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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en" xml:lang="en"> <head> <title>Progress: Discover the origins of OLPC - One Laptop per Child (OLPC)</title> <meta name="Description" content="The origins of OLPC stretch back more than four decades to the primordial days of computing. Pioneer thinkers dreamed they would be suitable for children, and time has proved the immense power of the personal computer as a learning tool." /> <meta name="keywords" content="OLPC, One Laptop per Child, laptop, computing, machines, children, personal computer, learning tool, network hardware, timeline, partners." /> <!-- Meta --> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <link rel="meta" href="http://www.laptop.org/labels.rdf" type="application/rdf+xml" title="ICRA labels" /> <meta http-equiv="pics-Label" content='(pics-1.1 "http://www.icra.org/pics/vocabularyv03/" l gen true for "http://laptop.org" r (n 0 s 0 v 0 l 0 oa 0 ob 0 oc 0 od 0 oe 0 of 0 og 0 oh 0 c 3) gen true for "http://www.laptop.org" r (n 0 s 0 v 0 l 0 oa 0 ob 0 oc 0 od 0 oe 0 of 0 og 0 oh 0 c 3))' /> <meta name="copyright" content="Copyright © 2006 - 2007 OLPC ." /> <meta name="Content-Language" content="en-US" /> <meta name="Identifier-url" content="http://www.laptop.org/" /> <meta name="robots" content="index, follow" /> <!-- /Meta --> <!-- Icon --> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico" type="image/ico" /> <link rel="icon" href="/favicon.ico" type="image/ico" /> <!-- /Icon --> <!-- Css --> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="screen" href="/css/screen.css" charset="iso-8859-1" /> <!--[if lt IE 7]> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="screen" href="/css/browserIE6.css" charset="iso-8859-1" /> <![endif]--> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="print" href="/css/print.css" charset="iso-8859-1" /> <!-- /Css --> <!-- Javascript --> <script type="text/javascript" src="/scripts/swfObject.js" language="JavaScript1.2" charset="iso-8859-1"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/scripts/yahoo-dom-event.js" language="JavaScript1.2" charset="iso-8859-1"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/scripts/main.js" language="JavaScript1.2" charset="iso-8859-1"></script> <!-- /Javascript --> </head> <body id="progress" class="vision" lang="en"> <p id="skipLink"><a href="#main-body">Skip to content</a></p> <div id="logo"> <a href="/index.shtml" title="back to home page"><img src="/img/UI/logoOLPC.gif" width="78" height="107" alt="logo: one laptop for child" lang="en" /></a> </div> <div id="header" class="clearfix"> <ul id="navigation"> <li id="nav-vision"><a href="/vision/index.shtml" title="link to vision"><span>vision</span></a> <ul> <li id="nav-mission"><a href="/vision/mission/index.shtml" title="link to mission">mission</a></li> <li id="nav-progress"><a href="/vision/progress/index.shtml" title="link to progress">progress</a></li> <li id="nav-news"><a href="/vision/news/index.shtml" title="link to news">news</a></li> <li id="nav-people"><a href="/vision/people/index.shtml" title="link to people">people</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="nav-laptop"><a href="/laptop/" title="link to laptop"><span>laptop</span></a> <ul> <li id="nav-hardware"><a href="/laptop/hardware/" title="link to hardware">hardware</a></li> <li id="nav-software"><a href="/laptop/software/" title="link to software">software</a></li> <li id="nav-interface"><a href="/laptop/interface/" title="link to interface">interface</a></li> <li id="nav-design"><a href="/laptop/design/" title="link to design">design</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="nav-foundation"><a href="http://www.laptopfoundation.org/index.shtml" title="link to participate"><span>participate</span></a> <ul> <li id="nav-purpose"><a href="http://www.laptopfoundation.org/purpose/" title="link to purpose">purpose</a></li> <li id="nav-program"><a href="http://www.laptopfoundation.org/program/" title="link to program">program</a></li> <li id="nav-participate"><a href="http://www.laptopfoundation.org/participate/" title="link to participate">participate</a></li> <li id="nav-propose"><a href="http://www.laptopfoundation.org/propose/" title="link to propose">propose</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="nav-children"><a href="/children/" title="link to children"><span>children</span></a></li> </ul> <!