Geode instruction set: Difference between revisions

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:see [[Hardware specification]] and [http://www.amd.com/files/connectivitysolutions/geode/geode_gx/31505E_gx_databook.zip AMD's Geode GX data book]
See [[Hardware specification]], [[Geode]], and [http://www.amd.com/files/connectivitysolutions/geode/geode_lx/33234E_LX_databook.pdf AMD's Geode LX data book].


==Overview==
The Geode's instruction set is a mix of several instruction sets. ''As per data book (2.1 - CPU Core, pg.15)'':
Generally speaking, the '''Geode''' processor is like the original Athlon. It supports the '''i686''' (Pentium Pro) instruction set, '''MMX''', the '''parts of SSE''' that do not involve SSE registers, '''3DNow! Enhanced''', a couple Geode-specific instructions and a few SSE2 instructions.


There are also numerous kernel-only instructions and MSRs for dealing with an extra debug mode, for directly loading and saving the normally-hidden segment state (base, limit, etc.) and so on.
== General ==


==Geode-specific 3DNow! instructions==
Generally speaking, the Geode GX is a combination the following instruction sets:
;PFRCPV: Opcode "0F 0F / 86" is "PFRCPV xr,xr/m64" or "PFRCPV Pq,Qq". It performs floating-point reciprocal approximation for a pair of 32-bit floats in an MMX register. It is like the PFRCP instruction, except that it operates on a pair of values.
* Intel's Pentium(r)
;PFRSQRTV: Opcode "0F 0F / 87" is "PFRSQRTV xr,xr/m64" or "PFRSQRTV Pq,Qq". It performs floating-point reciprocal square root approximation for a pair of 32-bit floats in an MMX register. It is like the PFRSQRT instruction, except that it operates on a pair of values.
* AMD-K6(r)
* Athlon(tm) FPU
* AMD Geode Castle


==useful "undocumented" instructions==
== Specific Instruction Sets ==
;INT1: Opcode "F1" is "INT1", a 1-byte version of the "INT 1" ("CD 01") instruction. This instruction is also known as ICEBP, and is in fact available (but mostly undocumented) on all x86 processors since the 80386.
;SALC: Opcode "D6" is "SALC", documented as "SETALC" with an incorrect description. This instruction sets all bits of AL to the carry flag. As with INT1, this instruction is available on all processors.


==supported SSE1==
In particular (and from AMD's documentation) it supports the following instruction sets:
;PAVGB: packed average of unsigned byte, a=(a+b+1)/2 for 8 bytes
* Pentium
;PAVGW: packed average of unsigned word, a=(a+b+1)/2 for 4 words
* Pentium Pro
;MASKMOVQ: cache-bypassing MMX store with byte mask (uses edi as destination)
* 3DNow! (AMD-K6 and Athlon processors)
;MOVNTQ: cache-bypassing MMX store
* MMX (Athlon processors)
;PEXTRW: extract word into integer register, copies any word from an MMX register into a regular register
* subset of Geode Castle (including special SMM instructions)
;PINSRW: insert word, copies any word from memory or an integer register into an MMX register
;PMAXSW: signed max() on MMX words
;PMAXUB: unsigned max() on MMX bytes
;PMINSW: signed min() on MMX words
;PMINUB: unsigned min() on MMX bytes
;PMOVMSKB: move byte mask (MSB of MMX bytes) to integer register
;PMULHUW: packed multiply high unsigned word (useful for division)
;PREFETCHNTA: prefetch using NTA register
;PREFETCH0: prefetch using T0 register
;PREFETCH1: prefetch using T1 register
;PREFETCH2: prefetch using T2 register
;PSADBW: packed sum of absolute byte differences
;PSHUFW: packed shuffle word
;SFENCE: store fence (see mfence)



* '''does not support''' SSE, except for the subset supported in Athlon's 3DNow! Enhanced.

* '''does support''' MMX for Athlon (itself a subset of Pentium 3 KNI)


==Other==


[[Category:Hardware]]
[[Category:Hardware]]

Latest revision as of 20:07, 28 July 2008

See Hardware specification, Geode, and AMD's Geode LX data book.

Overview

Generally speaking, the Geode processor is like the original Athlon. It supports the i686 (Pentium Pro) instruction set, MMX, the parts of SSE that do not involve SSE registers, 3DNow! Enhanced, a couple Geode-specific instructions and a few SSE2 instructions.

There are also numerous kernel-only instructions and MSRs for dealing with an extra debug mode, for directly loading and saving the normally-hidden segment state (base, limit, etc.) and so on.

Geode-specific 3DNow! instructions

PFRCPV
Opcode "0F 0F / 86" is "PFRCPV xr,xr/m64" or "PFRCPV Pq,Qq". It performs floating-point reciprocal approximation for a pair of 32-bit floats in an MMX register. It is like the PFRCP instruction, except that it operates on a pair of values.
PFRSQRTV
Opcode "0F 0F / 87" is "PFRSQRTV xr,xr/m64" or "PFRSQRTV Pq,Qq". It performs floating-point reciprocal square root approximation for a pair of 32-bit floats in an MMX register. It is like the PFRSQRT instruction, except that it operates on a pair of values.

useful "undocumented" instructions

INT1
Opcode "F1" is "INT1", a 1-byte version of the "INT 1" ("CD 01") instruction. This instruction is also known as ICEBP, and is in fact available (but mostly undocumented) on all x86 processors since the 80386.
SALC
Opcode "D6" is "SALC", documented as "SETALC" with an incorrect description. This instruction sets all bits of AL to the carry flag. As with INT1, this instruction is available on all processors.

supported SSE1

PAVGB
packed average of unsigned byte, a=(a+b+1)/2 for 8 bytes
PAVGW
packed average of unsigned word, a=(a+b+1)/2 for 4 words
MASKMOVQ
cache-bypassing MMX store with byte mask (uses edi as destination)
MOVNTQ
cache-bypassing MMX store
PEXTRW
extract word into integer register, copies any word from an MMX register into a regular register
PINSRW
insert word, copies any word from memory or an integer register into an MMX register
PMAXSW
signed max() on MMX words
PMAXUB
unsigned max() on MMX bytes
PMINSW
signed min() on MMX words
PMINUB
unsigned min() on MMX bytes
PMOVMSKB
move byte mask (MSB of MMX bytes) to integer register
PMULHUW
packed multiply high unsigned word (useful for division)
PREFETCHNTA
prefetch using NTA register
PREFETCH0
prefetch using T0 register
PREFETCH1
prefetch using T1 register
PREFETCH2
prefetch using T2 register
PSADBW
packed sum of absolute byte differences
PSHUFW
packed shuffle word
SFENCE
store fence (see mfence)



Other