Autoreinstallation image/lang-es
Imagen de Reinstalación Automática
- This is an on-going translation
Esta página describe como actualizar la imagen del software en su laptop. El procedimiento de actualización crea una llave o disco USB, que cuando es usado para bootear la laptop OLPC, actualiza el firmware e instala una nueva versión de la imagen del sistema operativo en la flash NAND.
Este proces cambia regularmente, por lo tanto lea las instrucciones con atención. Algunos cambios importantes están destacados más abajo. El procedimiento básico consta de tres etapas:
La versión del software a usar depende de: la versión del hardware a actualizar y si se desea usar una versión estable o experimental de desarrollo del software. Las versiones de desarrollo tienen más funcionalidades, pero también más bugs (a veces grandes). Las Notas de Lanzamiento del Grupo de Pruebas describe las versiones de desarrollo. Las Notas de Lanzamiento del Software describe el estado de los problemas importantes con los que se pueda haber topado anteriormente. La mayoría de la gente con laptops recientes usa la versión estable. Gente con prototipos de la laptop más viejos puede ser que necesiten usar versiones más viejas. Los desarrolladores pueden querer usar versiones más nuevas.
This page describes how to update the software image on your laptop. The update procedure creates a USB flash key or disk, that when booted on an OLPC laptop, updates its firmware and installs a new version of the operating system image onto NAND flash.
This process changes regularly, so please read the instructions carefully. Some important changes are noted below. The basic procedure has three parts:
The software version you choose depends on: what version of laptop hardware you are upgrading and whether you want to use a stable version or one of the experimental development versions of the software. The development versions have more features, but also many more bugs (sometimes big ones). The Test Group Release Notes describe the development versions. The Software Release Notes describe the status of important software problems you may have encountered previously. Most people with recent laptops will use the stable version. People with older laptop prototypes may need to use older versions. Developers may wish to use newer versions.
Avisos Importantes
Si se esta actualizando el firmware, y ocurre algún problem que no se menciona en esta página, no apague la máquina; y consiga ayuda de la OLPC, preferentemente por medio de IRC o por correo electrónico de forma inmediata.
Firmware q2c24 (en las imágenes de auto-reinstalación "2007-08-17 23:10Z" y "2007-08-18 05:08Z") has sido retirado ya que puede «brickear» máquinas B2. Por favor, cerciorése de obtener la última versión de la imagen de auto-reinstalación!
La versión de la imagen de auto-reinstalación es mostrada al inicio del proceso de actualización. También se puede encontrar el string de la versión al principio del archivo de texto olpc.fth en el directorio boot.
Las versiones más recientes del firmware no soportan las placas A-Test o las máquinas pre-B1. No use este procedimiento si tiene alguna de ellas; contáctese con la OLPC para una actualización.
Firmware q2c24 (in autoreinstallation images "2007-08-17 23:10Z" and "2007-08-18 05:08Z") has been withdrawn because it may brick B2 machines. Be sure you get the latest version of the autoreinstallation image!
The autoreinstallation image version is displayed at the start of the upgrade process. You can also find the version string at the top of the olpc.fth text file in the boot directory.
Recent firmwares do not support A-test boards or pre-B1 machines. Do not use this process if you have one of these; contact OLPC for an upgrade.Comenzando con la imagen de auto-reinstalación "2007-08-15 18:23Z", el procedimiento de actualización realiza una copia de respaldo automática de los datos de usuario antes de actualizar y lo reinstancia al finalizar. La llave USB debe ser los suficientemente grande para almacenar tanto la imagen que se va a instalar, así como también todos los archivos que puedan haber sido creados en /home/olpc. ADVERTENCIA: el procedimiento de actualización anterior borraba completamente la memoria flash del sistema. Asegúrese de cual es la versión de la imagen de auto-reinstalación que está usando; se puede descargar la imagen más nueva del enlace más abajo si no se está seguro.
A partir de la imagen de auto-reinstalación "2007-08-17 16:35Z" la activación de una máquina previamente no activada después de una actualización ha sido simplificado; vea los detalles abajo.
A partir del Build 542 (firmware Q2C20e), hemos corregido un bug que se comía llaves USB formateadas como FAT32.
- Por favor, re-descargue la imagen de auto-reinstalación (olpc-auto.zip) y utilice los nuevos archivos.
- Puede ser deseable reformatear la llave USB o usar un verificador de archivos sobre ella para reparar cualquier anormalidad producida por el viejo firmware.
