XO Korea/Core Ideas/Economics
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The table below is for Korea to measure economic achievements after adopting OLPC and its variations by the entire nation, but will be somewhat different from ordinary tables to measure national competitiveness.
Our goal to economic progress via deploying OLPC is to achieve sustainable welfare rather than sustainable growth. The current consumption and welfare of the USA citizens is NOT sustainable welfare not to mention of sustainable growth. Why? Imagine what the world will be if Chinese also come to enjoy the same consumption level as the USA.
Imagine what the world will be if the entire citizens in developing nations also come to enjoy the same consumption level as the USA.
Is it a sustainable consumption? or should most citizens in developing nations remain at the current consumption levels and starvation?
Not only Linux and Windows source code, but our civilization itself are too fat, needing some diet. Our goal is clear; to reach sustainable consumption rather than that sustainable only on deprived opportunities of developing nations.
OLPC is our motto. Billions of XO can be consumed by the entire world without destroying the earth or depriving the opportunities of others.
We are now modifying some items in the National Competitiveness Table produced by World Bank to measure progresses in Sustainable Welfare; Welfare not standing on the deprived opportunities of other nations.
Contents
- 1 Economic Performance - Domestic Economy
- 1.1 (1 ~ 11) Size, (12 ~ 18) Growth, (19 ~ 24) Wealth, (25 ~ 28) Forecasts
- 1.1.1 Gross domestic product (GDP):: US$ billions
- 1.1.2 GDP (PPP) Estimates; US$ billions at purchasing power parity
- 1.1.3 Private final consumption expenditure:: US$ billions
- 1.1.4 Private final consumption expenditure:: Percentage of GDP
- 1.1.5 Government final consumption expenditure:: US$ billions
- 1.1.6 Government final consumption expenditure:: Percentage of GDP
- 1.1.7 Gross domestic investment:: US$ billions
- 1.1.8 Gross domestic investment:: Percentage of GDP
- 1.1.9 Gross domestic savings:: US$ billions
- 1.1.10 Gross domestic savings:: Percentage of GDP
- 1.1.11 Economic sectors:: Breakdown as a percentage of GDP
- 1.1.12 Real GDP Growth:: Percentage change, based on national currency in constant prices
- 1.1.13 Real GDP Growth per capita:: Percentage change, based on national currency in constant prices
- 1.1.14 Private final consumption expenditure - real growth:: Percentage change, based on national currency in constant prices
- 1.1.15 Government final consumption expenditure - real:: growth Percentage change, based on national currency in constant prices
- 1.1.16 Gross domestic investment - real:: growth Percentage change, based on national currency in constant prices
- 1.1.17 Gross domestic savings - real:: growth Percentage change, based on national currency in constant prices
- 1.1.18 Resilience of the economy:: Resilience of the economy to economic cyclesis strong
- 1.1.19 GDP per capita:: US$ per capita
- 1.1.20 GDP (PPP) per capita:: Estimates; US$ per capita at purchasing power parity
- 1.1.21 Private final consumption expenditure per capita:: US$ per capita
- 1.1.22 Government final consumption expenditure per capita:: US$ per capita
- 1.1.23 Gross domestic investment per capita:: US$ per capita
- 1.1.24 Gross domestic savings per capita:: US$ per capita
- 1.1.25 Forecast:: Real GDP Growth:: Percentage change, based on national currency in constant prices
- 1.1.26 Forecast:: Inflation:: Percentage change
- 1.1.27 Forecast:: Unemployment:: Percentage of total labor force
- 1.1.28 28 Forecast:: Current account balance:: Percentage of GDP/GNP
- 1.2 International Trade
- 1.2.1 Current account balance:: US$ billions (minus sign = deficit)
- 1.2.2 Current account balance:: Percentage of GDP
- 1.2.3 Balance of trade:: US$ billions (minus sign = deficit)
- 1.2.4 Balance of trade:: Percentage of GDP
- 1.2.5 Balance of commercial services:: US$ billions (minus sign = deficit)
- 1.2.6 Balance of commercial services:: Percentage of GDP
- 1.2.7 Exports of goods:: US$ billions
- 1.2.8 Exports of goods:: Percentage of GDP
- 1.2.9 Exports of goods - real growth:: Percentage change based on US$ values
- 1.2.10 Exports of commercial services:: US$ billions
- 1.2.11 Exports of commercial services:: Percentage of GDP
- 1.2.12 Exports of commercial services - real growth:: Percentage change based on US$ values
- 1.2.13 Exports breakdown by economic sector:: Percentage of total exports
- 1.2.14 Imports of goods & commercial services:: US$ billions
- 1.2.15 Imports of goods & commercial services:: Percentage of GDP
- 1.2.16 Imports of goods & commercial services - real growth:: Percentage change based on US$ values
- 1.2.17 Imports breakdown by economic sector:: Percentage of total imports
- 1.2.18 Trade to GDP ratio:: (Exports = Imports) / (2 x GDP)
- 1.2.19 Terms of trade index:: Unit value of exports over unit value of imports (2000 = 100)
- 1.2.20 Tourism receipts:: International tourism receipts as a percentage of GDP
- 1.3 International Investment: (1 ~ 15) Investment, (16 ~ 17) Finance
- 1.3.1 Direct investment flows abroad:: US$ billions
- 1.3.2 Direct investment flows abroad:: Percentage of GDP
- 1.3.3 Direct investment stocks abroad:: US$ billions
- 1.3.4 Direct investment stocks abroad - real growth:: Percentage change based on US$ values
- 1.3.5 Direct investment flows inward:: US$ billions
- 1.3.6 Direct investment flows inward:: Percentage of GDP
- 1.3.7 Direct investment stocks inward:: US$ billions
- 1.3.8 Direct investment stocks inward - real growth:: Percentage change based on US$ values
- 1.3.9 Balance of direct investment flows:: US$ billions (flows abroad minus flows inward)
- 1.3.10 Balance of direct investment flows:: Percentage of GDP (flows abroad minus flows inward)
- 1.3.11 Net position in direct investment stocks:: US$ billions (stocks abroad minus stocks inward)
- 1.3.12 Net position in direct investment stocks:: Percentage of GDP (stocks abroad minus stocks inward)
- 1.3.13 Relocation threats of production:: Relocation of production is not a threat to the future of your economy
- 1.3.14 Relocation threats of R&D facilities:: Relocation of R&D facilities is not a threat to the future of your economy
- 1.3.15 Relocation threats of services:: Relocation of services is not a threat to the future of your economy
- 1.3.16 Portfolio investment assets:: US$ billions
- 1.3.17 Portfolio investment liabilities:: US$ billions
- 1.4 Employment
- 1.4.1 Employment:: Total employment in millions
- 1.4.2 Employment:: Percentage of population
- 1.4.3 Employment - growth:: Estimates:: percentage change
- 1.4.4 Employment by sector:: Percentage of total employment
- 1.4.5 Employment in the public sector:: Percentage of total employment
- 1.4.6 Unemployment rate:: Percentage of labor force
- 1.4.7 Long-term unemployment:: Percentage of labor force
- 1.4.8 Youth unemployment:: Percentage of labor force
- 1.5 Prices
- 1.5.1 Consumer price inflation:: Average annual rate
- 1.5.2 Cost-of-living index:: Index of basket of goods & services in major cities, excluding housing. New York City=100
- 1.5.3 Apartment rent:: 3-room apartment monthly rent in major cities, US$
- 1.5.4 Office rent:: Total occupation cost (US$/Sq.M per year)
- 1.1 (1 ~ 11) Size, (12 ~ 18) Growth, (19 ~ 24) Wealth, (25 ~ 28) Forecasts
- 2 Government Efficiency
- 2.1 Public Finance
- 2.1.1 Government budget surplus/deficit:: US$ billions
- 2.1.2 Government budget surplus/deficit:: Percentage of GDP
- 2.1.3 Total general government debt:: US$ billions
- 2.1.4 Total general government debt:: Percentage of GDP
- 2.1.5 Total general government debt - real growth:: Percentage change, based on national currency in constant prices
- 2.1.6 Central government domestic debt:: Percentage of GDP
- 2.1.7 Central government foreign debt:: Percentage of GDP
- 2.1.8 Interest payment:: Percentage of current revenue
- 2.1.9 Management of public finances:: Management of public finances over the next two years is likely to improve
- 2.1.10 Total reserves:: Including gold and official reserves (gold = SDR 35 per ounce)
- 2.1.11 General government expenditure:: Percentage of GDP
- 2.2 Fiscal Policy
- 2.2.1 Collected total tax revenues:: Percentage of GDP
- 2.2.2 Collected personal income tax:: On profits, income and capital gains, as a percentage of GDP
- 2.2.3 Collected corporate taxes:: On profits, income and capital gains, as a percentage of GDP
