Simplified user guide/lang-it
Please copy/paste "{{Translationlist | xx | origlang=en | translated={{{translated}}}}}" (where xx is ISO 639 language code for your translation) to Simplified user guide/lang-it/translations | HowTo [ID# 94863] +/- |
Documentazione > Guida utente semplificata
Vedi anche : Demo notes/542 e Demo notes/608
Dalla comunità, per la comunità: Introduzione al laptop XO
Il laptop XO è progettato per aiutare, te la tua famiglia, e la tua comunità per imparare e crescere. Gli strumenti e i giochi al suo interno sono pensati per esplorare, e per aiutare ad accrescere la tua conoscenza divertendoti. L'XO può aiutarti nel conoscere nuovi amici, sia nella tua area che in tutto il mondo. Un'intera comunità ha contribuito al progetto per la costruzione di questo computer e di tutto ciò che esso contiene.
Una delle ragioni per cui i progetti della comunità hanno avuto tale successo è che questi sono di aiuto. Il motivo per cui i progetti sono utili è dato dal tempo che le persone hanno impiegato per ampliarli o migliorarli. Con un tale approccio comunitario, c'è sempre qualcosa per tutti.
Una cosa importante da tenere a mente è che c'è un unico errore serio che puoi commettere sull'XO laptop: pensare che il tuo contributo può non essere utile. Come qualsiasi altro comune, il laptop XO possiede grandi potenzialità, ma ha anche stanze per essere migliorato. Idee e commenti sono uno dei più grandi doni che si possono fare. Non è necessario essere esperti, occorre soltanto essere disposti a condividere i propri pensieri. Sappiamo che la comunità è lieta di ascoltarli.
Ci auguriamo che l'XO laptop sia utile, e che potrai divertirti ed imparare da lui. La nostra massima aspirazione è che un giorno vi unirete a noi nel renderlo ancora migliore.
Tutti sono i benvenuti.
Riguardo i computer
Il tuo XO è un laptop.
Cos'è un computer? Un computer è uno strumento, una classe, un gioco, che offre un modo di comunicare con gli altri. Utilizza il tuo computer per imparare, per divertimento con giochi e immagini o per comunicare. Un computer può essere ciò che volete che sia. Molte persone utilizzano il computer per scrivere, per fare matematica, per fare arte, per giocare, per registrare suoni e immagini, per comunicare con altri, leggere e imparare.
Cosa può fare un XO? Il tuo XO può registrare storie, video, immagini, un intera libreria. Puoi sia ascoltare musica, che produrla. Contiene attività che puoi utilizzare per imparare la matematica, giocare, creare immagini, e comunicare con gli altri. L'interazione con l'XO avviene attraverso il touchpad, la tavoletta grafica, la tastiera il microfono o la videocamera.
Come funziona? Con il vostro XO, puoi capire come funziona leggendo e imparando le basi del computer, per poi conoscere l'hardware e il software.
Aprire l'XO
Fisicamente è possibile aprire, girare, e chiudere l'XO posizionandoli in modi diversi.
Per aprirlo, posizionare la maniglia a distanza da voi e sollevare entrambe le antenne su e poi verso di voi fino a quando i click del laptop si aprono. Sollevare lo schermo dalla tastiera; potrebbe essere necessario mantenere la tastiera, nel mentre si solleva il display.
- To open
- To flip
Avviare e stoppare l'XO
Quando premi il bottone di accensione, l'XO si avvia in circa due minuti, per poi chiederti il nome.
- To start up
Spegnere l'XO Quando hai finito ad utilizzare il computer, vai sulla Home view, e posiziona il cursore nel centro dell'icona di XO finché non vedi un menu. Scegli poi di riavviare o spegnere, affinché il laptop si spenga correttamente.
Connettere il tuo XO alla rete
Il tuo XO può connettersi sia alla rete che ad altri computer. L'XO può impiegare 5 minuti per trovare delle connessioni di retei. Mentre sta cercando, l'interno di un cerchio colorato lampeggia. Potrebbe essere necessario chiedere al vostro insegnante aiuto, se l'XO richiede l'inserimento di una chiave di accesso.
Quando sono disponibili più connessioni wireless, vai sulla Neighborhood View (Visualizzazione vicinato) e muovi il mouse sui cerchi finchè non trovi una connessione a cui agganciarti (e su cui hai la password o la chiave di accesso necessaria per connetterti). Fai click sul cerchio che rappresenta la rete wireless a cui vuoi connetterti. Saprai di essere connesso quando apparirà sul menu a tendina troverai la voce "Disconnetti".
Finchè il tuo XO rimane collegato, il bordo dell'icona lampeggierà.
