BTest-1 Release Notes: Difference between revisions

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[[Category:XO-1]]
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This page contains hardware release notes for an [[XO_B1|early prototype]] of the [[Hardware#XO_Laptop|XO-1 laptop]].
=Introductions and Expectations Setting=
There is a major difference between the OLPC system and a conventional laptop of
approximately five years ago; that is, our base system software is much more capable than it was then. The Linux environment now supports internationalization capability for scripts that were out of our reach then, and much higher quality rendering and, best of all, a much wider range of applications.


==The Meaning of BTest-1==
This has come somewhat at a cost, however: Moore's "Law" has allowed us to become sloppy, both in memory usage and CPU usage; this tends to force us to make some tough choices to keep the "footprint" of the software acceptable. The OLPC laptop have only 512 MB of storage (Flash), and probably the most serious limitation, 128 MB of RAM, and a single-core processor. Over the last year or so, the community has become much more sensitive to these issues, and work is well underway toward reigning in this "bloat" and performance work in general. Small is beautiful (and usually faster!).


This is the beta test of fully functional hardware. There is typically one or two builds of systems internally before an external beta test, so our [[XO_B1|BTest-1]] is really beta test for the electronics, while alpha test for the new screen, touch pad, industrial design, and keyboard; this is earlier in the development cycle than systems are usually made available, and is correspondingly rougher. The camera, SD slot and NAND flash are currently interfaced by an FPGA version of CaFE; the ASIC version is in [[XO_B2|BTest-2]] and has significantly higher performance for both SD and NAND flash.
Our base technology choices have been predicated on the ability of the software to achieve the best overall <i>worldwide</i> "user experience". This drove our choice of GTK+ and Pango (with Cairo as the graphical underpinnings), since Pango's abilities in complex scripts are currently most advanced of free software technologies. Other toolkits can be used: but they come at a cost in memory and flash footprint, and today, in the ability of software based on them to be localized to many of the scripts we face immediately, which include both Thai and Arabic. Including other toolkits as a standard part of our base system is therefore problematic, and experience on embedded systems show that including multiple toolkits would almost certainly cause the overall experience to suffer.


==Hardware Specification==
== The Meaning of BTest-1 ==


The [[XO_B1|BTest-1 laptops]] were built with an extra 128meg of RAM, to partially make up for well known memory problems in key applications, in particular the web browser, based on Firefox's Gecko technology. Work is well underway to reduce the browser's footprint; some of this work is visible in Firefox 2.0. BTest-2 will be built with 128 meg of RAM total.
This is the beta test of fully functional hardware. The camera, SD slot and NAND flash are currently interfaced by an FPGA version of CaFE; the ASIC version will be available by BTest-2.


Note that the BTest-1 systems use an Altera [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fpga FPGA] to implement that CaFE ASIC (which interfaces the camera, NAND flash and SD slot), which will not be available until the BTest-2 build. This has allowed us to test the design of CaFE and to build early systems more than 6 weeks sooner. Using an FPGA has several consequences: the FPGA consumes considerable power, and it is relatively slow. CaFE's NAND flash controller, while several times faster than on the Geode's controller on ATest boards, is still very slow relative to what it will be when implemented as an ASIC; similarly the SD controller is also slow relative to its eventual performance, both due the limitations on the speed of the FPGA, and since high speed mode for SD is just now being implemented in the device driver.
However, the software is <i>alpha test</i>.


Instructions for [[Programming the Altera FPGA]] are available.
Most of our effort to date has been consumed by basic device support as well as putting together the basic user interface framework for children, which has known performance problems. Major components are as yet not complete: power management and the wiki editing system to name two large components. Enough is now present to begin to sketch the outline of where we believe the children's software should go: enabling the construction of software in which children and teachers can easily collaborate is central to our vision. Children should not be passive receivers of "content" but creators as well.