A partir del Build 525, hemos agregado el paso de activación al procedimiento de actualización.
- Es necesario usar el nuevo olpc-auto.zip.
- Debe dejar el disco o llave USB en la máquina después de actualizar, mientras rebootea.
- Note que las rutinas de activación se encuentran solamente en el build, no en el firmware, con lo cual es posible (hasta próximo aviso) mantener el firmware actualizado aún corriendo el Build 406.15, lo recomendado para aquellos con máquinas B2-1 (ej: 128MB).
As of autoreinstallation image "2007-08-17 16:35Z" activating a previously-unactivated machine after the upgrade has been simplified; see details below.
As of Build 542 (firmware Q2C20e), we have fixed a bug that corrupted USB keys which were formatted FAT32.
- Please redownload the autoreinstallation image (olpc-auto.zip) and use the new files.
- You may also want to either reformat your USB key or use a file system checker on it to repair any corruption that may have occurred with the old firmware.
As of Build 525, we have added an activation step to the update process.
- You will need to use the new version of the autoreinstallation image files.
- You must leave the USB flash key or disk in the machine after the upgrade, while it reboots.
- Note that the activation code is only in the build, not in the firmware, so you can (until further notice) keep your firmware up to date while still running Build 406.15, the current recommendation for those of you with B2-1 (ie, 128MB B2) machines.
A partir del Build 406, se agregó un archivo de checksum la procedimiento de actualización.
- Se necesita tanto el archivo .img como el .crc para actualizar.
Este procedimiento funciona sobre hardware OLPC reciente:
- La mayoría de las B1 (ver soluciones más abajo); y
- Todas las laptops B2, B3, B4 y C.
Solo ha sido probado con Open Firmware:
- Si está usando Linux-as-BIOS o BIOS Insyde, vea la solución más abajo.
- You will need both the .img file and the .crc file to update.
This procedure works for recent OLPC hardware:
- Most B1 (see workaround below); and
- All B2, B3, B4 and C laptops.
It has only been tested with Open Firmware:
- If you are running Linux-as-BIOS or Insyde BIOS, see the workaround below.
¿Qué tipo de laptop es?
Es importante identificar que tipo de Xo laptop usted esta actualizando.
- A-Test board (Solo tarjeta madre)
- Máquinas B1 (identificable por un sello B1-TEST SAMPLE debajo de la batería)
- Máquinas B2-1 (identificable por unos sellos B2-TEST SAMPLE y B2-1 hasta B2-16 debajo de la batería)
- Máquinas B2-2 (identificable por un sello B2-7-ext debajo de la batería)
- Maquinas B3 (colored cover-plate; identificable por un sello B3-TEST SAMPLE debajo de la batería)
- Maquinas B4 (manija texturizada; colored cover-plate; identificables por unos sellos B4-TEST SAMPLE y B4-1 hasta B4-16 debajo de la baterial)
- Preproduccion (maquinas C) (Completamente texturizadas; identificadas por unos sellos C-TEST SAMPLE y C-4 debajo de la bateria)
(Vea las Laptop Development Schedule para una mas detallada descripción de estos sistems de desarrollo.)
It is important to identify which kind of XO laptop you are upgrading:
- A-Test board (bare motherboards)
- B1 machines (identifiable by a B1-TEST SAMPLE label under the battery)
- B2-1 machines (identifiable by B2-TEST SAMPLE and B2-1 through B2-16 labels under the battery)
- B2-2 machines (identifiable by B2-7-ext label under the battery)
- B3 machines (colored cover-plate; identifiable by a B3-TEST SAMPLE label under the battery)
- B4 machines (textured handle; colored cover-plate; identifiable by a B4-TEST SAMPLE and B4-1 through B4-16 labels under the battery)
- Preproduction (C machines) (fully textured; identifiable by a C-TEST SAMPLE and C-4 label under the battery)
(See the Laptop Development Schedule for a more detailed description of the various development systems.)
Procedimiento de Actualización del Sistema
Preparando el hardware
- Plug in your laptop and ensure the battery is charged. It is very important that the update process (Which takes about 3 minutes) not be interrupted.
- Get a USB flash key or disk with at least 300 MiB of free space in the primary partition.
- The filesystem should be FAT (like a factory-formatted device).
- It does not have to be partitioned, and will not work if it is partitioned such that the partition type code says "83" (Linux ext2 or ext3), even if the actual filesystem inside the partition is FAT.