-- /navigation --> <ul id="sub-navigation"> <li><a href="http://wiki.laptop.org/go/Home" target="_blank" title="link to external OLPC Wiki">olpc wiki</a></li> <li><a href="/jobs.shtml" title="link to career">career</a></li> <li><a href="/contact.shtml" title="link to contact">contact</a></li> <!-- <li><a href="sitemap.shtml" title="link to site map">site map</a></li> --> <li><a href="/languages.shtml" title="link to languages">languages</a></li> </ul> <!-- /sub-navigation --> <hr /> </div> <!-- /header --> <div id="main-body" class="section clearfix"> <h1>Progress: Discover the origins of OLPC</h1> <div id="main-content" class="clearfix"> <div id="tools"> <ul> <li><a href="maps.shtml">map</a></li> </ul> </div> <!-- /tools --> <div id="content"> <h2>progress</h2> <p>The origins of OLPC stretch back more than four decades to the primordial days of computing, when most machines were still the size of small dinosaurs and next to no one imagined they had any connection to children. Pioneer thinkers such as Seymour Papert dreamed they would be suitable for children, and time has proved the immense power of the personal computer as a learning tool. Some of the key milestones in One Laptop per Child's long march from radical theory to reality...</p> <div id="timeline"> <ul> <li> <h3 class="year">2007</h3> <ul> <li> <h4 class="month">January</h4> <p>Rwanda starts out the New Year with a bang by announcing that it, too, will participate in OLPC. </p> </li> </ul> </li> <!-- /2007 --> <li> <h3 class="year">2006</h3> <ul> <li> <h4 class="month">December</h4> <p>Uruguay commits to OLPC.</p> </li> <li> <h4 class="month">November</h4> <p>875 B1-Test machines roll off the Quanta assembly-line in Shanghai. XO is for real.</p> </li> <li> <h4 class="month">October</h4> <p>Libya announces it has signed up for 1.2-million laptops, one for every school-age child in the nation. OLPC has an Arabic-speaking launch country.</p> </li> <li> <h4 class="month">September</h4> <p>Red Hat and Pentagram present the user interface for the laptop. SES-Astra joins OLPC.</p> </li> <li> <h4 class="month">August</h4> <p>First working prototype of the dual-mode display is unveiled.</p> <p>Wikipedia becomes first source of content for the laptop.</p> </li> <li> <h4 class="month">June</h4> <p>500 developer boards are shipped worldwide. Csound is demonstrated over the mesh network.</p> </li> <li> <h4 class="month">May</h4> <p>Nortel and eBay become members. $100 School Server is announced.</p> </li> <li> <h4 class="month">April</h4> <p>Squid and FreePlay present first human-powered systems for the Laptop.</p> </li> <li> <h4 class="month">March</h4> <p>OLPC settles into its offices at One Cambridge Center. Noted industrial designer Yves Behar takes charge of form factor issues.</p> </li> <li> <h4 class="month">February</h4> <p>Marvell joins OLPC and partners on network hardware for the laptop. Our website, www.laptop.org, goes live (domain courtesy of Mohamed Rostom).</p> </li> <li> <h4 class="month">January</h4> <p>Negroponte and Kemal Dervis, head of the UN Development Program, sign a memo of understanding at the World Economic Forum. The planned OLPC Gen-1 launch remains focused on 5-10 million laptops in large countries or regions. When the program expands to include all countries, UNDP has offices in 166 of them. It will serve as OLPC's ground force, assisting with everything from communications with ministries to logistics for school rollout.</p> </li> </ul> </li> <!