- 2.2.4 Collected indirect tax revenues:: Taxes on goods and services as a percentage of GDP
- 2.2.5 Collected capital and property taxes:: Percentage of GDP
- 2.2.6 Collected social security contribution:: Compulsory contribution of employees and employers as a percentage of GDP
- 2.2.7 Effective personal income tax rate:: Percentage of an income equal to GDP per capita
- 2.2.8 Corporate tax rate on profit:: Maximum tax rate, calculated on profit before tax
- 2.2.9 Consumption tax rate:: Standard rate of VAT / GST
- 2.2.10 EmployeeRs social security contribution rate:: Compulsory contribution as a percentage of an income equal to GDP per capita
- 2.2.11 EmployerRs social security contribution rate:: Compulsory contribution as a percentage of an income equal to GDP per capita
- 2.2.12 Real personal taxes:: Real personal taxes do not discourage people from working or seeking advancement
- 2.2.13 Real corporate taxes:: Real corporate taxes do not discourage entrepreneurial activity
- 2.2.14 Tax evasion:: Tax evasion does not hamper business activity
- 2.3 Institutional Framework - (1 ~ 7) Central Bank, (8 ~ 16) State Efficiency
- 2.3.1 Real short-term interest rate:: Real discount / bank rate
- 2.3.2 Cost of capital:: Cost of capital encourages business development
- 2.3.3 Interest rate spread:: Lending rate minus deposit rate
- 2.3.4 Country credit rating:: Rating on a scale of 0-100 assessed by the Institutional Investor Magazine ranking
- 2.3.5 Central bank policy:: Central bank policy has a positive impact on economic development
- 2.3.6 Exchange rate policy:: Exchange rate policy supports the competitiveness of enterprises
- 2.3.7 Exchange rate stability:: Parity change from national currency to SDR, 2005/2003
- 2.3.8 Policy direction of the government:: Policy direction of the government is consistent
- 2.3.9 Legal and regulatory framework:: The legal and regulatory framework encourages the competitiveness of enterprises
- 2.3.10 Adaptability of government policy:: Adaptability of government policy to changes in the economy is high
- 2.3.11 Government decisions:: Government decisions are effectively implemented
- 2.3.12 Political parties:: Political parties do understand today's economic challenges
- 2.3.13 Transparency:: Transparency of government policy is satisfactory
- 2.3.14 Public service:: The public service is independent from political interference
- 2.3.15 Bureaucracy:: Bureaucracy does not hinder business activity
- 2.3.16 Bribing and corruption:: Bribing and corruption do not exist in your economy
- 2.4 Business Legislation - (1 ~ 7) openness, (8 ~ 17) Competition and Regulations, (18 ~ 20) Labor Regulations
- 2.4.1 Customs' authorities:: Customs' authorities do facilitate the efficient transit of goods
- 2.4.2 Protectionism:: Protectionism does not impair the conduct of your business
- 2.4.3 Public sector contracts:: Public sector contracts are sufficiently open to foreign bidders
- 2.4.4 International transactions:: International transactions can be freely negotiated with foreign partners
- 2.4.5 Foreign investors:: Foreign investors are free to acquire control in domestic companies
- 2.4.6 Access to capital markets:: Access to capital markets (foreign and domestic) is easily available
- 2.4.7 Investment incentives:: Investment incentives are attractive to foreign investors
- 2.4.8 Government subsidies:: To private and public companies as a percentage of GDP
- 2.4.9 Subsidies:: Subsidies do not distort fair competition and economic development
- 2.4.10 Competition legislation:: Competition legislation is efficient in preventing unfair competition
- 2.4.11 Product and service:: legislation Product and service legislation does not deter business activity
- 2.4.12 Price controls:: Price controls do not affect pricing of products in most industries
- 2.4.13 Parallel economy:: Parallel (black-market, unrecorded) economy does not impair economic development
- 2.4.14 Regulation intensity:: Regulation intensity does not restrain the ability of companies to compete
- 2.4.15 Ease of doing business:: Ease of doing business is prevalent in your economy
- 2.4.16 Creation of firms:: Creation of firms is supported by legislation
- 2.4.17 Start-up days:: Number of days to start a business
- 2.4.18 Labor regulations:: Labor regulations (hiring/firing practices,etc.) do not hinder business activities
- 2.4.19 Unemployment:: legislation Unemployment legislation provides an incentive to look for work
- 2.4.20 Immigration laws:: Immigration laws do not prevent your company from employing foreign labor
- 2.5 Societal Framework
- 2.5.1 Justice:: Justice is fairly administered
- 2.5.2 Personal security and private property:: Personal security and private property are adequately protected
- 2.5.3 Risk of political instability:: The risk of political is very low
- 2.5.4 Social cohesion:: Social cohesion is a priority for the government
- 2.5.5 Income distribution - lowest 20%:: Percentage of household incomes going to lowest 20% of households
- 2.5.6 Income distribution - highest 20%:: Percentage of household incomes going to highest 20% of households
- 2.5.7 Discrimination:: Discrimination (race, gender, etc.) does not pose a handicap in society
- 2.5.8 Females in parliament:: Percentage of total seats in Parliament
- 2.5.9 Female positions:: Percentage of total legislators, senior officials and managers
- 2.5.10 Gender income ratio:: Ratio of estimated female to male earned income globally
- 2.5.11 Harassment Harassment (unethical behaviour, etc.) does not disturb the work environment
- 2.1 Public Finance
- 3 Business Efficiency
- 3.1 Productivity and Efficiency
- 3.1.1 Overall productivity (PPP):: Estimates:: GDP (PPP) per person employed, US$
- 3.1.2 Overall productivity:: GDP per person employed, US$
- 3.1.3 Overall productivity - real growth:: Estimates:: Percentage change of real GDP per person employed
- 3.1.4 Labor productivity (PPP):: Estimates:: GDP (PPP) per person employed per hour, US$
- 3.1.5 Agricultural productivity (PPP):: Estimates:: Related GDP (PPP) per person employed in agriculture, US$
- 3.1.6 Productivity in industry (PPP):: Estimates:: Related GDP (PPP) per person employed in industry, US$
- 3.1.7 Productivity in services (PPP):: Estimates:: Related GDP (PPP) per person employed in services, US$
- 3.1.8 Large corporations:: Large corporations are efficient by international standards
- 3.1.9 Small and medium-size enterprises:: Small and medium-size enterprises are efficient by international standards
- 3.2 Labor Market - ( ~ ) Costs, (~ ) Relations, ( ~ ) Availability of Skills
- 3.2.1 Compensation levels:: Estimates:: Total hourly compensation for manufacturing workers, US$
- 3.2.2 Unit labor costs in the manufacturing sector:: Percentage change
- 3.2.3 Remuneration in services professions:: Gross annual income including supplements such as bonuses, in US$
- 3.2.4 Remuneration of management:: Total base salary plus bonuses and long-term incentives, US$
- 3.2.5 Working hours:: Average number of working hours per year
- 3.2.6 Labor relations:: Labor relations are generally productive
- 3.2.7 Worker motivation:: Worker motivation is high in your economy
- 3.2.8 Industrial disputes:: Working days lost per 1,000 inhabitants per year (Average)
- 3.2.9 Employee training:: Employee training is a high priority in companies
- 3.2.10 Labor force:: Employed and registered unemployed
- 3.2.11 Labor force:: Percentage of population
- 3.2.12 Labor force growth:: Percentage change
- 3.2.13 Part-time employment:: Percentage of total employment
- 3.2.14 Female labor force:: Percentage of total labor force
- 3.2.15 Foreign labor force:: Percentage of total labor force
- 3.2.16 Skilled labor:: Skilled labor is readily available
- 3.2.17 Finance skills:: Finance skills are readily available
- 3.2.18 Brain drain:: Brain drain does not hinder competitiveness in your economy
- 3.2.19 Foreign high-skilled people:: Foreign high-skilled people are attracted by the business environment of your economy
- 3.2.20 International experience:: International experience of senior managers is generally significant
- 3.2.21 Competent senior managers:: Competent senior managers are readily available
- 3.3 Finance- ( ~ ) Bank Efficiency, ( ~ ) Stock Market Efficiency, ( ~ ) Finance Management
- 3.3.1 Banking sector assets:: Percentage of GDP
- 3.3.2 Credit:: Creditf lows easily from banks to businesses
- 3.3.3 Number of credit cards issued:: Per capita
