS;
    • Independent (and undefeatable by software) display of microphone and camera recording status;
    • The camera and device driver support disabling AGC and automatic color balancing, to enable its use as a photometric sensor for educational applications;
    • Omnivision OV7670
  • Optional Rear Facing Camera
  • Wireless Networking: Integrated 802.11b/g (2.4GHz) interface; dual antennas;
    • Marvell 88w8686 WLAN module, with SDIO interface, on removable module;
    • Remains powered while the tablet suspends, waking the tablet if a packet addressed to it arrives.
    • Ad-hoc networking and 802.11s mesh support available
  • Accelerometer: ST LIS3 three axis accelerometer
  • Light Sensor: a reverse biased LED.

External connectors

XO-3 Connectors
  • DC power: Magnetically attached power supply connector; 5 to 24 V input usable, –32 to +40V input tolerated; power draw limited to 15W (still TBD).
    • Maximum Power Point Tracking alters voltage/current for maximum battery-charging power from solar panels
  • DC power alt: we are still looking at ways of connecting to the cover;
  • Headphone output: standard 3.5mm 3-pin switched stereo audio jack;
  • Microphone input: standard 3.5mm 3-pin switched stereo microphone jack; selectable 2V DC bias; selectable sensor-input mode (DC or AC coupled);
  • USB: One Type-A USB 2.0 connector; Up to 0.5A power supplied.
  • USB OTG: One Type-microAB USB 2.0 connector; Up to 0.5A power supplied, up to 1.8A power consumed.

Battery

  • Pack type: 2 cell LiFePO4, approx. 6V series configuration;
  • Capacity: hopefully around 20 Watt-hours;
  • Integrated into the case; replaceable, but not removable on a regular basis;
  • Minimum 2,000 charge/discharge cycles (to 50% capacity of new).
    • An optional external battery pack located beneath a 4-watt/m2 Solar Panel that can also charge the internal battery.

See Laptop Batteries or more information.

XO-3 Cover

BIOS/loader

On XO-3, there are two different firmwares installed:

  • A small bootloader written in Forth and interpreted by CForth runs on the security processor
  • Open Firmware runs on the main (PJ4) processor

The bootloader run by the CForth interpreter on the security processor is responsible for initializing the SoC pins and the main memory. It then loads Open Firmware into main memory and starts it executing on the main processor. This CForth bootloader then continues to execute on the security processor, processing input from the keyboard and touchpad.

Open Firmware (OFW) initializes the system peripherals, then loads the OS kernel into memory and starts executing it. OFW also includes hardware diagnostics.

  • A dedicated 1 MiB SPI-interface flash ROM contains both CForth (first 128KB) and OFW
  • Hardware support is provided to prevent reprogramming of the OFW flash ROM by malicious software

Environmental specifications

  • Temperature: 0 to 50 degrees Celsius (operating); -20 to 60 degrees Celsius (non-operating)
  • Humidity: UL certification planned to IP53 (perhaps higher). When closed, the unit should seal well enough that children walking to and from school need not fear rainstorms and dust
  • Maximum altitude: –15m to 5000m (14.7 to 7 PSIA) (operating), –15m to 12192m (14.7 to 4.4 PSIA) (non-operating)
  • Shock 125g, 2ms, half-sine (operating) 200g, 2ms, half-sine (non-operating)
  • Random vibration: 0.75g zero-to-peak, 10Hz to 500Hz, 0.25 oct/min sweep rate (operating); 1.5g zero-to-peak, 10Hz to 500Hz, 0.5 oct/min sweep rate (nonoperating)

Regulatory requirements

  • The usual US and EU EMI/EMC (electromagnetic-interference and electromagnetic-compatibility) requirements;
  • The tablet will meet IEC 60950-1, EN 60950-1, and CSA/UL 60950-1 (safety) specifications. It also complies with UL 1310 and UL 498. In order to guarantee the safety of children using the tablet, it passes ASTM F 963 (Standard Consumer Safety Specification on Toy Safety, 2003 edition);
  • The external power adapter complies with IEC, EN, and CSA/UL 60950-1;
  • The removable battery pack complies with IEC, EN, and CSA/UL 60950-1 and UL 2054;
  • RoHS (Restriction of Hazardous Substances Directive – EU) compliant.

Block Diagram

XO 3 Block Diagram.png

Software

There are four distinct pieces of software on the XO-3 tablet:

Software Restrictions

  • the Write activity hangs the tablet when it scrolls, <trac>11321</trac>, <trac>11399</trac>, <trac>11450</trac>,
  • suspend and resume are being worked on <trac>10835</trac> <trac>11194</trac> <trac>11142</trac>, are in build os13, but there are some problems, such as two attempts required to suspend <trac>11194</trac>, corruption of cursor <trac>11491</trac>, inability to use USB after resuming <trac>11369</trac>, loss of touchpad function <trac>11496</trac> <trac>11379</trac>, and slightly higher power consumption because DRAM driver terminators remain on,
  • audio support in the kernel is being worked on, is in build os13, but there are some problems, such as Record will not record audio,
  • graphics performance is not yet tuned, <trac>10830</trac>, and rotate is not yet done, <trac>11115</trac>,

(list last reviewed for os13)

XO-3 Photo1.jpg

Notes

<references />

More Information

Past News Articles

Long Past News Articles

XO-3 Photo32.png

Other Tablets