Preparando la imagen de auto-actualización
These instructions are for loading an autoupdate image onto a USB flash key or USB disk drive. The instructions for preparing an SD card are similar.
NOTE: If you have Python available and some familiarity with the command line, then the initialization of the auto-installation directory and the preparation of an update image can be accomplished automatically.
Inicializando el directorio de auto-instalación (manualmente)
- Unzip olpc-auto.zip at the root of the USB flash key or disk drive, thus creating a directory called boot.
- If you drag and drop the files from the zip archive, you'll have to create the boot directory manually on the flash or disk drive.
- There will be four files in the boot directory initially: olpc.fth, Q2E41.rom, usbupgos.img, and usbupgrd.img.
Preparando la imagen más reciente (manualmente)
- If you have previously created an auto-installation image, remove the .img and .crc files from the boot directory of the flash or disk drive. (Don't forget to "Empty Trash.")
- Download the latest build image (.img) and its checksum file (.crc). You may choose between the the latest stable build and the the latest unstable development build.
- The image is called osNNN.img ("NNN" represents the build number). The checksum file of the same name has the .crc extension.
- If you are downloading a build earlier than Build 530, the files on the download site will need to be renamed. For instance, if you want to download Build 528, you would download olpc-redhat-stream-development-build-528-20070720_0056-devel_jffs2.img, and rename it to os528.img, and likewise for its .crc file.
- If you are downloading a build with a non-integer number, e.g., Build 542.3, you need to rename it without the decimal point, e.f., os5423.img and os5423.crc.
- Copy osNNN.img and osNNN.crc files to the boot directory of the flash or disk drive.
- One of the files in the boot directory should be the latest firmware image, Q2E41.rom. If the Firmware page lists a newer firmware release than the one you have, download it to the boot directory.
- The firmware will be named qXXXX.rom, where XXXX is the firmware release number in hexadecimal (letters A-F and numbers 0-9).
- Verify that these six files exist in the directory named boot on your USB key or disk: Q2E41.rom; osNNN.img; osNNN.crc; usbupgos.img, usbupgrd.img, and olpc.fth, where the NNNs are the build number to which you are updating.
- Do not use a flash key or disk for which there have been any errors reported during unzipping: the files may be damaged. As a further safeguard, the firmware checks the integrity of the flash image before reflashing.
- The CRC file is required even though earlier firmware did not check for the CRC file.
- You're now ready to upgrade the machine!
Preparando la imagen más reciente (automáticamente)
The sugar-update.py script automates the steps listed above for creating an auto-installation directory and preparing a new image. This is a python script, and as such requires python to run. Important Note: Due to a bug in MediaWiki this script had to be uploaded as a .txt file. Please change the extension to .py after downloading.
- Usage
- sugar-update.py [-cdflLqs] [-b build] [directory]
- Description
- This script will create an autoinstallation image boot directory within the specified directory. If the boot directory already exists, it will only download the necessary image files (.img, .crc, and .rom). Any of these files already present within this boot directory will be deleted before the download begins. If no directory is specified, the current working directory will be used.
- This script has also has automatic support for downgrades, and will add the necessary force.os file to the boot directory if the build image already present there is newer than the build specified.
- Options
- -b Specify a build number; defaults to latest development build
- -c Create a clean auto-installation image, replacing existing boot directory
- -d Force downgrade image; implicit when a newer build exists in boot
- -f Skip firmware update
- -l Print the associated change log
- -L Print the change log for the specified build and quit
- -q Quiet; do not print progress output
- -s Download the latest stable build; overrides the -b option
- Examples
- If you're creating a boot directory from scratch, you'll simply want to use:
sugar-update.py /path/to/USBdrive/
- By adding the -s flag to the above, the latest stable image will be prepared instead:
sugar-update.py -s /path/to/USBdrive/
- For frequent updates it's useful to show the change log for the new builds:
sugar-update.py -l /path/to/USBdrive/
Actualizando la máquina
- (A) Switch off the laptop;
- (B) Provide power: put in a battery; plug in the laptop;
- (C) Insert the USB key with the autoupdate image;
- (D) Switch on the laptop, and watch it carefully;
- (D.1) hold down the X game key on the bezel above the power button, while you press the power button; then release the game key when the screen lights up. (>=Q2C11)
- (D.2) if the laptop says "Firmware is already current" you can skip to Step (I) below; if instead you see "Updating firmware from q2XXX to q2YYY", then continue with Step (E);
- (E) Let the firmware update complete; the laptop will then turn off automatically;
- (F) Remove all power from the laptop. This step is very important (it resets the embedded controller). Do not remove the USB key yet.