If for some reason you get bad data in the SPI boot FLASH so the system won't run the firmware, you can [[SPI FLASH Recovery/XO-1|reload the SPI FLASH]] with a special cable.
We do not expect that the software is yet ready for trials with children: BTest-1 is aimed primarily at developers to become familiar with the hardware and to enable testing of both the hardware and software.


The [[hardware specification]] is elsewhere in the wiki.
== OLPC's Expectations of BTest-1 Users==


==Hardware Release Notes==
We expect that you should enter new hardware and software problems you encounter into our [http://dev.laptop.org/ bug tracking system], so that the problems can be tracked and resolved. While duplicate bug entries are inevitable, searching to see if the problem has already been reported will be very helpful to us. Problems cannot be fixed if we don't know what you encounter.


Our master list of hardware and mechanical issues and status can be found in [http://dev.laptop.org/query the trac system] we use. Please check this list before entering new issues: but please do enter issues you discover. The items below are the most significant from the list.
=Hardware=


;[http://dev.laptop.org/ticket/543 The battery charging algorithms have problems]: The old EC code shipped with some units had a bug which prevented startup with low battery and another bug which prevented charging with a low battery. Updating to EC Q2B61 should fix most battery charging problems and please report any further difficulties. Please read this bug report for more information.
==User's guide to the hardware==


;[http://dev.laptop.org/ticket/596 Inconsistent battery charge state indications]: The EC can't report proper charging or capacity information and is overly conservative on the amount of power remaining, as the hardware chosen for the battery pack to report capacity is incorrect; this should be fixed in the BTest-2 build.
Note you are seeing a system during test, well before when you would see a "normal" commercial product. This is to allow both hardware and software testing to start, since our system is significantly different than <i>conventional</i> laptops (e.g. the screen, power management, ruggedness), and will be used in very different environments. You will see "behind the curtain" (and be part of) the process that computer system manufacturers hide from you: the good, the bad, and the ugly process of hardware and software debug.


;[http://dev.laptop.org/ticket/473 Keyboard keys occasionally stop working, and sometimes the machine does not reboot.]: (ESD problem with the embedded controller.) One of the most irritating and noticeable problems is a static discharge problem that can lockup pins or entirely crash the embedded controller, causing some or all of the [http://dev.laptop.org/ticket/473 keyboard keys] or [http://dev.laptop.org/ticket/474 touch pad] to stop functioning. Power the machine off and on again to reset it (<i>Note: you may need to remove and re-insert the battery to reset the EC completely</i>). If your machine won't power on at all, remove the battery and make sure the machine is unplugged. <i>Wait up to 10 minutes. We're not kidding; the EC takes very little power, and it can take a long time before everything has reset.</i> Then replace the battery and plug it into the wall.
===Pictures/features===
===Hardware Specification===

The BTest-1 systems were built with an extra 128meg of RAM, to partially make up for well known memory problems in key applications, in particular the web browser, based on Firefox's Gecko technology. Work is well underway to reduce the browser's footprint; some of this work is visible in Firefox 2.0. BTest-2 will be built with 128 meg of RAM total.

Note that the BTest-1 systems use an Altera [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fpga FPGA] to implement that CaFE ASIC (which interfaces the camera, NAND flash and SD slot), which will not be available until the BTest-2 build. This has allowed us to test the design of CaFE and to build early systems more than 6 weeks sooner. Using an FPGA has several consequences: the FPGA consumes considerable power, and it is relatively slow. CaFE's NAND flash controller, while several times faster than on the Geode's controller on ATest boards, is still very slow relative to what it will be when implemented as an ASIC; similarly the SD controller is also slow relative to its eventual performance, both due the limitations on the speed of the FPGA, and since high speed mode for SD is just now being implemented in the device driver.

The [[hardware specification]] is elsewhere in the wiki.

===Hardware Release Notes===

Our master list of hardware and mechanical issues and status can be found in [http://dev.laptop.org/query?status=assigned&owner=mfoster the trac system] we use. Please check this list before entering new issues: but please do enter issues you discover. The items below are the most significant from the list.

