Embedded controller

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Olpcboxes sources in projects/openec

Introduction

OLPC is now working in an Open Source implementation of the XO's Embedded Controller firmware.

The EC hardware consists of the ENE KB3700 (File:KB3700-ds-01.pdf), which has a 8051 microprocessor at it's core. We have chosen to impliment the firmware in C, using SDCC as our compiler. Efforts are also under way to have CamelForth, a Forth implementation for the 8051, run on the KB3700.

Background

The EC, implemented as a KB3700, has a paramount importance in controlling the XO when the CPU is not active. To do so, the KB3700 communicates with the CPU via the EC protocol, this protocol is managed in the ports 0x66 and 0x62 of the KB3700. These two ports are serially connected with the 0x6C and 0x68 ports of the CPU (for more info check Ec_specification).

The KB3700 also communicates with the DS2657 (battery fuel gauge IC within the battery back) via the 1-wire Dallas protocol.

One can deduce part of the internal state of the EC using ec-dump.fth under OpenFirmware. Running the ec-dump script give us valuable data about internals of the EC, being the EC_Register_Settings.

The procedure to run ec-dump over internet in a wireless connection is:

ok wifi media lab 802.11 *change it to your name AP
ok fl http:\\18.85.2.147\~joel\ec-dump.fth *change to your AP IP direction

Running ec-dump over internet and saving the file in a USB key:

ok wifi media lab 802.11 *change it to your name AP
ok fload http:\\18.85.2.147\~rafael\to-file.fth
ok to-file u:\ec-dump fload http:\\18.85.2.147\~joel\ec-dump.fth

OpenEc firmware project

openec is an effort for an open implementation of the firmware on the EC. It currently is in an early stage and not functional yet. Downloading openec to an XO might damage the XO, please do not do so unless you know what you are doing.

Tools for OpenEc

git

source revision tool

sdcc

Compiler sdcc 2.7.0 or later (needed) http://sdcc.sf.net (Compiler which generates the binary for the EC)

gcc

Compiler (optional for openec) the source is currently also compilable with GCC

doxygen

Source documentation tool (optional), http://www.doxygen.org

LaTeX

text tool (optional), needed if a pdf version of the documentation should be generated. A html version of the source documentation can be generated without LaTeX

Srecord

srecord (needed), http://srecord.sf.net, handling of hex (etc.) files (Version 1.36)

Make

(needed), GNU make, should be there anyway.

D52

Disassembler (optional), http://www.8052.com/users/disasm/ , generates disassembled file openec.d52

Download software

spiflash.dic (needed), see http://lists.laptop.org/pipermail/openec/2007-August/000061.html . Forth software to download the EC firmware to the target. Be sure to backup the complete firmware (including manufacturing data) first

Hardware adapter

serial adapter (needed) http://wiki.laptop.org/go/Image:Serial_adapter.jpg Hardware adapter to download to target. Connects to CN24 and an RS232 null-modem cable (an additional oscillator is needed (66MHz(?) to CN24,Pin5)). Additional instructions are at SPI_FLASH_Recovery. (The instructions there address recovery of the complete flash)

Jumpers

2 jumpers for Recovery Mode jumper block (see above)

Null modem cable

(needed) to connect the serial adapter to a serial port

Serial port

(needed) Not all new PC and very few notebooks still have a serial port (an USB to serial adapter might be additionally needed then)

Terminal Software

minicom (recommended). Needed to see or capture debugging output. Parameters 115kBaud, 8N1, no handshake - other terminal programs can be used too.

Related Documentation

http://wiki.laptop.org/go/Category.EC

ENE KB3700 Datasheet

http://sdcc.sourceforge.net/doc/sdccman.pdf

Mailing List

• http://lists.laptop.org/listinfo/openec

Getting the source

The source is in the git repository OpenEC and can be browsed online there.

To get this code onto your machine please do:

git-clone git://dev.laptop.org/projects/openec

Compiling on the host for the EC

If the necessary tools are installed it is a simple "make" inside the openec directory:

make

Listing files and a binary file currently named openec.do_not_use.bin are generated. (Intentionally no more details here about how to proceed:)

Compiling on the host for the host

Run make with an additional argument inside the openec directory:

make -f Makefile.gcc

you can then run

./openec.gcc | less

there. The EC specific hardware is not present on the host, so openec.gcc will be of limited use. Running openec.gcc on the host does not endanger the host:)

Files of the C implementation

battery.c    Skeleton for battery handling with the Embedded Controller (key) 
build.c      Keeps version related info
compiler.h   include file to allow compiling with SDCC and GCC
Doxyfile     Control file for Source Documentation tool Doxygen
ds2756.c     Handle Maxim/Dallas DS2756
failsafe/    Failsafe Code
fs_entry.c   Trampoline for a bankswitching routine
kb3700.h     kb3700.h - header file for ENE KB3700 Keyboard Controler
main.c       Skeleton for the Embedded Controller of the OLPC project
Makefile.gcc Makefile for compiling with GCC
Makefile     SDCC Makefile
matrix_3x3.c Routines to handle 3x3 matrix within the OLPC project
openec.ctl   Control file for D52 disassembler    
port_0x6c.c  host communication routines for the EC of the OLPC
sfr_dump.c   dump register settings
sfr_rw.c     reading/writing mcs-51 sfr (special function registers)
states.c     Helps debugging state machines
timer.c      Timer routines for the Embedded Controller of the OLPC project
uart.c       handle serial IO on the EC
unused_irq.c Safe IRQ stubs for unused IRQ
watchdog.c   Watchdog of the EC

Status

Compilable, timer IRQ functional, blinks LEDs, decodes cursor keys, uart output functional (TX, no RX), dumps registers outputs (ec-dump.fth like) on boot and cursor key press, outputs status of internal state machines onto serial line. Reacts on Power button but does not power up the XO yet.

Status is tested on B1 and B2, yet to be confirmed for others.

Desired Features

• Failsafe Code
• Easy debugging
• GCC compilable.

To Do

• lots