Upgrading firmware: Difference between revisions
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{{OLPC}}{{users}} |
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== Steps of Upgrading Firmware == |
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How to upgrade only the [[firmware]] on an XO laptop. |
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<!-- Q2D08, too many bug fixes for the ship2.2 patch - would be good for Update1. See [[TestMtg%2C_2008-01-07]]. --> |
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__TOC__ |
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== Automatic == |
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G1G1 donors: You can also just wait for [http://dev.laptop.org/milestone/Update.1 Update.1]. [http://dev.laptop.org/milestone/Update.1 Update.1] will have Q2D08 (unreleased as of January 7th, 2008) system firmware. |
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To upgrade your firmware automatically, please [[Upgrading the XO|upgrade the operating system]]. |
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However, some older firmware may need to be upgraded manually. |
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You should only need to do this if a problem in the firmware affects you. |
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== Manual == |
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Advanced users: To do unsafe firmware upgrades you have to have developer key. If you lose power during a firmware upgrade you will brick the laptop. |
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=== Ingredients === |
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*a [[USB drive]] with at least 4 MB free space, |
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1. Make sure your battery is charged. |
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*an internet connection, |
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*a charged battery in the XO laptop, |
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*external power for the XO laptop, |
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*about ten minutes. |
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=== Recipe === |
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2. Plug up the XO on external power. |
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* create a new folder named {{Code|boot}} on your USB drive, |
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* Steps 1 and 2 are NOT optional. The XO will not upgrade system firmware unless it has a battery and external power. |
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* in the table below, select your XO laptop model and [[download]] the corresponding {{Code|bootfw.zip}} file; these are the latest signed firmware files from OLPC OS 13.2.5-17: |
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<!-- |
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for the 13.2.5 release these were obtained with a shell script |
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crank:~quozl/open-firmware-signed-release-for-wiki.sh |
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which also generates the table rows |
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--> |
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<center> |
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{| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" class="wikitable" |
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! model |
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! version |
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! download |
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|- |
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| XO-1 |
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| q2f20 |
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| ⚫ | |||
|- |
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| XO-1.5 |
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| q3c17 |
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| [http://dev.laptop.org/pub/firmware/q3c17/bootfw.zip bootfw.zip] |
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|- |
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| XO-1.75 |
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| q4d38 |
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| [http://dev.laptop.org/pub/firmware/q4d38/bootfw.zip bootfw.zip] |
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|- |
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| XO-4 |
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| q7c07 |
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| [http://dev.laptop.org/pub/firmware/q7c07/bootfw.zip bootfw.zip] |
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|} |
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</center> |
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* save the file to your USB drive in the folder named {{Code|boot}}, (do not expand the file, it must remain as {{Code|bootfw.zip}}), |
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* safely remove the USB drive, |
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* shutdown and turn off your XO laptop, |
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* make sure the battery is in place and locked, |
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* make sure the power cord and adapter are plugged in, the battery indicator must be on, |
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* insert the USB drive into the XO laptop, |
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* hold down the {{Code|X}} game key while pressing and releasing the power button, |
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* wait for the message asking you to release the game keys, and then release the {{Code|X}} game key, |
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* wait for update messages to be displayed, |
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* wait for the XO laptop to reboot. |
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=== Troubleshooting === |
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3. Open the Terminal activity [[Image:Activity-terminal.svg|35px]] |
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If a USB drive is ignored by the XO: |
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4. Type the following (press the Enter key after each line): |
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| ⚫ | |||
su - |
