User:MitchellNCharity/Old

Hi. This is my slush pile. Currently ordered most recent at bottom.

I'm an ex-MIT Laboratory for Computer Science "systems person", who dabbles in science education reform, dynamic language implementation, and assorted other things.

I'm most interested in using the xo to help kids develop a feel for the physical world, by integrating "Powers of Ten" perspective, pervasive order of magnitude estimation and approximate quantitative reasoning, fermi questions, accessible foundational physics, storytelling and tangible representations.

But the xo has to exist for any of it to happen, so that's my main objective. "Widen bottlenecks as you hit them" has me mostly: editing the wiki; wrestling with disk images and otherwise trying to make it easier for developers to get started (and other people to get a taste); and trying to figure out how folks can best help the project 'make the base system solid and compelling, and win some orders'.

Other things near the top of the doables list are: writing a wrapper for sugar/pangocairo/gtk with a much simpler api (I burned out on xlib style gui programming long ago;).

Graph paper background

File:Graph background 01.ps

Converging lines to eyeball angles

A rough draft experimental tool to measure angles by holding up the laptop screen to your eye and looking along sight lines. Objective: measure the angle between things in the environment. The idea: hold up the laptop, and put your eye to the edge, so the lines all appear to converge at you.

Show-stopper(?): kentquirk reports a 20% viewing angle limit on B2 in both modes (with color artifacts at 45%). 20% seems perhaps borderline. But experiments on mockups suggest 20% could still leave you with ~1/3 degree accuracy. My current plan is to try it on a laptop.

I briefly tried it on an XO. Worked just fine. Seemed better than 1/4 deg. :) MitchellNCharity 15:14, 18 May 2007 (EDT)

The camera is an another way to measure environmental angles.

Here is a quick draft. I'll wait for the reality check before fleshing it out. Lines are at 1 degree intervals. The eye convergence is currently set at 100 mm from the screen edge.

SVG might be a better tech. Or even python.

Random brainstorming

In User_talk:MitchellNCharity. And Talk:Educational_content_ideas#Laptop as flexible physical object (ruler, etc).

Hmm. Email went by on devel which suggested that using xo's for photometry was an unanticipated idea, possibly best noticed sooner rather than later due to hardware/microcode impact. Perhaps scavenge the brainstorm cruft for any other similar things which might have fallen through the cracks, and write up a post? (Doable) MitchellNCharity 21:05, 3 June 2007 (EDT)

How Big Are Things? at 800dpi might show up life-size on the laptop.

No, because the browser is scaling, so it's not 200dpi. Umm, why did I do 800 dpi? You can use the calibration page to get arbitrary corrections. (Doable: determine browser scaling and fix.) MitchellNCharity 21:05, 3 June 2007 (EDT)

NASA's Visible Earth images for OLPC countries - Possible demo content?

NASA's Visible Earth has images sorted by country. Perhaps they might make good demo fodder. Some are whole country, others just a feature. Some are topical (some fire, or erosion, etc). Most have descriptive text (in english). Some stereo pairs.

• Argentina
• Brazil
• Libia
• Nigeria
• Uruguay
• Rwanda

TCC Tiny C Compiler - Include C toolchain on OLPC laptop?

My impression is a gcc toolchain is not planned for the laptop, due to space limitations (a fuzzy recollection - I now can't find it mentioned). So I note TCC, a Tiny C Compiler for x86. GCC compatible, small and fast. Same author as QEMU. So a C toolchain would fit on the laptop.

I also note its libtcc, which permits disk-less run-time C compilation and linking. Just in case anyone encounters a need for it.

Content: Images of currency - coins and bills/notes

Coins are good for counting and arithmetic activities. Kids may have seen them and think them important, they are stackable, etc.

Some of the coin images need work - they need to be cropped, and the background made transparent. Bills, being rectangular, should be usable as-is.

• ar coins. Coin images need processing. Sigh: notes (right column), link to pages with bill-shaped flash, which I can't currently see. Assuming it's an image of the bill (both sides?), it would need to be captured. The use of flash seems an artifact of an unfortunately flash-y website, rather than a disinclination to provide an image(?). Is there an alternate source for the images (with ok copyright)?
• br coins, notes
• uy coins, notes. Coin images need processing.
• ...

The MegaPenny Project uses piles of coins to give a feel for large numbers. It would be neat to have a python module which, given a coin image, creates images of stacks of coins.

Xavi++

Wow, I've never seen that!

From Educational content ideas.