- (F.1) unplug the laptop; take out the battery;
- (F.2) wait 30 seconds;
- (G) Put in the battery; plug the machine back in;
- (H) Switch on the laptop;
- (H.1) hold down the X game key on the bezel above the power button, while you press the power button; then release the game when the screen lights up. (>=Q2C11)
- (I) The XO will now
- boot, to backup the user files,
- reboot, to upgrade the base image,
- reboot, to restore the user files;
- then power down;
- (J) Remove the USB key;
- (K) Power on the laptop again without the USB key inserted.
Congratulations: you are running a new build image.
A sample transcript of the update procedure is shown in following section.
Notas adicionales
- If you are upgrading an unactivated machine (prior to Build 542), you may see either a message that says, "Could not activate this XO" followed by the serial number of your machine, or else a XO icon in the center of the display with a lock icon in the bottom right corner. If this happens: turn off the machine; reinsert the USB key; and hold down the 'X' and 'check' game buttons down while turning the power on. (If your XO is pre-B4 and does not have a 'check' button, use the 'O' button instead.) Release the buttons when directed. The system should boot into the new system image and perform activation using the activation lease stored on the USB key; Do not remove the USB key until you've reached the sugar "XO" screen, or the activation process will fail;
- If your USB device is a harddisk instead of flash, you may need to interrupt the Open Firmware boot sequence by pressing the Esc key (the upper left key on the keyboard, marked with an X in a circle), waiting a moment, then entering probe-usb2. You should see additional entries compared to the initial list that Open Firmware displayed. Then you can enter boot and the update should proceed. This is because many external hard drives take a long time to come ready. Recent firmware should fix this issue.
- If the machine does not power on, you need to reset the EC: (a) unplug the machine; (b) remove the battery; (c) wait 30 seconds; (d) reinsert the battery; (e) reconnect power (i.e., plug in the machine); and (f) power on the machine.This behavior is expected for machines with Li batteries so be prepared for that. Please do not remove the USB key until the activation process is completed.
- When removing all power from the laptop, any external USB peripherals should be disconnected, just in case they are faulty and supply current to the system.
- If anything else goes wrong do not turn off the machine; please get help from OLPC, preferably immediately on IRC or by email.
- After the upgrade, a backup of your user files can be found on the USB key with the name 'backup/<your XO's serial number>/complete.tgz'.
Transcripción de la Actualización del Sistema
Release the game key to continue
OLPC B1, 256 MiB memory installed, S/N Unknown
Open Firmware CL1 Q2C08 Q2C
USB2 devices:
/pci/usb@f,5/wlan@3,0
/pci/usb@f,5/scsi@1,0
/pci/usb@f,5/scsi@1,0/disk
USB1 devices:
Type the Esc key to interrupt automatic startup
Boot device: /usb/disk:\boot\olpc.fth Arguments:
Autoreinstallation version: 2007-08-15 19:27Z
Existing firmware version is q2c08
Updating firmware from q2c08 to q2c25
Reading disk:\boot\{{Latest Releases/firmware number}}.rom
Got firmware version: CL1 Q2C25 Q2C
Checking integrity ...
SPI FLASH is type 13 - Spansion, Winbond, or ST
Merging existing manufacturing data
Erasing
0
Writing
ff000
...
Powering off
[Then you remove power, replace power, and turn it back on again...]
OLPC B4, 256 MiB memory installed, S/N Unknown OpenFirmware CL1 Q2C25 Q2C Can't assign address ranges larger than 32-bits USB2 devices: /pci/usb@f,5/wlan@3,0 /pci/usb@f,5/scsi@1,0 /pci/usb@f,5/scsi@1,0/disk USB1 devices: Type the Esc key to interrupt automatic startup Boot device: /usr/disk:\boot\olpc.fth Arguments: Autoreinstallation version: 2007-08-02 23:28Z
[Boots into Linux]
....lots of kernel boot messages.... Backing up /home/olpc, size 13487 Backing up /security, size 1 Total used KB: 13473, disk free KB: 734112 Skipping from ignore list: /home/olpc/Library tar: Removing leading '/' from member names Done! *** Done ***
[Reboots]
Autoreinstallation version: 2007-08-02 23:28Z Existing firmware version is Q2C25 Firmware is already current; skipping update Existing firmware version is Q2C25 Firmware is already current; skipping update Activation lease created successfully. Checking existing OS image on NAND FLASH Existing OS build is 353 .0 Updating OS image on NAND FLASH from build 353 .0 to build 542 .0 Check file is /pci/usb@f,5/scsi@1,0/disk@0:\boot\OS542.crc Erasing... 3ff40 Writing 6fd blocks 6fc Filling with cleanmarkers ... Done Booting into linux to restore user files.