;[http://dev.laptop.org/ticket/473 Keyboard stops working or machine won't power on]: (ESD problem with the embedded controller) One of the most irritating and noticeable problems is a static discharge problem that can lockup pins or entirely crash the embedded controller, causing some or all of the [http://dev.laptop.org/ticket/473 keyboard keys] or [http://dev.laptop.org/ticket/474 touchpad] to stop functioning. Power the machine off and on again to reset it (<i>Note: you may need to remove and re-insert the battery to reset the EC completely</i>). If your machine won't power on at all, remove the battery and make sure the machine is unplugged. <i>Wait 10 minutes. We're not kidding.</i> Then replace the battery and plug it into the wall.


;[http://dev.laptop.org/ticket/475 The resistive sensor does not work]: (for use with a stylus for writing), due to a design flaw: The stylus pad area was disabled and should be fixed in BTest-2 machines
;[http://dev.laptop.org/ticket/475 The resistive sensor does not work]: (for use with a stylus for writing), due to a design flaw: The stylus pad area was disabled and should be fixed in BTest-2 machines


;[http://dev.laptop.org/ticket/358 The arrow keys ("game keys") cannot be distinguished from the arrow keys on the keyboard]:This will be fixed on BTest-2 system.
;[http://dev.laptop.org/ticket/358 The arrow keys ("game keys") cannot be distinguished from the arrow keys on the keyboard]: This will be fixed on BTest-2 system.


;[http://dev.laptop.org/ticket/476 Manufacturing data values are in the wrong order]:This will be fixed the first time we update the BIOS SPI ROM.
;[http://dev.laptop.org/ticket/476 Manufacturing data values are in the wrong order]: This is fixed the first time we update the BIOS SPI ROM, which should occur when you update the machine to current software on arrival.


;[http://dev.laptop.org/ticket/508 Power management is as yet unimplemented]: Therefore you cannot suspend and resume the machine (yet).
;[http://dev.laptop.org/ticket/508 Power management is as yet unimplemented]: Therefore you cannot suspend and resume the machine (yet).


;[http://dev.laptop.org/ticket/541 The internal microphone]: does not work well as it is too near a speaker. It will be moved in BTest-3
;The battery charging algorithms have problems: These will be fixed as part of BIOS updates, which include the code for the ENE embedded controller used to control battery charging.


;[http://dev.laptop.org/ticket/495 The screen is covered by a plastic film by mistake]: With care, it can be removed.
;[http://dev.laptop.org/ticket/495 The screen is covered by a plastic film by mistake]: With care, it can be removed. '''Not every machine has this film and it is probably not worth the risk of damaging your machine to remove it if it is not really there to begin with.'''


===Design Release Notes===
==Design Release Notes==


The BTest-1 systems do not have textured plastic: this is intended for future builds.
The BTest-1 systems do not have textured plastic: this will happen in future builds.


;[http://dev.laptop.org/query?status=new&status=assigned&status=reopened&group=component&component=design&order=priority Other design issues are also under investigation]: Note that design is always an over constrained problem: it is often not possible to get every thing you would like in a design, though you can usually get most or all of what you value most.
;[http://dev.laptop.org/query?status=new&status=assigned&status=reopened&group=component&component=design&order=priority Other design issues are also under investigation]: Note that design is always an over constrained problem: it is often not possible to get every thing you would like in a design, though you can usually get most or all of what you value most.

=Software=

These are very early days for the OLPC software (<i>alpha test</i>).

==Installation==

=== How to upgrade BIOS firmware ===

'''Warning! Warning!'''

The current BTest units should '''NOT''' have their firmware upgraded by the previous methods. The Linux 'olpcflash' tool and the OpenFirmware 'flash' command will '''erase''' the manufacturing data that was written by the factory. The tools are currently in progress of being updated so that they will preserve the manufacturing data across a firmware upgrade.