- 3.3.4 Credit card transactions:: Number of transactions per capita
- 3.3.5 Investment risk:: Euromoney country credit-worthiness scale from 0-100
- 3.3.6 Venture capital:: Venture capital is easily available for business development
- 3.3.7 Banking and financial services:: Banking and financial services do support business activities efficiently
- 3.3.8 Retail banking:: Population /number of bank offices
- 3.3.9 Banking regulation:: Banking regulation does not hinder business development
- 3.3.10 Stock markets:: Stock markets provide adequate financing to companies
- 3.3.11 Stock market capitalization:: US$ billions
- 3.3.12 Stock market capitalization:: Percentage of GDP
- 3.3.13 Value traded on stock markets:: US$ per capita
- 3.3.14 Listed domestic companies:: Number of listed domestic companies
- 3.3.15 Stock market index:: Percentage change on index in national currency
- 3.3.16 Shareholders' rights:: Shareholders' rights are sufficiently protected
- 3.3.17 Financial institutions' transparency:: Financial institutions' transparency is sufficiently implemented
- 3.3.18 Cash flow:: Cash flow is generally sufficient to allow companies to self-finance
- 3.3.19 Corporate debt:: Corporate debt does not restrain the ability of enterprises to compete
- 3.3.20 Factoring:: Percentage of merchandise exports
- 3.4 Management Practices
- 3.4.1 Adaptability of companies:: Adaptability of companies to market changes is high
- 3.4.2 Ethical practices:: Ethical practices are implemented in companies
- 3.4.3 Credibility of managers:: Credibility of managers is prevalent in business
- 3.4.4 Corporate boards:: Corporate boards do supervise the management of companies effectively
- 3.4.5 Auditing and accounting practices:: Auditing and accounting practices are adequately implemented in business
- 3.4.6 Shareholder value:: Shareholder value is efficiently managed
- 3.4.7 Customer satisfaction:: Customer satisfaction is emphasized in companies
- 3.4.8 Entrepreneurship:: Entrepreneurship of managers is widespread in business
- 3.4.9 Marketing:: Marketing is conducted efficiently by enterprises
- 3.4.10 Social responsibility:: Social responsibility of business leaders is high towards society
- 3.4.11 Health, safety & environmental concerns:: Health, safety & environmental concerns are adequately addressed by management
- 3.5 Attitudes and Values
- 3.5.1 Attitudes toward globalization:: Attitudes toward globalization are generally positive in your economy
- 3.5.2 Image abroad:: The image abroad of your country/region encourages business development
- 3.5.3 National culture:: The national culture is open to foreign ideas
- 3.5.4 Flexibility and adaptability:: Flexibility and adaptability of people in your economy are high when faced with new challenges
- 3.5.5 Need for economic and social reforms:: The need for economic and social reforms is generally understood by people in your society
- 3.5.6 Values of society:: Values of society support competitiveness
- 3.5.7 Corporate values:: Corporate values take into account the values of employees
- 3.1 Productivity and Efficiency
- 4 Infrastructure
- 4.1 Basic Infrastructure
- 4.1.1 Land area:: Square kilometers ('000)
- 4.1.2 Arable area:: Square meters per capita
- 4.1.3 Urbanization:: Urbanization of cities does not drain economic resources
- 4.1.4 Population - market size:: Estimates in millions
- 4.1.5 Population under years:: Percentage of total population
- 4.1.6 Population over 65 years:: Percentage of total population
- 4.1.7 Dependency ratio:: Population under 15 and over 64 years old, divided by active population (15 to 64 years)
- 4.1.8 Roads:: Density of the network
- 4.1.9 Railroads:: Density of the network
- 4.1.10 Air transportation:: Number of passengers carried by main companies
- 4.1.11 Quality of air transportation:: Quality of air transportation encourages business development in your economy
- 4.1.12 Distribution infrastructure:: The distribution infrastructure of goods and services is generally efficient
- 4.1.13 Water transportation:: Water transportation (harbors, canals, etc.) meets business requirements
- 4.1.14 Maintenance and development:: Maintenance and development of infrastructure are adequately planned and financed
- 4.1.15 Energy infrastructure:: Energy infrastructure is adequate and efficient in your economy
- 4.1.16 Total indigenous energy production:: Millions MTOE
- 4.1.17 Total indigenous energy production per capita:: Millions MTOE per capita
- 4.1.18 Total indigenous energy production:: Percentage of total requirements in tons of oil equivalent
- 4.1.19 Total final energy consumption:: Millions MTOE
- 4.1.20 Total final energy consumption per capita:: Millions MTOE per capita
- 4.1.21 Energy intensity:: Commercial energy consumed for each dollar of GDP in kilojoules
- 4.1.22 Electricity costs for industrial clients:: US$ per kwh
- 4.2 Technological Infrastructure
- 4.2.1 Investment in telecommunications:: Percentage of GDP
- 4.2.2 Fixed telephone lines:: Number of main lines per 1000 inhabitants
- 4.2.3 International fixed telephone costs:: US$ per 3 minutes in peak hours to USA (for USA to Europe)
- 4.2.4 Mobile telephone subscribers:: Number of subscribers per 1000 inhabitants
- 4.2.5 Mobile telephone costs:: US$ per 3 minutes in peak hours (local)
- 4.2.6 Communications technology:: Communications technology (voice and data) meets business requirements
- 4.2.7 Computers in use:: Worldwide share / Source:: Computer Industry Almanac
- 4.2.8 Computers per capita:: Number of computers per 1000 people / Source:: Computer Industry Almanac
- 4.2.9 Internet users:: Number of internet users per 1000 people / Source:: Computer Industry Almanac
- 4.2.10 Internet costs:: Cost for hours dial-up per month, US$
- 4.2.11 Broadband subscribers:: Number of subscribers per 1000 inhabitants
- 4.2.12 Broadband costs:: US$ per 100 kbits/s per month
- 4.2.13 Information technology skills:: Information technology skills are readily available
- 4.2.14 Technological cooperation:: Technological cooperation is developed between companies
- 4.2.15 Development and application of technology:: Development and application of technology are supported by the legal environment
- 4.2.16 Funding for technological development:: Funding for technological development is generally sufficient
- 4.2.17 Technological regulation:: Technological regulation supports business development and innovation
- 4.2.18 High-tech exports:: US$ millions
- 4.2.19 High-tech exports:: Percentage of manufactured exports
- 4.2.20 Cyber security:: Cyber security is being adequately addressed by corporations
- 4.3 Scientific Infrastructure
- 4.3.1 Total expenditure on R&D:: US$ millions
- 4.3.2 Total expenditure on R&D:: Percentage of GDP
- 4.3.3 Total expenditure on R&D per capita:: US$ per capita
- 4.3.4 Business expenditure on R&D:: US$ millions
- 4.3.5 Business expenditure on R&D:: Percentage of GDP
- 4.3.6 Total R&D personnel nationwide:: Full-time work equivalent (FTE)
- 4.3.7 Total R&D personnel nationwide per capita:: Full-time work equivalent (FTE) per 1000 people
- 4.3.8 Total R&D personnel in business enterprise:: Full-time work equivalent (FTE)
- 4.3.9 Total R&D personnel in business per capita:: Full-time work equivalent (FTE) per1000 people
- 4.3.10 Basic research:: Basic research does enhance long-term economic development
- 4.3.11 Science degrees:: Percentage of total first university degrees in science and engineering
- 4.3.12 Scientific articles:: Scientific articles published by origin of author
- 4.3.13 Science in schools:: Science in schools is sufficiently emphasized
- 4.3.14 Youth interest in science:: Youth interest in science is strong
- 4.3.15 Nobel prizes:: Awarded in physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine and economics since 1950
- 4.3.16 Nobel prizes per capita:: Awarded in physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine and economics since 1950 per mio people
- 4.3.17 Patents granted to residents:: Number of patents granted to residents (average 2001 - 2003)
- 4.3.18 Securing patents abroad:: Number of patents secured abroad by country residents
- 4.3.19 Intellectual property rights:: Intellectual property rights are adequately enforced
- 4.3.20 Number of patents in force:: Per 100,000 inhabitants
- 4.3.21 Patent productivity:: Patents granted to residents / R&D personnel in business ('000s)
- 4.3.22 Legal environment:: The legal environment supports scientific research
- 4.4 Health and Environment
- 4.4.1 Total health expenditure:: Percentage of GDP
