Translating/HowTo/lang-ja

This is an on-going translation

翻訳作業をややこしい作業にしている多くの問題があります。wiki自身の正に特長(原本が変化しやすい）が問題をややこしくしています。以下はwikiの中において均質な構造を維持するための手続きを示しています。以下の手続きが全ての人にさほど多くのオーバーヘッドを生ずることなく翻訳作業において協力を可能にしてくれることを願っています。

ステップバイステップ

wikiの観点からすると、翻訳ページを生成する基本的な３つのステップがあります：すなわち

1. ソースページの修正 — 該当ページがまだ一度も翻訳されていない場合;
2. 参照の追加 — 標準的的なやり方で翻訳ページを指定しリンクを張る; そして
3. 翻訳ページの状態設定 — いくつかの補助的な構造情報の追加.

多くの場合、翻訳者は最後の２つのステップをこなすだけでいいはずです。(翻訳の設定とリンクの追加）

あなたは知っておくべきページの構造 と、このページの最後のほうで 完全に仕上げられた例を見ることができます。

From the point-of-view of the wiki, there are basically three tasks to hook up a translated page:

1. modify the source page — if it has never been translated;
2. adding a reference — point/link to the translation in a standard way; and
3. conditioning the translated page — adding some helper structure.

Most of the time, translators will only deal with the last two steps (setting up and linking the translation).

You can see an overview of the relevant structure of a page, and a full finished example towards the end of this page.

元となるページの準備

翻訳者であるあなたはOLPCチームによって維持されているページの翻訳を考えていると仮定します。すなわち{{OLPC}}テンプレート—このページはページ群をCategory:Pages maintained by OLPCカテゴリにグループ分けするものです—への参照を有し、多くの場合導入用ページか各国のコミュニティにとって明らかにより有用な情報を含んでいるページです。

もし翻訳しようとしているページに言語バーがあったならば、#Modifying the language barの次の手続きにスキップして構いません。

[[Original page]]	(翻訳ページがまだ存在しない場合)
{{OLPC}} == Some header == Some text blah... blah... [[#Another header]] ... blah == Another header == Some other text blah... blah... [[Another page]] and [[Another page#section|section]] ... blah

言語バーの追加

ごく稀にではありますが、まだ誰も翻訳をしていないページを翻訳しようとすることがあるかもしれません。このような場合、オリジナルのページに翻訳ナビゲーションバーを追加する必要があります。

以下の例のように、オリジナルページの編集モードに入り、{{OLPC}}タグの下に{{Translations}}タグを追加してください。終わったら"save"を押して保存してから編集モードを抜けます。

[[Original page]]	(翻訳されたページがまだ存在しない場合)
{{OLPC}} {{Translations}} == Some header == Some text blah... blah... [[#Another header]] ... blah == Another header == Some other text blah... blah... [[Another page]] and [[Another page#section|section]] ... blah

/translationsページの準備

次に画面上に新たに表示されているバーにある[[Original page/translations]]というリンクをクリックして翻訳ページ群をグループ化してくれる特別なページを編集します。編集の内容は以下のような感じです。すなわち[[Original page/translations]]という文字列を追加して下さい。ここで"Original page"は翻訳をしようとしているページのタイトルで置き換えます。

"save"を押して保存して編集モードを抜けると、バーの中の文字が赤いリンクになっているはずです。これはリンク切れ・リンク破損を意味し、この次にあなたの翻訳作業を待っている状態です。なので心配しないで下さい。次のステップでこれを修正できます。

注意： あなたは翻訳ページに任意の名前をつけることができます。（例："The OLPC Wiki/lang-es"の代わりに"El Wiki de la OLPC"など）。実際のところ、

NOTE: Although you could give any name to the translated page (ie: instead of "The OLPC Wiki/lang-es" you could do "El Wiki de la OLPC"). As a matter of fact, there are quite some pages that follow that structure, but most of them are either left overs from when there wasn't a clear structure and way for adding translations. As mentioned in the translating pages, there are advantages to sticking with the /lang-xx structure, particularly because you can always create a #REDIRECT in the native language to your translated version.