How to install/upgrade OLPC Fedora
How to upgrade Marvell firmware

=== Device Driver Notes ===

;[http://dev.laptop.org/ticket/42 The sensor input mode of the audio hardware is not supported in the audio driver of build 185]: The code for this awaits merging shortly.

;[http://dev.laptop.org/ticket/397 SD high speed mode is not yet supported in the driver in Build 185]: High speed cards themselves work fine, but will not get above 8MB/second transfer rate.

;[http://dev.laptop.org/ticket/508 Suspend/Resume not yet implemented]: This is up next on our agenda.

;[http://dev.laptop.org/ticket/258 Functional Wireless Driver]: The driver is functional, though still somewhet buggy, and it is still undergoing major work, and the Marvell's boot2 code has yet to be deployed.

;[http://dev.laptop.org/ticket/511 LED illumination driver needs writing]: We'd like this for BTest-2, if we can.

;[http://dev.laptop.org/ticket/224 Want interrupt on power/battery status change]: We have the embedded controller code for this, along with the lid-switch, and the ebook mode, but it isn't yet hooked up to the Linux framework, nor integrated into the UI.

=== X Window System ===

The X Window System does not yet support the RandR extension, (rotation of the screen).

If a console application manages to somehow [http://dev.laptop.org/ticket/367 modify the colormap], the system won't recover without rebooting the machine.

We are not happy with the behavior of the touchpad: how much of this is hardware and how much software remains to be determined. The writing (stylus) mode of the touchpad has been disabled in the BTest-1 units, as the hardware does not work properly and is being redesigned.

Much performance optimization work is possible, and awaits our time or volunteers to work on.

The X Window System Xvideo extension is supported in the X server; note that a slightly different colormap is loaded while video is playing to improve video quality; other colors in use may become slightly strange during this period.

;[http://dev.laptop.org/ticket/418 The keymaps for our initial set of keyboards are only installed when Build 185 is installed]: There are known issues with the keyboard descriptions.

==User Interface==

===Sugar===

The "Sugar" user interface environment for children is in place. The [[OLPC Human Interface Guidelines]] should be observed when building or repackaging applications. Conventional human interface guidelines have been designed for first world office workers, and are totally unsuitable for children who are just learning to read in any part of the world. As young children are the many/most of the intended audience of our system, their needs are being met first.

Conversion of applications to function under Sugar is very straightforward and most applications can work with little change.

====intent and goals====
The core ideas: Activities, Not Applications; Presence is Always Present; Tools of Expression; and Journaling are detailed [[OLPC Human Interface Guidelines#Core Ideas|here]].

====Navigation====
Navigation, including the [[OLPC Human Interface Guidelines#Zoom Metaphor|Zoom Metaphor]] and [[OLPC Human Interface Guidelines#The Frame|The Frame]], is detailed [[OLPC Human Interface Guidelines#The Laptop Experience|here]].

====Release Notes====

The Sugar activity launch has performance problems we are actively investigating. There are [http://dev.laptop.org/query?status=new&status=assigned&status=reopened&component=sugar&order=priority many user interface issues] we intend to fix. Among the most notable issues are:

;[http://dev.laptop.org/ticket/403 Sugar seems to lock up with the frame out]: Pressing F5 allows the Sugar to unhang, and you can then launch applications again.
;[http://dev.laptop.org/ticket/383 Sugar needs a UI for controlling audio]: This needs to be written.
;[http://dev.laptop.org/ticket/427 Sugar presumes applications exit]: Usually, you can find some other way to cause an application to exit.
;Launching activities are slow:This is under investigation.
;The timing of many of the user interactions, such as hover and the coming and going of the Frame are in need of fine-tuning.

====Programming Sugar====
Sugar Activity Bundles are explained in detail [[Activity Bundles|here]].

Sugar interfaces
goocanvas
GTK+
Cairo
Pango/ATK

==Activities==
===Web Browsing===
Browser based on Xulrunner (Gecko engine used in Firefox).