-- /2006 --> <li> <h3 class="year">2005</h3> <ul> <li> <h4 class="month">December</h4> <p>In a major advance, Quanta Computers, the world's largest maker of laptops, steps forward to become ODM for the $100 Laptop. It is an emphatic statement of faith in the project by a key and canny leader of the computer industry.</p> </li> <li> <h4 class="month">November</h4> <p>At the World Symposium on the Information Society in Tunis, UN Secretary General Kofi Annan presents OLPC's latest iteration, the so-called green machine, with its distinctive pencil-yellow hand crank. At a jammed press conference with Negroponte, Annan breaks the handle. Time for a design review.</p> <p><cite>"This is not just a matter of giving a laptop to each child, as if bestowing on them some magical charm. The magic lies within-within each child, within each scientist-, scholar-, or just-plain-citizen-in-the-making. This initiative is meant to bring it forth into the light of day.</cite> —Kofi Annan</p> <p>Two weeks later, President Olusegun Obasanjo of Nigeria declares himself "enchanted" by the $100 Laptop and commits his country to one-million units.</p> </li> <li> <h4 class="month">August</h4> <p>After meeting in Bangkok with Negroponte, PM Thaksin Shinawatra announces that Thailand will adopt OLPC, the first country officially to do so. Unfortunately for the PM, he would later lose his job in a coup.</p> </li> <li> <h4 class="month">July</h4> <p>Negroponte reports to a partners' meeting at Google headquarters that more than 50 countries have now inquired about the laptop. Twenty of the queries came from heads of state. BrightStar is introduced as a partner. Design Continuum becomes OLPC's industrial-design partner.</p> </li> <li> <h4 class="month">June</h4> <p>Brazilian president Lula de Silva meets with Negroponte and Papert in Brasilia, where he embraces the $100 Laptop for Brazil. "A process of this kind is important to imbue with quality the education of our children," he says, then directs his assembled cabinet officers to "dedicate time, set deadlines, so that we can move forward." President Lula gives them just 29 days to set an agenda, he says, because "anything longer than 30 days is uninteresting."</p> </li> <li> <h4 class="month">May</h4> <p>First meeting of corporate partners at the Media Lab. Members include AMD, News Corp., Google and Red Hat, which will create a Linux-based operating system for the laptop. </p> </li> <li> <h4 class="month">January</h4> <p>Negroponte sketches out his idea for a $100 laptop for the poor child of the world in an e-mail to his old friend, Hector Ruiz, CEO of AMD. Six hours later, Ruiz replies: "Count us in, and we would be delighted to take a lead role here." Within weeks, News Corp. and Google also join as founding members of the newly formed program, One Laptop per Child.</p> <p>Later in the month, Negroponte presents the $100 Laptop at the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland, where the political, economic, and cultural elite of the world-and the press that covers them-gather each year. Although he has nothing to show his audience but a simple mock-up with no functioning parts, the machine makes a big splash. John Markoff writes a positive notice in The New York Times, which calls Negroponte "the Johnny Appleseed of the digital era." </p> </li> </ul> </li> <!-- /2005 --> <li> <h3 class="year">2002</h3> <ul> <li> <h4 class="month">September</h4> <p>Gov. Angus King of Maine is persuaded by Papert that "one to one is the only meaningful ratio for deploying computers to school children." Maine launches the first large-scale, saturation distribution of laptops-42,000 Apple I-Books-to all of the state's seventh-graders. The program is later renewed and expanded. </p> <p>"Giving all the children this powerful device, this key, is a very powerful transformative idea," says King. </p> </li> <li> <h4 class="month">April</h4> <p>Negroponte provides 20 children in a small, remote Cambodian village with connected Panasonic ToughbooksTM for their individual use at school, at home, and in the community. He will add 20 more the following year. The children and their families quickly innovate multiple uses for the machines and easily teach themselves to navigate the Internet. Their first English word? "Google."