If you have never seen snow, a short video clip of snow falling in the woods could have a high "wow" factor. The kind of thing kids watch again and again and again. Similarly for ocean, mountain, desert, farm, rainforest, savanna, metropolis, cow, whale, raptor, etc, etc. TV and movies take some of the edge off, and you can surf... but consider an example. Say I want a "cow" moment. Just as if I walked up to one. I want a cow face in front of mine, with a ear twitch, blink, and swipe of a big wet nose with a long flexible tongue. What I don't want is fifteen minutes of wading through the internet, google, youtube, etc, trying (unsuccessfully) to find something similar. I want someone to have already groveled around and collected wonderful breathtaking clips. Volunteers? MitchellNCharity 18:44, 1 May 2007 (EDT) (further thoughts on my user page)

• And perhaps flesh out each clip with pictures, which can be more diverse, and higher resolution, without blowing space budgets.
• Exposure to the unfamiliar world.
• Office, lab.
• Might creating these be a task for kids using the olpc camera?
• Also "task videos" - riding a train, a plane; filling out paperwork; ... And familiar tasks in unfamiliar contexts, eg, women surgeon washing hands, US "all employees must wash hands" bathroom sign, a paw being washed, chimp washing hands, mumble.

How Big? - a possible activity

One thing I'm working on is an exploratory technology prototype for a "How Big?" activity. It's still vanilla pygtk rather than sugar. Currently, cairo image scaling speed is the biggest challenge, and appearance on an actual laptop display the biggest unknown. MitchellNCharity 22:13, 12 May 2007 (EDT)

Screenshots looked great on a B2 XO! :) Leaving speed and space (10 MB or so:/) as current challenges. And perhaps doing the sugar/hippo ui. MitchellNCharity 15:22, 18 May 2007 (EDT)

Doables:

• include a "How Big?" screenshot of south-america.

Color mode misunderstandings

This belongs elsewhere, but it's late, and editing is needed, so for now...

Color mode seems a source of widespread misunderstanding. Here is my understanding of things.

The frame buffer is always 1200x900. 200 dpi. This may perhaps change, but for now, always. There is no 800 x 600 framebuffer. No raw 72 or 94 or 134 dpi. The frame buffer is always 200 dpi. All blitting and framebuffer performance issues revolve around... yes, 200 dpi. What that 200dpi looks like will vary a great deal depending on lighting. Lit externally, you see the actual grayscale pixels on a 1/200 inch grid. Lit internally by the backlight, those pixels become colored. Depending on the ratio of external to internal lighting, the pixels vary from pure gray (black---white), to tinted, to pure color (black---... red, green or blue, depending on the pixel). Software has to care about the color "mode" (an unfortunate term, since it's a continuum) because of appearances. In gray, a white pixel looks just like its white neighbors. In color, it very much doesn't. If you draw a line one pixel wide, it will look fine in pure grayscale, and oddly dashed and colored in pure color. And inbetween... inbetween. Same thing for fonts. The smallest font you can read in pure grayscale will be illegible in pure color. Inbetween, it might be barely readable but surrounded by odd color artifacts. Visually the effect is that you have lower resolution to play with, so your software, intending to be readable, has to draw small things bigger. Either all the time, or by noticing the current backlight setting and adjusting. It can make things bigger by scaling up everything (overkill, but cairo makes it simple), or only scaling up only the small things (say fonts and thin lines). Or do something even fancier, like varying the skin or interface. But the underlying infrastructure is always 200 dpi. If you forget that, and render a low dpi image to fill the screen, well, cairo will be happy to scale it up for you. After several cpu seconds.

Towards a better calculator - augmented and bantering

Calculators on computers are vastly more boring than they could be.

Examples:

• Enriched keycaps. The key has a "3" on it. When pressed, or randomly, that "3" could become "lll" (3 hashes). Or the local word "three". Or accompanied by the word "three". Or 3 dots in a line, or equilateral triangle, or right triangle. Stationary or spinning. Or a triangle with lines rather than dots. With lines emphasized one at a time. Switching from dots to lines one at a time. Accompanied with counting. Etc, etc.
• Slide the decimal point (either grabbing it, or with buttons), zero padding and going exponential as needed.
• Say the number. The "kid randomly hits keys, generates content, and wants adult/computer to say it" game.
• Sidebar banter, see below.