No tabs

Does not ship with: Java or Flash

User experience has problems with pop windows, font size, Frame interfering with scrolling

===Chat===

Jabber-based client works (not pretty - but functional)

===EToys===
The [http://www.squeakland.org/ EToys] learning environment has been integrated into the Sugar environment, and you are encouraged both to visit the Squeakland site. [[Sugar EToys]] has information specific to EToys in our Sugar environment.
===TamTam===

The current TamTam is the first echo of a much more open-ended, collaborative, multiuser, music activity.

;[http://dev.laptop.org/ticket/400 TamTam doesn't seem to load all instruments initially]: Restarting TamTam solves the problem.

;The microphone ought to be controlled by TamTam itself: You can use alsamixer in the meanwhile.

===xbook===

PDF viewer through the browser.

===AbiWord===

As a place-holder, a simplified version of AbiWord is provided, and efficient, light weight text editor. Some version of AbiWord will be included long term, at a minimum as a viewer, as AbiWord has the ability to read Microsoft .doc content well and there is a significant amount of web content in this form.

===Terminal===

The terminal (activity) does not appear on the Frame, but can be launched by typing Alt-Shift-F11. (F11 is found in the 3rd position from the left in the Volume Slider key).

==Temporary placeholders and Missing Pieces==

There is no user interface for controlling the audio input/output. The workaround right now is to use "alsamixer" in a terminal window.

Our plans include a web server and wiki system and journal, with a simple what you see is what you get editor. These did not make BTest-1.

===Video/Camera Player===

The controls (brightness, hue, saturation) are not hooked up in the device driver or video player applcation in BTest-1 (build 185). The driver adding these controls to Alsa (the Advanced Linux Sound Architecture) will be merged in a build soon.

The camera is exhibiting [http://dev.laptop.org/ticket/499 more noise than expected] in assembled units; whether this is hardware or software is to be determined.

We have used mplayer on the machine, but as it pulls in many dependencies, we put together a simple gstreamer based application for demonstration of the camera and video playing. Others have reported successful playback of videos and DVD's on the system.

The BTest-1 system does not have a LED to indicate if the camera or microphone is enabled. Such a LED will be present on a later system.

A camera application is under development.

==Base system==
===OLPC Platform===
Inventory of "permanent" packages
Inventory of "debug" packages
Inventory of "optional" packages (?)
===Development environment===
Languages - Logo, javascript, python
Libraries
Where to find source
Internationalization/Localization
==Other Multimedia Software==

Other software that has been tested on the OLPC systems includes
[http://www.flash.com Adobe Flash], and Real's RealPlayer® and Helix player.

==How to Contribute==
===dev.laptop.org===
git
general hosting offer
olpc-2.6 repository
fedora kernel image
trac
wiki
mailing lists
who is who
===Pointers to Key Technology Organizations===

OLPC depends on key technologies and projects, including:

* [http://www.gnome.org Gnome]
* [http://www.gtk.org GTK+ toolkit, Pango Text Layout Library]
* [http://www.cairographics.org Cairo Graphics Library]
* [http://www.x.org X Window System]
* [http://www.kernel.org Linux Kernel]
* [http://www.mozilla.org Gecko Rendering Engine of the Mozilla Foundation]
* [http://www.abiword.org/ AbiWord word processor]
* [http://squeakland.org/ eToys]

===content===
public
contacts at OLPC

=Contacts=

==Mail==
[http://mailman.laptop.org/mailman/listinfo The OLPC mailing lists] cover a variety of topics.

General questions can go to info at laptop dot org

Snail mail please sent to:
One Laptop per Child
P.O. Box 425087
Cambridge, MA 02142
USA

==IRC Chat==

We primarily use IRC instant messaging, and can be found on irc.freenode.net, #OLPC and #sugar channels.

Latest revision as of 09:07, 14 March 2011

  This page is monitored by the OLPC team.

This page contains hardware release notes for an early prototype of the XO-1 laptop.