- 4.4.2 Public expenditure on health:: Percentage of total health expenditure
- 4.4.3 Health infrastructure:: Health infrastructure meets the needs of society
- 4.4.4 Life expectancy at birth:: Average estimate
- 4.4.5 Healthy life expectancy:: Average estimate
- 4.4.6 Medical assistance:: Number of inhabitants per physician and per nurse
- 4.4.7 Urban population:: Percentage of total population
- 4.4.8 Human development index:: Combines economic - social - educational indicators / Source:: Human Development Report
- 4.4.9 Health problems (AIDS, alcohol, drug abuse, etc.):: Health problems (AIDS, alcohol, etc.) do not have a significant impact on companies
- 4.4.10 Paper and cardboard recycling rate:: Percentage of apparent consumption
- 4.4.11 Waste water treatment plants:: Percentage of population served
- 4.4.12 Carbon dioxide emissions:: CO2 emissions in metric tons per one million US$ of GDP
- 4.4.13 Ecological footprint:: Area units per person, hectares of biologically productive space
- 4.4.14 Sustainable development:: Sustainable development is a priority in companies
- 4.4.15 Pollution problems:: Pollution problems do not seriously affect your economy
- 4.4.16 Environmental laws:: Environmental laws and compliance do not hinder the competitiveness of businesses
- 4.4.17 Quality of life:: Quality of life is high
- 4.5 Education
- 4.5.1 Total public expenditure on education:: Percentage of GDP
- 4.5.2 Pupil-teacher ratio (primary education):: Ratio of students to teaching staff
- 4.5.3 Pupil-teacher ratio (secondary education):: Ratio of students to teaching staff
- 4.5.4 Secondary school enrollment:: Percentage of relevant age group receiving full-time education
- 4.5.5 Higher education achievement:: Percentage of population that has attained at least tertiary education for persons 25 -34
- 4.5.6 Educational assessment:: PISA survey of 15-year olds
- 4.5.7 Educational system:: The educational system meets the needs of a competitive economy
- 4.5.8 University education:: University education meets the needs of a competitive economy
- 4.5.9 Illiteracy:: Adult (over years) illiteracy rate as a percentage of population
- 4.5.10 Economic literacy:: Economic literacy is generally high among the population
- 4.5.11 Education in finance:: Education in finance does meet the needs of enterprises
- 4.5.12 Language skills:: Language skills are meeting the needs of enterprises
- 4.5.13 Qualified engineers:: Qualified engineers are available in your labor market
- 4.5.14 Knowledge transfer:: Knowledge transfer is highly developed between companies and universities
- 4.1 Basic Infrastructure
Economic Performance - Domestic Economy
(1 ~ 11) Size, (12 ~ 18) Growth, (19 ~ 24) Wealth, (25 ~ 28) Forecasts
Gross domestic product (GDP):: US$ billions
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
GDP (PPP) Estimates; US$ billions at purchasing power parity
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Private final consumption expenditure:: US$ billions
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Private final consumption expenditure:: Percentage of GDP
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Government final consumption expenditure:: US$ billions
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Government final consumption expenditure:: Percentage of GDP
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Gross domestic investment:: US$ billions
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Gross domestic investment:: Percentage of GDP
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Gross domestic savings:: US$ billions
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Gross domestic savings:: Percentage of GDP
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Economic sectors:: Breakdown as a percentage of GDP
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Real GDP Growth:: Percentage change, based on national currency in constant prices
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Real GDP Growth per capita:: Percentage change, based on national currency in constant prices
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Private final consumption expenditure - real growth:: Percentage change, based on national currency in constant prices
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Government final consumption expenditure - real:: growth Percentage change, based on national currency in constant prices
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Gross domestic investment - real:: growth Percentage change, based on national currency in constant prices
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Gross domestic savings - real:: growth Percentage change, based on national currency in constant prices
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Resilience of the economy:: Resilience of the economy to economic cyclesis strong
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
GDP per capita:: US$ per capita
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
GDP (PPP) per capita:: Estimates; US$ per capita at purchasing power parity
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Private final consumption expenditure per capita:: US$ per capita
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Government final consumption expenditure per capita:: US$ per capita
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Gross domestic investment per capita:: US$ per capita
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Gross domestic savings per capita:: US$ per capita
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Forecast:: Real GDP Growth:: Percentage change, based on national currency in constant prices
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Forecast:: Inflation:: Percentage change
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Forecast:: Unemployment:: Percentage of total labor force
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
28 Forecast:: Current account balance:: Percentage of GDP/GNP
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
International Trade
Current account balance:: US$ billions (minus sign = deficit)
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Current account balance:: Percentage of GDP
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Balance of trade:: US$ billions (minus sign = deficit)
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Balance of trade:: Percentage of GDP
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Balance of commercial services:: US$ billions (minus sign = deficit)
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Balance of commercial services:: Percentage of GDP
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Exports of goods:: US$ billions
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Exports of goods:: Percentage of GDP
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Exports of goods - real growth:: Percentage change based on US$ values
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Exports of commercial services:: US$ billions
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Exports of commercial services:: Percentage of GDP
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Exports of commercial services - real growth:: Percentage change based on US$ values
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Exports breakdown by economic sector:: Percentage of total exports
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Imports of goods & commercial services:: US$ billions
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Imports of goods & commercial services:: Percentage of GDP
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Imports of goods & commercial services - real growth:: Percentage change based on US$ values
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Imports breakdown by economic sector:: Percentage of total imports
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Trade to GDP ratio:: (Exports = Imports) / (2 x GDP)
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Terms of trade index:: Unit value of exports over unit value of imports (2000 = 100)
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Tourism receipts:: International tourism receipts as a percentage of GDP
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
International Investment: (1 ~ 15) Investment, (16 ~ 17) Finance
Direct investment flows abroad:: US$ billions