</p> </li> </ul> </li> <!-- /2002 --> <li> <h3 class="year">1998</h3> <ul> <li> <p>Lego MindstormsTM debuts as a product with which kids build "programmable bricks" into their constructions.</p> </li> </ul> </li> <!-- /1998 --> <li> <h3 class="year">1995</h3> <ul> <li> <p>In his influential Being Digital, Negroponte paints a picture of the future of personal computing. The book becomes an international best-seller and is translated into 40 languages. </p> </li> </ul> </li> <!-- /1995 --> <li> <h3 class="year">1988</h3> <ul> <li> <p>Working with the Omar Dengo Foundation in Costa Rica, Papert and a team from the Media Lab help design and implement a constructionist program that includes the training of a dozen Costa Rican teachers at MIT. The self-sustaining program is instrumental in moving Costa Rica away from economic dependence on agricultural exports toward a technology-based economy.</p> <p><cite>"Logo became a culture, a way of rethinking learning."</cite> —Clotilde Fonseca, executive director of the Omar Dengo Foundation.</p> <p>Lego/Logo launches as a commercial product with which kids connect their robotic constructions to a personal computer with a cable. </p> </li> </ul> </li> <!-- /1988 --> <li> <h3 class="year">1985</h3> <ul> <li> <p>The MIT Media Lab is born. Its mission, in part, is to "invent and creatively exploit new media for human well-being and individual satisfaction without regard for present-day constraints." </p> <p>"Papert opens "The School of the Future," a multi-year high-density computer project at Hennigan Elementary School in Boston, Massachusetts. The children work primarily with Logo. Hennigan will also become a pilot test site for the Media Lab's LEGO/Logo project.</p> </li> </ul> </li> <!-- 1985 --> <li> <h3 class="year">1982</h3> <ul> <li> <p>In a French government-sponsored pilot project, Papert and Nicholas Negroponte distribute Apple II microcomputers to school children in a suburb of Dakar, Senegal. The experience confirms one of Papert's central assumptions: children in remote, rural, and poor regions of the world take to computers easily and naturally, just like children everywhere else. These results will be validated in subsequent deployments in Pakistan, Thailand, Colombia and elsewhere.</p> </li> </ul> </li> <!-- /1982 --> <li> <h3 class="year">1980</h3> <ul> <li> <p>Papert publishes Mindstorms: Children, Computers and Powerful Ideas, a popular guide to his theories of constructionism and computing for kids. </p> </li> </ul> </li> <!-- /1980 --> <li> <h3 class="year">1968</h3> <ul> <li> <p>Alan Kay describes his proto-laptop, the Dynabook, as "a portable interactive personal computer, as accessible as a book."</p> </li> </ul> </li> <!-- 1968 --> <li> <h3 class="year">1967</h3> <ul> <li> <p>Wally Feurzeig, Daniel Bobrow, Richard Grant, Cynthia Solomon, and Seymour Papert introduce Logo, the first programming language written especially for children.</p> </li> </ul> </li> <!-- /1967 --> </ul> </div> <!-- /timeline --> </div> <!-- /content --> <div id="sub-content"> <h2>What's coming...</h2> <div class="coming"> <h3>February</h3> <p>B2-Test machines deployed to children in launch countries.</p> </div> </div> <!-- /sub-content --> </div> <!-- /main-content --> </div> <!-- /main-body --> <div id="footer"> <p>Copyright © 2007 One Laptop Per Child</p> <p id="sponsor">Designed by <a href="http://www.pentagram.com" target="_blank">Pentagram</a> | <a href="http://www.nurun.com">Powered by Nurun</a></p> </div> <!-- /footer --> <script src="http://www.google-analytics.com/urchin.js" type="text/javascript"> </script> <script type="text/javascript"> _uacct = "UA-1264681-1"; urchinTracker(); </script> </body> </html>