[Linux boots up again]
....lots of kernel boot messages.... **** Restoring from backup **** *** Done ***
The machine powers off. Upgrade is complete.
Posibles problemas
- Instalación fallida. Solucion: descargue la nueva imagen de autoreinstalacion (olpc-auto.zip) en una nueva USB y trate de nuevo.
- Autenticación fallida! Solucion: apague, reinserte la USB de autoreinstalacion, presione los botones check y X (use el botton 'O' si usted no tiene el botón 'check') y mientras los sostiene prenda. Deje la USB adentro hasta que se vea el prompt de Sugar para colocar su nombre.
- La imagen en la laptop tienen una imagen superior a la de la USB. Solucion: use downgrading instructions below.
- Si el disco USB no esta particionado,las imagenes anteriores a la 552fallaran en activarse.
- Es mejor si la USB esta particionada pero:
- El tipo de la partición debe estar en concordancia con el tipo de sistema de archivos; un sistema FAT adentro de una particion marcada como ext2 no funcionara.
- Los archivos del updater deben estar en la partición marcada como "bootable", o si no hay ninguna, en la primera partición.
- Hay una situación donde el disco puede parecer tener una tabla de partición y también un sistema de archivos FAT empezando en el. Aun no somos capaces de soportar esta anómala situación
- Authentication failed! Solution: power off, reinsert the autoreinstallation USB key, hold down the X and the 'check' button (use the 'O' button if you don't have a check button) and while holding them turn the power on. Leave the USB key in until you get the Sugar prompt to enter your name.
- The image on the laptop has a higher build number than the image on the USB flash. Solution: use the downgrading instructions below.
- If the USB disk is not partitioned, builds before 552 will fail to activate.
- It is better if the USB disk is partitioned, but:
- The partition type must agree with the filesystem type; a FAT filesystem inside a partition marked ext2 won't work.
- The updater files should be in the partition that is marked as "bootable", or if there isn't one, in the first partition.
- There is a situation where a disk can appear to both have a partition table and also have a FAT file system starting in the first sector. We are not yet able to support this anomalous situation.
- We have seen some USB disks that take several seconds to detect. In those cases, hold the Game Key for 2+ sec or let the count down expire.
- The main files (olpc.fth, osNNN.img, osNNN.crc, usbupgos.img, usbupgrd.img, and q2XXX.rom) must be in the boot/ subdirectory.
- The current Open Firmware releases do not support USB keys that identify themselves as class "mass_storage/removable" – as opposed to the more common "mass_storage/scsi", which is supported. (A fix for this problem is in the release pipeline, but that doesn't help for upgrading from existing firmware.) The way to check for this is to insert your USB key, power-on the system and stop the auto-boot by typing the Esc key (upper left key) at the countdown. Then look at the list of "USB2 devices". If you see an entry like "/pci/usb@f,5/removable@1,0", your disk has the problem. (If you are running an old version of OFW that does not display the "USB2 devices" list automatically, type "show-devs /usb" to see the list.) The workaround procedure is below.
- The current firmware also fails with USB devices whose hardware sector size is not 512 bytes. To determine the sector size of your device, you can use fdisk on the device under Linux, and it will tell you when it first accesses the device if the sector size is not 512. The workaround is the same as for the "removable" problem, i.e. the procedure below.
- Many Multi-Function devices do not work.
- On an ATest board the X Server may fail to start up. You may need to provide a custom configuration.
Informando problemas
Si usted no es capaz de actualizar su imagen por favor dejenos saber:
- Desde que versión del sistema usted esta actualizando;
- Hacia que versión esta usted haciendo la actualización;
- Que tipo de máquina tiene (b1, b2-1, b2-2, b3, b4, etc);
- Que tipo de medio de instalación esta usted usando (USB, SD, otra cosa?);
- (Si usted sabe esto) como esta formateado su medio de instalación (FAT16, FAT32, ext2/3, etc) y particionado (no particion, una partition, etc).