Sidebar banter

A calculator doesn't need much screen realestate even in full color. So we use it! Everything described for keycaps can be show on the side, for the whole number. And it can be manipulatable. Add another dot, the number goes up. Grab and move the pie wedged edge, and the fraction changes. Much of what is normally taught about numbers in isolation can be "fun stuff happening on the side". Counting; counting with hash marks; counting on fingers; how to draw a number; place-value system; geometric characteristics of numbers (ways to arrange dots; shapes); decimal point; number line; exponential notation; fractions; pie charts; graphs. And a whole lot more. It's not even hard. Just a framework, and then one hippo widget at a time as folks get around to it.

Other examples of "so much more one could do":

• Notable numbers - calc says "1111", banter that town population is "1300". Population (class, school, town, etc), age (students, teachers, parents), time (minutes, hours, etc), durations (of school day, holidays, etc), distance (in km, travel time, etc), length (of... everything), mass, prices, food consumption, energy/sunlight, characteristics of materials, etc, etc. Which of course sets them up to be able to do fermi questions. Also mathematical properties (prime, factors, etc).

Notes:

• Banter should be replicable. For doing repetition. And so having found a neat one, you can show it to someone. Ideally even on the others' machine. How? A banter history with sharable entries?

Vision screening

Sj expressed some interest in vision testing, so...

Lighting

Illumination levels have to be within certain ranges. Order 1k lux. I'm not sure yet how critical it is, or whether we can compensate. And I don't have a feel for how large the range is subjectively, and thus how amenable to "give the human instructions".

Can use a laptop in photometer mode to judge the illumination on another.

What is the backlit illuminance? #olpc silent. I don't know if the backlight might be useful or not.

Screening plans

• http://www.aafp.org/afp/980901ap/broderic.html aafp (but a decade old)
• http://www.health.state.mn.us/divs/fh/mch/hlth-vis/vismaterials.html one state's plan

Visual acuity

• http://www.i-see.org/block_letter_eye_chart.ps (pdf) public domain snellen chart. easy to convert letters to cairo. double check the letter shapes?

There is various better-that-Snellen literature. Some won't apply, as we can show letters one at a time and choose arbitrary sizes. Some will... but I've no medical closed-literature access anymore. :(

Internationalization

Symbol charts tend to be culture specific. Letter charts script specific. For our target age group, letter charts are recommended. Near-term, we can just use latin. One can get the letter sized right in any script, but judging the letter's difficulty requires experimentation to create a baseline. Not a big deal, order 100 people should do it, but one more thing to worry about.

Misc

• http://www.v2020.org/ WHO. Useful politics. Not sure anything technically helpful for us.

Game Jam feedback

Random ideas...

Intake procedure:

• have a punch-list; tinderbox&milestones?
• wiki page; who am
• skills inventory
• photo
• svn repo up
• xo or emulation up; hello world activity running
• on irc
• automate more

Support:

• "best way to learn topic x" pointers (with better docs it won't matter, but for now...)
• mit zephyr-like announcement channel, ie, popups. less invasive than group shout, more visible than irc chatter.
• irc in/out flag - eg key developer sleeping -> "he's there but not responding"
• "events" to give time texture. brownies&lemonade; cookies&milk; accompany with demo.
• code review; experts on call; "lab TA's" (mit sense)
• TDMultiplexing experts - need to self monitor, or timeout, or have badguy, or... better: expert moves to questioner, so easier to leave, other questioners can come and draw them away. virtual "raised hands". request assistance in domain x queue? skill level escalation mechanism.
• pairing with offsite mentors (individuals or teams)
• active facilitation role needed/useful - emergent social organization generally suboptimal. someone whose job is it to know peoples interests, status, and plans; make sure useful/interesting connections happen; smooth the path for folks getting stuck; watch for large scale issues/problems.
• visible team status; maybe support folks help maintain; entire jam current state at a glance. attempting the benefit of everyone walking around asking "what's up?", without the cost.
• faq/bulletin board - eg, "both sets of game keys unfortunately currently have the same codes, and they are foo".
• might use intro tutorials to bootstrap "folks gather at lounge tables for mini-seminars" behavior.
• generalize/explore/expand - task-oriented efficiency, "on a roll", principle programmer model, vs "rtfm/c and good luck".

Misc:

• really really need good mono-color explanation
• questions re degree of intended olpc-gnash integration
• dedicated xo's for each kid attending (even unanticipated kids w/o xo's in room full of xo's just seems wrong)
• have a water cooler
• extra batteries. this jam, most everyone was stationary and could be plugged in. i suspect this will change. "coding better than charging". maybe.
• quiet room automated enforcement/encouragement? ie, sound meter.

Excellent job by the Olin folks.