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Direct investment flows abroad:: Percentage of GDP
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Direct investment stocks abroad:: US$ billions
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Direct investment stocks abroad - real growth:: Percentage change based on US$ values
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Direct investment flows inward:: US$ billions
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Direct investment flows inward:: Percentage of GDP
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Direct investment stocks inward:: US$ billions
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Direct investment stocks inward - real growth:: Percentage change based on US$ values
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Balance of direct investment flows:: US$ billions (flows abroad minus flows inward)
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Balance of direct investment flows:: Percentage of GDP (flows abroad minus flows inward)
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Net position in direct investment stocks:: US$ billions (stocks abroad minus stocks inward)
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Net position in direct investment stocks:: Percentage of GDP (stocks abroad minus stocks inward)
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Relocation threats of production:: Relocation of production is not a threat to the future of your economy
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Relocation threats of R&D facilities:: Relocation of R&D facilities is not a threat to the future of your economy
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Relocation threats of services:: Relocation of services is not a threat to the future of your economy
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Portfolio investment assets:: US$ billions
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Portfolio investment liabilities:: US$ billions
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Employment
Employment:: Total employment in millions
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Employment:: Percentage of population
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Employment - growth:: Estimates:: percentage change
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Employment by sector:: Percentage of total employment
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Employment in the public sector:: Percentage of total employment
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Unemployment rate:: Percentage of labor force
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Long-term unemployment:: Percentage of labor force
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Youth unemployment:: Percentage of labor force
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Prices
Consumer price inflation:: Average annual rate
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Cost-of-living index:: Index of basket of goods & services in major cities, excluding housing. New York City=100
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Apartment rent:: 3-room apartment monthly rent in major cities, US$
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Office rent:: Total occupation cost (US$/Sq.M per year)
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Government Efficiency
Public Finance
Government budget surplus/deficit:: US$ billions
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Government budget surplus/deficit:: Percentage of GDP
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Total general government debt:: US$ billions
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Total general government debt:: Percentage of GDP
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Total general government debt - real growth:: Percentage change, based on national currency in constant prices
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Central government domestic debt:: Percentage of GDP
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Central government foreign debt:: Percentage of GDP
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Interest payment:: Percentage of current revenue
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Management of public finances:: Management of public finances over the next two years is likely to improve
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Total reserves:: Including gold and official reserves (gold = SDR 35 per ounce)
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
General government expenditure:: Percentage of GDP
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Fiscal Policy
Collected total tax revenues:: Percentage of GDP
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Collected personal income tax:: On profits, income and capital gains, as a percentage of GDP
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Collected corporate taxes:: On profits, income and capital gains, as a percentage of GDP
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Collected indirect tax revenues:: Taxes on goods and services as a percentage of GDP
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Collected capital and property taxes:: Percentage of GDP
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Collected social security contribution:: Compulsory contribution of employees and employers as a percentage of GDP
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Effective personal income tax rate:: Percentage of an income equal to GDP per capita
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Corporate tax rate on profit:: Maximum tax rate, calculated on profit before tax
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Consumption tax rate:: Standard rate of VAT / GST
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
EmployeeRs social security contribution rate:: Compulsory contribution as a percentage of an income equal to GDP per capita
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
EmployerRs social security contribution rate:: Compulsory contribution as a percentage of an income equal to GDP per capita
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Real personal taxes:: Real personal taxes do not discourage people from working or seeking advancement
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Real corporate taxes:: Real corporate taxes do not discourage entrepreneurial activity
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Tax evasion:: Tax evasion does not hamper business activity
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Institutional Framework - (1 ~ 7) Central Bank, (8 ~ 16) State Efficiency
Real short-term interest rate:: Real discount / bank rate
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Cost of capital:: Cost of capital encourages business development
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Interest rate spread:: Lending rate minus deposit rate
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Country credit rating:: Rating on a scale of 0-100 assessed by the Institutional Investor Magazine ranking
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Central bank policy:: Central bank policy has a positive impact on economic development
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Exchange rate policy:: Exchange rate policy supports the competitiveness of enterprises
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Exchange rate stability:: Parity change from national currency to SDR, 2005/2003
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Policy direction of the government:: Policy direction of the government is consistent
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Legal and regulatory framework:: The legal and regulatory framework encourages the competitiveness of enterprises
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Adaptability of government policy:: Adaptability of government policy to changes in the economy is high
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Government decisions:: Government decisions are effectively implemented
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Political parties:: Political parties do understand today's economic challenges
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Transparency:: Transparency of government policy is satisfactory
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Public service:: The public service is independent from political interference