言語バーの修正

言語バーは下にある例のような形になっています。通訳が可能なページは言語バーの右端に +/-と記してあるリンクがあります。（以下の例には表示なし）このリンクは言語バーの編集ページへと継ぎます。言語バーに新しい言語を追加する時などの際に新リンクを追加する場合は、この+/-リンクをたどって編集ページへ進んで下さい。そこで適当なコードを記入し新しい言語の追加などの編集作業を行う事ができます。

新しい言語ページへのリンクを追加する時に記入列を/lang-xxにともなった英字列の順序にするよう気をつけて下さい。（例えば、/lang-deは"english"より先行になりますので、その前に並びます。）言語リンクの間にあるセパレータ"|"の両側にはスペースがあるので、その事も忘れないで下さい。もっと詳しく知りたい時は通訳の説明をご覧下さい。

翻訳ページの準備

There are several ways that you can decide to actually translate a page. But there are some things that you want to keep in mind. First of all, you must declare it as a {{Translation}} (please note the use of the singular (plural is for the original page, that has many translations). Second, you want to keep navigation and linking within the translated pages easy. And finally, you may want to preserve the original text in the translation in order to simplify the review and maintenance.

The easiest way to set it up, is to go back to the original page, copy the wiki-text (in other words, either follow the edit (or view source if protected) and copy it fully and paste it to the new page.

Translation templateの追加

[[Original page]]	[[Original page/lang-xx]] (translated page name)
{{OLPC}} {{Translations}} == Some header == Some text blah... blah... [[#Another header]] ... blah == Another header == Some other text blah... blah... [[Another page]] and [[Another page#section|section]] ... blah	{{OLPC}} {{Translation | lang = xx | source = Original page | version = yyyy}} == Some header == Some text blah... blah... [[#Another header]] ... blah == Another header == Some other text blah... blah... [[Another page]] and [[Another page#section|section]] ... blah

For a full explanation of the parameters, see the Notes below, in short: lang — is the IANA language code (usually 2 letters, without any further segmentation—ie: instead of lang-pt-BR (brazilian portuguese), just lang-pt (portuguese)—just to keep things simple and neutral.

Ongoing Translation templateの追加

[[Original page]]	[[Original page/lang-xx]] (translated page name)
{{OLPC}} {{Translations}} == Some header == Some text blah... blah... [[#Another header]] ... blah == Another header == Some other text blah... blah... [[Another page]] and [[Another page#section|section]] ... blah	{{OLPC}} {{Translation | lang = xx | source = Original page | version = yyyy}} {{Ongoing Translation}} == Some header == Some text blah... blah... [[#Another header]] ... blah == Another header == Some other text blah... blah... [[Another page]] and [[Another page#section|section]] ... blah

The main purpose of the {{Ongoing Translation}} template is to inform the readers that a particular page is still not finished, therefore they can expect the presence of untranslated text or that it hasn't been reviewed enough and thus may not be quite done yet. Parallel to that notice to the reader, it does a grouping of them in the Ongoing Translation category thus allowing other translators to find them and collaborate, review, make comments, etc. on them.

章アンカーの退避

Many times, when translating you may find links between pages (translated or not) that point to a particular section. When translating this, you may find yourself either ignoring if the target page was translated, under which name if it was so, and last but not least, what is the translated header. That is not to mention the fact that maybe the translated header may be corrected or otherwise changed in future editions.

The solution is to avoid it altogether and let the original structure work for us (or almost).

[[Original page]]

[[Original page/lang-xx]] (translated page name)

{{OLPC}} {{Translations}} == Some header == Some text blah... blah... [[#Another header]] ... blah == Another header == Some other text blah... blah... [[Another page]] and [[Another page#section|section]] ... blah

{{OLPC}} {{Translation | lang = xx | source = Original page | version = yyyy}} {{Ongoing Translation}} {{anchor|Some header}} == Un titular == Algo de texto bla... bla... [[#Another header|Otro titular]] ... blah {{ Translated text | Some text blah... blah... [[#Another header]] ... blah | display = block}} {{anchor|Another header}} == Otro titular == Algo más de texto bla... bla... [[Another page/lang-xx|Otra página]] y [[Another page/lang-xx#section|sección]] ... bla {{ Translated text | Some other text blah... blah... [[Another page]] and [[Another page#section|section]] ... blah | display = block}}

Note how the links don't really change except for the embedding of the /lang-xx part and the addition of the translated visual of the link (ie: |translated visual]]). The biggest advantage of this technique is that translating a reference is as easy as adding the target language in it and giving it a sensible name to display it.