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cp bootfw.zip /versions/boot/current/boot/ |
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reboot |
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* check that the USB drive has a folder named {{Code|boot}}, |
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* Step 4 can also come from a USB key if you don't have networking available. Plug in the USB key and locate bootfw.zip (should be under /media/name_of_usb_key, where name_of_usb_key is the name of your usb key when you formatted it -- a PC or Mac will display the name once the usb key is plugged in). Then type the following (press the Enter key after each line): |
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* check that the {{Code|boot}} folder has a file {{Code|bootfw.zip}}, |
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su - |
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* check that the USB drive has a partition table type of "DOS MBR" rather than "GPT", see also [[Firmware/Storage/Formats|supported combinations]], |
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cp /media/name_of_usb_key/bootfw.zip /versions/boot/current/boot/ |
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* try a different USB drive, |
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reboot |
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* try a different USB port, |
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* check that the firmware actually needs upgrading; the USB drive will seem to be ignored if the version on the drive is equal to or earlier than the version on the laptop. |
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If the XO is faulty, firmware upgrade may not begin: |
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5. The laptop will then reboot twice more on its own. (Once to enable writing to the flash and then a 2nd time after its done updating.) |
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* if the display does not light up, or the XO icon does not appear, see [[fix clock]] for upgrading firmware using a [[serial adapter]]. |
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== How it Works == |
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The firmware on the XO runs when the power is turned on. It plays a startup sound. If the laptop is secured, or if the X game key is held down, it looks for boot/bootfw.zip on all available storage devices; internal storage, SD card, and USB drives. If a bootfw.zip is found, the firmware checks to see if the cryptographic signature of the file matches the OLPC keys, and if the version is later than itself. If both checks pass, the firmware checks for external power and a reasonably charged battery. If these are present, then the firmware updates itself from the file, writing to the internal SPI flash chip. Then it reboots, thus running the new firmware version. |
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The XO will only upgrade the system firmware if it finds that the current version is earlier than whats in bootfw.zip |
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== Developers == |
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If your laptop is locked, and you cannot [[collection stick|unlock it]], you must use the ''signed'' firmware method [[#Manual|above]]. If your laptop is unlocked, see [[Firmware]] for upgrade instructions. |
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Latest revision as of 08:33, 20 December 2017
This page is monitored by the OLPC team.
For the general public
How to upgrade only the firmware on an XO laptop.
Automatic
To upgrade your firmware automatically, please upgrade the operating system.
However, some older firmware may need to be upgraded manually. You should only need to do this if a problem in the firmware affects you.
Manual
Ingredients
- a USB drive with at least 4 MB free space,
- an internet connection,
- a charged battery in the XO laptop,
- external power for the XO laptop,
- about ten minutes.
Recipe
- create a new folder named boot on your USB drive,
- in the table below, select your XO laptop model and download the corresponding bootfw.zip file; these are the latest signed firmware files from OLPC OS 13.2.5-17:
| model | version | download |
|---|---|---|
| XO-1 | q2f20 | bootfw.zip |
| XO-1.5 | q3c17 | bootfw.zip |
| XO-1.75 | q4d38 | bootfw.zip |
| XO-4 | q7c07 | bootfw.zip |
- save the file to your USB drive in the folder named boot, (do not expand the file, it must remain as bootfw.zip),
- safely remove the USB drive,
- shutdown and turn off your XO laptop,
- make sure the battery is in place and locked,
- make sure the power cord and adapter are plugged in, the battery indicator must be on,
- insert the USB drive into the XO laptop,
- hold down the X game key while pressing and releasing the power button,
- wait for the message asking you to release the game keys, and then release the X game key,
- wait for update messages to be displayed,
- wait for the XO laptop to reboot.
Troubleshooting
If a USB drive is ignored by the XO:
- check that the USB drive has a folder named boot,
- check that the boot folder has a file bootfw.zip,
- check that the USB drive has a partition table type of "DOS MBR" rather than "GPT", see also supported combinations,
- try a different USB drive,
- try a different USB port,
- check that the firmware actually needs upgrading; the USB drive will seem to be ignored if the version on the drive is equal to or earlier than the version on the laptop.
If the XO is faulty, firmware upgrade may not begin:
- if the display does not light up, or the XO icon does not appear, see fix clock for upgrading firmware using a serial adapter.
How it Works
The firmware on the XO runs when the power is turned on. It plays a startup sound. If the laptop is secured, or if the X game key is held down, it looks for boot/bootfw.zip on all available storage devices; internal storage, SD card, and USB drives. If a bootfw.zip is found, the firmware checks to see if the cryptographic signature of the file matches the OLPC keys, and if the version is later than itself. If both checks pass, the firmware checks for external power and a reasonably charged battery. If these are present, then the firmware updates itself from the file, writing to the internal SPI flash chip. Then it reboots, thus running the new firmware version.
Developers
If your laptop is locked, and you cannot unlock it, you must use the signed firmware method above. If your laptop is unlocked, see Firmware for upgrade instructions.