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Bureaucracy:: Bureaucracy does not hinder business activity
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Bribing and corruption:: Bribing and corruption do not exist in your economy
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Business Legislation - (1 ~ 7) openness, (8 ~ 17) Competition and Regulations, (18 ~ 20) Labor Regulations
Customs' authorities:: Customs' authorities do facilitate the efficient transit of goods
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Protectionism:: Protectionism does not impair the conduct of your business
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Public sector contracts:: Public sector contracts are sufficiently open to foreign bidders
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
International transactions:: International transactions can be freely negotiated with foreign partners
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Foreign investors:: Foreign investors are free to acquire control in domestic companies
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Access to capital markets:: Access to capital markets (foreign and domestic) is easily available
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Investment incentives:: Investment incentives are attractive to foreign investors
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Government subsidies:: To private and public companies as a percentage of GDP
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Subsidies:: Subsidies do not distort fair competition and economic development
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Competition legislation:: Competition legislation is efficient in preventing unfair competition
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Product and service:: legislation Product and service legislation does not deter business activity
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Price controls:: Price controls do not affect pricing of products in most industries
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Parallel economy:: Parallel (black-market, unrecorded) economy does not impair economic development
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Regulation intensity:: Regulation intensity does not restrain the ability of companies to compete
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Ease of doing business:: Ease of doing business is prevalent in your economy
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Creation of firms:: Creation of firms is supported by legislation
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Start-up days:: Number of days to start a business
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Labor regulations:: Labor regulations (hiring/firing practices,etc.) do not hinder business activities
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Unemployment:: legislation Unemployment legislation provides an incentive to look for work
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Immigration laws:: Immigration laws do not prevent your company from employing foreign labor
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Societal Framework
Justice:: Justice is fairly administered
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Personal security and private property:: Personal security and private property are adequately protected
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Risk of political instability:: The risk of political is very low
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Social cohesion:: Social cohesion is a priority for the government
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Income distribution - lowest 20%:: Percentage of household incomes going to lowest 20% of households
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Income distribution - highest 20%:: Percentage of household incomes going to highest 20% of households
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Discrimination:: Discrimination (race, gender, etc.) does not pose a handicap in society
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Females in parliament:: Percentage of total seats in Parliament
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Female positions:: Percentage of total legislators, senior officials and managers
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Gender income ratio:: Ratio of estimated female to male earned income globally
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Harassment Harassment (unethical behaviour, etc.) does not disturb the work environment
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Business Efficiency
Productivity and Efficiency
Overall productivity (PPP):: Estimates:: GDP (PPP) per person employed, US$
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Overall productivity:: GDP per person employed, US$
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Overall productivity - real growth:: Estimates:: Percentage change of real GDP per person employed
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Labor productivity (PPP):: Estimates:: GDP (PPP) per person employed per hour, US$
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Agricultural productivity (PPP):: Estimates:: Related GDP (PPP) per person employed in agriculture, US$
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Productivity in industry (PPP):: Estimates:: Related GDP (PPP) per person employed in industry, US$
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Productivity in services (PPP):: Estimates:: Related GDP (PPP) per person employed in services, US$
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Large corporations:: Large corporations are efficient by international standards
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Small and medium-size enterprises:: Small and medium-size enterprises are efficient by international standards
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Labor Market - ( ~ ) Costs, (~ ) Relations, ( ~ ) Availability of Skills
Compensation levels:: Estimates:: Total hourly compensation for manufacturing workers, US$
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Unit labor costs in the manufacturing sector:: Percentage change
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Remuneration in services professions:: Gross annual income including supplements such as bonuses, in US$
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Remuneration of management:: Total base salary plus bonuses and long-term incentives, US$
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Working hours:: Average number of working hours per year
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Labor relations:: Labor relations are generally productive
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Worker motivation:: Worker motivation is high in your economy
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Industrial disputes:: Working days lost per 1,000 inhabitants per year (Average)
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Employee training:: Employee training is a high priority in companies
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Labor force:: Employed and registered unemployed
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Labor force:: Percentage of population
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Labor force growth:: Percentage change
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Part-time employment:: Percentage of total employment
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Female labor force:: Percentage of total labor force
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Foreign labor force:: Percentage of total labor force
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Skilled labor:: Skilled labor is readily available
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Finance skills:: Finance skills are readily available
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Brain drain:: Brain drain does not hinder competitiveness in your economy
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Foreign high-skilled people:: Foreign high-skilled people are attracted by the business environment of your economy
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
International experience:: International experience of senior managers is generally significant