At the beginning, any link you 'translate' will actually point to a non-existing page, don't worry. Just follow the link and make it look like:

[[Another page/lang-xx]]
#REDIRECT [[Another page]] [[Category:Missing translation]]

This will serve three purposes, first the page will at least take the reader to the right page (albeit not in the correct language). Secondly, the Category will allow a simple way to check 'what is missing'. Finally, and using the What links here from the toolbox you can foind out how many references to the missing page exist, giving some sense of need for it and thus guiding the translating efforts.

wikiページの完全なサンプル

wikiページの改造

This 'sample' page includes all of the elements that require some level of consideration when translating

[[Original page]]

Notes on the structure

{{OLPC}} == Some header == Some text blah... blah... [[#Another header]] ... blah == Another header == Some other text blah... blah... [[Another page]] and [[Another page#section|section]] ... blah

== Some header ==  section headers act as anchors, and their translation is sensitive as they anchor incomming links. [[#Another header]]  intra-page section linking may be simple to maintain as it's within the same page (you can search&replace local references) but will break external inbound links if changed. [[Another page]]  the most common problem with links to other pages is to know how the page title has been translated... [[Another page#section|section]]  links to specific sections in other pages pose the conflated problem of knowing both the target page name and the section name's translations.

完全に仕上がった状態の例

[[Original page]]	[[Original page/lang-xx]] (translated page name)	Translated text deleted... (not really recommended)
{{OLPC}} {{Translations}} == Some header == Some text blah... blah... [[#Another header]] ... blah == Another header == Some other text blah... blah... [[Another page]] and [[Another page#section|section]] ... blah	{{OLPC}} {{Translation | lang = xx | source = Original page | version = yyyy}} {{Ongoing Translation}} {{anchor|Some header}} == Un titular == Algo de texto bla... bla... [[#Another header|Otro titular]] ... blah {{ Translated text | Some text blah... blah... [[#Another header]] ... blah | display = block}} {{anchor|Another header}} == Otro titular == Algo más de texto bla... bla... [[Another page/lang-xx|Otra página]] y [[Another page/lang-xx#section|sección]] ... bla {{ Translated text | Some other text blah... blah... [[Another page]] and [[Another page#section|section]] ... blah | display = block}}	{{OLPC}} {{Translation | lang = xx | source = Original page | version = yyyy}} {{anchor|Some header}} == Un titular == Algo de texto bla... bla... [[#Another header|Otro titular]] ... blah {{anchor|Another header}} == Otro titular == Algo más de texto bla... bla... [[Another page/lang-xx|Otra página]] y [[Another page/lang-xx#section|sección]] ... bla

Supporting pages:

[[Another page/lang-xx]]	[[Another page]]
#REDIRECT [[Another page]] [[Category:Missing translation]]	some untranslated page... maybe the content is mutating rapidly, or is peripheric to the main corpus, etc.

ノート

shortNativeName 

should be in the native language; español instead of spanish.

Translation templateノーツ

For the full documentation, please see Template:Translation.

lang 

This parameter identifies the target language of the translation. See IANA's lang codes.

It serves several purposes, and is used in several contexts although it should be done in a homogeneous way.

We are currently using ISO 639-1 codes (two-letter codes), although we should probably migrate to 639-3 (three letter codes).

source 

is the name of the page (not the link—in other words, without the enclosing square brackets).

version 

is a bit of a tricky until you understand it, but extremely helpful.

The number associated with the parameter comes from the original page, and has been made explicit in the blue language navigation bar at its right: [ID# yyyyy].

Pages in the wiki have a numeric id, and each edition creates a new ID. So when you start translating a page, you want to register which version you started from. When at some point the source page is modified, its current version will have a higher version number. If you follow the changes link in the translation blue bar, the system will report all the changes done in that page from the ID# you started from. Once you update the translation, do not forget to update the version # to match the latest sync'ed to number!

So when you compare the differences between two pages, internally you are comparing two IDs between them.

For example this diff is actually comparing two pages, NOT two versions of the same page—admitedly, they are very similar.

Translated textテンプレートノート

display 

is used to show or hide the enclosed translated text.

While doing the translation, it comes in handy for comparing the original with the translation. When finished, you can replace the block with none and the source text is not displayed. Although it adds quite a bit of text and 'noise' to the source of the translated page, it comes in handy when trying to update or synchronize it with any changes in the original page—after all, this IS a wiki and pages are supposed to mutate!