- Siguió las instrucciones en el paso K (arriba) cuidadosamente para una máquina sin activar?
- Vio usted el siguiente texto en "posibles problemas": "Si el disco USB no esta particionado, los builds antes de 552 fallaran en ser activados."?
If you are unable to update your machine, please let us know:
- What version of the software you were upgrading from;
- What version you were upgrading to;
- What type of machine you have (b1, b2-1, b2-2, b3, b4, etc);
- What type of installation media you were using (USB flash key, SD card, something else?);
- (if you know this) how your installation media was formatted (FAT16, FAT32, ext2/3, etc) and partitioned (no partition, one partition, etc).
- Did you follow the instructions in Step K (above) carefully for an unactivated machine?
- Did you see the following text under "possible problems": "If the USB disk is not partitioned, builds before 552 will fail to activate."?
Solución para LinuxBIOS o Insyde BIOS
Solución para viejos sistemas B1
If you have a B1 system that has never been upgraded, it is very important to use this page's Autoreinstallation procedure for your first update; do not try to use the "netnandwrite" tool. The reason is that this procedure automatically fixes a manufacturing error in the identification data that was stored in the system firmware FLASH, and updates the firmware, neither of which is done by the network-based tool. Also, some old firmware will not update with the auto-update script. If the standard procedure above doesn't update, instead, follow these steps:
- Insert the autoupdater key;
- boot up the laptop and when it says "Press a key to interrupt" then press any key;
- at the Ok prompt type "flash disk:\boot\Q2E41.rom". The machine will turn off when finished.
- power up again and boot the autoupdater normally; (It will reflash the NAND with the new build.)
Algunos notas adicionales
Volver a versiones anteriores
Note: DO NOT DOWNGRADE Q2Cxx firmware to Q2Bxx firmware. This will destroy the manufacturing information. For details, see Firmware.
If you tried to load a build that is older than the one currently installed on your XO, then you will have gotten a message that the software is up to date. Follow this procedure to load an older version:
Volver automáticamente
Note: I don't believe this method works (the force.os didn't work for me). I have updated the manual version.
- Download the osNNN.img and osNNN.crc files for the old build into the boot/ directory of your autoreinstallation key. Make sure that the boot directory contains both the osNNN.img and osNNN.crc files to which you are downgrading, but not any newer os image.
- Create a new file in the boot subdirectory with the name 'force.os'. (It does not matter what is in it; it just matters that the subdirectory exists and has that name.) This will cause the autoreinstallation script to try to install the image in boot/, regardless of whether it is older or newer than the current build on your XO.
- Follow the standard autoreinstallation procedure above.
Volver manualmente
You can also downgrade by using the copy-nand command at the OK prompt.
copy-nand u:\boot\os525.img
After the copy, you need to activate your laptop:
- reboot the machine holding the 'X' and 'check' game-pad keys; (If your XO does not have a 'check' key, use the 'O' key.)
- leave the USB stick in while it writes the activation code.
(Note that automatic backup of user files will fail with this technique.)
Reinstalando la misma imagen
If you want to reinstall the *same* image you've currently got, you should find an earlier stable build, use the downgrade procedure, and then the standard upgrade procedure to your new image.
Reseteando al CE
There is a capacitor on the reset line of the EC that controls how long the reset signal is asserted. This capacitor is the wrong value so the reset timing is invalid. This means that when you reset the EC with the power enabled there is a good chance it will not boot correctly.
If the EC does not reset correctly then the laptop will not start. Any laptop that is earlier than CTest may have this problem.
The only way to guarantee that the EC is fully reset after you upgrade the firmware is to power it off. The only way to really power off the EC is to remove the external power and the battery. Even when the power to the laptop CPU is off the EC is still powered. The capacitors in the system will hold their charge for several seconds after you remove power. You have to wait 10 seconds to make sure that all the capacitors have discharged.
The reason you do not remove the USB disk is that when the laptop powers off the upgrade procedure is not finished. You still have to boot with the USB disk so that it updates the OS image.
Personalizando la Nand / Generando archivos CRC
Usted puede crear una imagen personalizada, pero usted necesitara luego generar un archivo CRC, por favor siga estas instrucciones:
git clone git://git.fedoraproject.org/git/pilgrim cd pilgrim/crcimg make ./crcimg myfile.img
La salida esta en myfile.crc
Cheat codes
Hay algunas opciones de booteo descritas aqui.