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Competent senior managers:: Competent senior managers are readily available
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Finance- ( ~ ) Bank Efficiency, ( ~ ) Stock Market Efficiency, ( ~ ) Finance Management
Banking sector assets:: Percentage of GDP
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Credit:: Creditf lows easily from banks to businesses
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Number of credit cards issued:: Per capita
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Credit card transactions:: Number of transactions per capita
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Investment risk:: Euromoney country credit-worthiness scale from 0-100
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Venture capital:: Venture capital is easily available for business development
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Banking and financial services:: Banking and financial services do support business activities efficiently
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Retail banking:: Population /number of bank offices
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Banking regulation:: Banking regulation does not hinder business development
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Stock markets:: Stock markets provide adequate financing to companies
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Stock market capitalization:: US$ billions
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Stock market capitalization:: Percentage of GDP
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Value traded on stock markets:: US$ per capita
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Listed domestic companies:: Number of listed domestic companies
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Stock market index:: Percentage change on index in national currency
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Financial institutions' transparency:: Financial institutions' transparency is sufficiently implemented
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Cash flow:: Cash flow is generally sufficient to allow companies to self-finance
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Corporate debt:: Corporate debt does not restrain the ability of enterprises to compete
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Factoring:: Percentage of merchandise exports
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Management Practices
Adaptability of companies:: Adaptability of companies to market changes is high
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Ethical practices:: Ethical practices are implemented in companies
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Credibility of managers:: Credibility of managers is prevalent in business
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Corporate boards:: Corporate boards do supervise the management of companies effectively
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Auditing and accounting practices:: Auditing and accounting practices are adequately implemented in business
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Customer satisfaction:: Customer satisfaction is emphasized in companies
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Entrepreneurship:: Entrepreneurship of managers is widespread in business
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Marketing:: Marketing is conducted efficiently by enterprises
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Social responsibility:: Social responsibility of business leaders is high towards society
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Health, safety & environmental concerns:: Health, safety & environmental concerns are adequately addressed by management
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Attitudes and Values
Attitudes toward globalization:: Attitudes toward globalization are generally positive in your economy
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Image abroad:: The image abroad of your country/region encourages business development
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
National culture:: The national culture is open to foreign ideas
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Flexibility and adaptability:: Flexibility and adaptability of people in your economy are high when faced with new challenges
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Need for economic and social reforms:: The need for economic and social reforms is generally understood by people in your society
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Values of society:: Values of society support competitiveness
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Corporate values:: Corporate values take into account the values of employees
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Infrastructure
Basic Infrastructure
Land area:: Square kilometers ('000)
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Arable area:: Square meters per capita
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Urbanization:: Urbanization of cities does not drain economic resources
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Population - market size:: Estimates in millions
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Population under years:: Percentage of total population
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Population over 65 years:: Percentage of total population
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Dependency ratio:: Population under 15 and over 64 years old, divided by active population (15 to 64 years)
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Roads:: Density of the network
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Railroads:: Density of the network
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Air transportation:: Number of passengers carried by main companies
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Quality of air transportation:: Quality of air transportation encourages business development in your economy
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Distribution infrastructure:: The distribution infrastructure of goods and services is generally efficient
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Water transportation:: Water transportation (harbors, canals, etc.) meets business requirements
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Maintenance and development:: Maintenance and development of infrastructure are adequately planned and financed
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Energy infrastructure:: Energy infrastructure is adequate and efficient in your economy
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Total indigenous energy production:: Millions MTOE
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Total indigenous energy production per capita:: Millions MTOE per capita
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Total indigenous energy production:: Percentage of total requirements in tons of oil equivalent
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Total final energy consumption:: Millions MTOE
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Total final energy consumption per capita:: Millions MTOE per capita
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Energy intensity:: Commercial energy consumed for each dollar of GDP in kilojoules
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Electricity costs for industrial clients:: US$ per kwh
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Technological Infrastructure
Investment in telecommunications:: Percentage of GDP
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Fixed telephone lines:: Number of main lines per 1000 inhabitants
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
International fixed telephone costs:: US$ per 3 minutes in peak hours to USA (for USA to Europe)
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Mobile telephone subscribers:: Number of subscribers per 1000 inhabitants
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Mobile telephone costs:: US$ per 3 minutes in peak hours (local)
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Communications technology:: Communications technology (voice and data) meets business requirements
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Computers per capita:: Number of computers per 1000 people / Source:: Computer Industry Almanac