The Meaning of BTest-1

This is the beta test of fully functional hardware. There is typically one or two builds of systems internally before an external beta test, so our BTest-1 is really beta test for the electronics, while alpha test for the new screen, touch pad, industrial design, and keyboard; this is earlier in the development cycle than systems are usually made available, and is correspondingly rougher. The camera, SD slot and NAND flash are currently interfaced by an FPGA version of CaFE; the ASIC version is in BTest-2 and has significantly higher performance for both SD and NAND flash.

Hardware Specification

The BTest-1 laptops were built with an extra 128meg of RAM, to partially make up for well known memory problems in key applications, in particular the web browser, based on Firefox's Gecko technology. Work is well underway to reduce the browser's footprint; some of this work is visible in Firefox 2.0. BTest-2 will be built with 128 meg of RAM total.

Note that the BTest-1 systems use an Altera FPGA to implement that CaFE ASIC (which interfaces the camera, NAND flash and SD slot), which will not be available until the BTest-2 build. This has allowed us to test the design of CaFE and to build early systems more than 6 weeks sooner. Using an FPGA has several consequences: the FPGA consumes considerable power, and it is relatively slow. CaFE's NAND flash controller, while several times faster than on the Geode's controller on ATest boards, is still very slow relative to what it will be when implemented as an ASIC; similarly the SD controller is also slow relative to its eventual performance, both due the limitations on the speed of the FPGA, and since high speed mode for SD is just now being implemented in the device driver.

Instructions for Programming the Altera FPGA are available.

If for some reason you get bad data in the SPI boot FLASH so the system won't run the firmware, you can reload the SPI FLASH with a special cable.

The hardware specification is elsewhere in the wiki.

Hardware Release Notes

Our master list of hardware and mechanical issues and status can be found in the trac system we use. Please check this list before entering new issues: but please do enter issues you discover. The items below are the most significant from the list.

The battery charging algorithms have problems
The old EC code shipped with some units had a bug which prevented startup with low battery and another bug which prevented charging with a low battery. Updating to EC Q2B61 should fix most battery charging problems and please report any further difficulties. Please read this bug report for more information.
Inconsistent battery charge state indications
The EC can't report proper charging or capacity information and is overly conservative on the amount of power remaining, as the hardware chosen for the battery pack to report capacity is incorrect; this should be fixed in the BTest-2 build.
Keyboard keys occasionally stop working, and sometimes the machine does not reboot.
(ESD problem with the embedded controller.) One of the most irritating and noticeable problems is a static discharge problem that can lockup pins or entirely crash the embedded controller, causing some or all of the keyboard keys or touch pad to stop functioning. Power the machine off and on again to reset it (Note: you may need to remove and re-insert the battery to reset the EC completely). If your machine won't power on at all, remove the battery and make sure the machine is unplugged. Wait up to 10 minutes. We're not kidding; the EC takes very little power, and it can take a long time before everything has reset. Then replace the battery and plug it into the wall.
The resistive sensor does not work
(for use with a stylus for writing), due to a design flaw: The stylus pad area was disabled and should be fixed in BTest-2 machines
The arrow keys ("game keys") cannot be distinguished from the arrow keys on the keyboard
This will be fixed on BTest-2 system.
Manufacturing data values are in the wrong order
This is fixed the first time we update the BIOS SPI ROM, which should occur when you update the machine to current software on arrival.
Power management is as yet unimplemented
Therefore you cannot suspend and resume the machine (yet).
The internal microphone
does not work well as it is too near a speaker. It will be moved in BTest-3
The screen is covered by a plastic film by mistake
With care, it can be removed. Not every machine has this film and it is probably not worth the risk of damaging your machine to remove it if it is not really there to begin with.

Design Release Notes

The BTest-1 systems do not have textured plastic: this will happen in future builds.

Other design issues are also under investigation
Note that design is always an over constrained problem: it is often not possible to get every thing you would like in a design, though you can usually get most or all of what you value most.
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