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Internet users:: Number of internet users per 1000 people / Source:: Computer Industry Almanac
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Internet costs:: Cost for hours dial-up per month, US$
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Broadband subscribers:: Number of subscribers per 1000 inhabitants
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Broadband costs:: US$ per 100 kbits/s per month
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Information technology skills:: Information technology skills are readily available
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Technological cooperation:: Technological cooperation is developed between companies
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Development and application of technology:: Development and application of technology are supported by the legal environment
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Funding for technological development:: Funding for technological development is generally sufficient
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Technological regulation:: Technological regulation supports business development and innovation
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
High-tech exports:: US$ millions
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
High-tech exports:: Percentage of manufactured exports
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Cyber security:: Cyber security is being adequately addressed by corporations
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Scientific Infrastructure
Total expenditure on R&D:: US$ millions
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Total expenditure on R&D:: Percentage of GDP
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Total expenditure on R&D per capita:: US$ per capita
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Business expenditure on R&D:: US$ millions
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Business expenditure on R&D:: Percentage of GDP
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Total R&D personnel nationwide:: Full-time work equivalent (FTE)
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Total R&D personnel nationwide per capita:: Full-time work equivalent (FTE) per 1000 people
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Total R&D personnel in business enterprise:: Full-time work equivalent (FTE)
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Total R&D personnel in business per capita:: Full-time work equivalent (FTE) per1000 people
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Basic research:: Basic research does enhance long-term economic development
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Science degrees:: Percentage of total first university degrees in science and engineering
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Scientific articles:: Scientific articles published by origin of author
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Science in schools:: Science in schools is sufficiently emphasized
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Youth interest in science:: Youth interest in science is strong
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Nobel prizes:: Awarded in physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine and economics since 1950
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Nobel prizes per capita:: Awarded in physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine and economics since 1950 per mio people
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Patents granted to residents:: Number of patents granted to residents (average 2001 - 2003)
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Securing patents abroad:: Number of patents secured abroad by country residents
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Intellectual property rights:: Intellectual property rights are adequately enforced
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Number of patents in force:: Per 100,000 inhabitants
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Patent productivity:: Patents granted to residents / R&D personnel in business ('000s)
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Legal environment:: The legal environment supports scientific research
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Health and Environment
Total health expenditure:: Percentage of GDP
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Public expenditure on health:: Percentage of total health expenditure
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Health infrastructure:: Health infrastructure meets the needs of society
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Life expectancy at birth:: Average estimate
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Healthy life expectancy:: Average estimate
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Medical assistance:: Number of inhabitants per physician and per nurse
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Urban population:: Percentage of total population
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Human development index:: Combines economic - social - educational indicators / Source:: Human Development Report
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Health problems (AIDS, alcohol, drug abuse, etc.):: Health problems (AIDS, alcohol, etc.) do not have a significant impact on companies
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Paper and cardboard recycling rate:: Percentage of apparent consumption
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Waste water treatment plants:: Percentage of population served
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Carbon dioxide emissions:: CO2 emissions in metric tons per one million US$ of GDP
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Ecological footprint:: Area units per person, hectares of biologically productive space
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Sustainable development:: Sustainable development is a priority in companies
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Pollution problems:: Pollution problems do not seriously affect your economy
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Environmental laws:: Environmental laws and compliance do not hinder the competitiveness of businesses
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Quality of life:: Quality of life is high
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Education
Total public expenditure on education:: Percentage of GDP
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Pupil-teacher ratio (primary education):: Ratio of students to teaching staff
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Pupil-teacher ratio (secondary education):: Ratio of students to teaching staff
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Secondary school enrollment:: Percentage of relevant age group receiving full-time education
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Higher education achievement:: Percentage of population that has attained at least tertiary education for persons 25 -34
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Educational assessment:: PISA survey of 15-year olds
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Educational system:: The educational system meets the needs of a competitive economy
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
University education:: University education meets the needs of a competitive economy
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Illiteracy:: Adult (over years) illiteracy rate as a percentage of population
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Economic literacy:: Economic literacy is generally high among the population
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Education in finance:: Education in finance does meet the needs of enterprises
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Language skills:: Language skills are meeting the needs of enterprises
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Qualified engineers:: Qualified engineers are available in your labor market
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
Knowledge transfer:: Knowledge transfer is highly developed between companies and universities
- Year 2006
- Year 2007
- Year 2008
- Year 2009
- Year 2010