Maggiori informazioni sulla connessione con l'XO:
- Se ti connetti ad una rete wireless, il tuo laptop diventa un punto nella rete; altri XO laptop nel raggio di 100 metri possono connettersi ad internet attraverso il tuo XO laptop.
- Allo stesso modo, se ci sono altri XO connessi ad internet nelle vicinanze, puoi connetterti a questo laptop XO e poi ad internet.
- Se non ci sono punti nella rete per accedere ad internet disponibili dopo 5 minuti di ricerca, il laptop si connette sul canale 1, che gli permetti di connettersi e comunicare semplicemente con altri laptop.
- Occorre essere pazienti; possono occorrere oltre 5 minuti per trovare una buona connessione.
Link correlati
La pulizia e la cura per il tuo XO
Benché il tuo XO è resistente, dovresti cercare di mantenerlo asciutto e pulito ed evitare di farlo cadere o di sedertici sopra. Se si sporca, strofinare con un panno umido ed asciugalo. Può sopravvivere dopo essersi bagnato durante una tempesta di pioggia, ma non immergerlo volontariamente tutto nell'acqua.
L'XO laptop non ha un disco rigido e soltanto due cavi interni, quindi è meno probabile che si rompa rispetto ai classici laptop. Per aumentare la robustezza, le pareti di plastica dell'XO sono più pesanti rispetto a quelle degli altri portatili. Le sue antenne per la rete mesh, chiamate "bunny ears" (orecchie da coniglio) hanno una migliore capacità rispetto i tipici laptop. Inoltre, fungono da riparo per le porte USB, che sono anche protette internamente. Delle protezioni interne proteggono lo schermo offrendo protezione.
Personalizzare il tuo XO
Quando avvii il tuo XO, vedrai una piccola O sopra ad una X. Questo simbolo rappresenta te quando stai utilizzando l'XO. Fai click su questo simbolo per scegliere il colore che più ti piace.
Evitare di smarrire l'XO
Anche se la maniglia dell'XO è abbastanza robusta per trasportarlo, potresti comunque inserirlo in una borsa con una bretella per trasportarlo più facilmente. Quando si avvia per la prima volta l'XO, se un server scolastico è disponibile, una scuola del server è disponibile, avviene una registrazione al server della scuola che fornisce ulteriore spazio per le immagini e le storie prodotte. Inoltre, per garantire che nessun altro può utilizzare il tuo XO, esso invia un codice di sicurezza che consente di rintracciare il vostro XO se necessario.
Copiare i contenuti dell'XO (backup)
Il tuo XO copierà automaticamente gli elementi del giornale sul server scolastico fornendo un modo di recuperare questa informazione. Questo processo di recupero ("back up") permettere in seguito alla perdita di una canzone, immagine o storia scritta, di riprenderla (recuperarla) dal server scolastico e rimetterla sul proprio laptop. Se pensi di aver perso qualcosa, chiedi al tuo insegnante di eseguire il comando di backup (recupero).
Se hai bisogno di sostituire per qualsiasi ragione il tuo laptop XO con uno nuovo, il tuo insegnante deve seguire queste istruzioni per copiare tutte le tue canzoni storie o altri files.
- (opzionale) Inserire la chiave USB dell'insegnante nel laptop, che identifica l'amministratore del server scolastico. Se è presente una chiave USB dell'insegnante, non devi inserire una password per lanciare il comando di recupero.
- Premi in sequenza Ctrl+Alt+F2, chiamata anche Group view key.
- Accedi utilizzando la username e la password di root.
- Sulla linea di comando, digita
identity-restore "nickname"
- Se la chiave USB dell'insegnante non è presente, si deve inserire la password per l' xoreg user sul server scolastico.
- Rientra nella console di Sugar premendo in sequenza Ctrl+Alt+F4, chiamata anche Activitiy view key.
Inoltre, nel Journal, si può fare click sul tab Backup tab e se il laptop è registrato ad un server scolastico, l'XO laptop copierà i files su di esso.
Link collegati Backup
Keeping information in the Journal
Use the Journal to view a collection of all your Activities on the laptop. Click the Journal icon at the bottom of the Activity Circle on the Home View. From the Journal, you can search by keyword and sort by activity or date. Clicking on an entry brings up a detail page from which you can resume an activity (by clicking on the Activity Icon or Key ) or copy its contents onto the clipboard (by pressing on the Copy Icon ).
The Journal also supports external media. When you plug a USB key into the XO, the contents from the USB key are entered into the datastore of the XO laptop to access using the Journal. Click on the USB icon to access the content. You can also drag and drop Journal entries on to or off of a USB key.
Related links
- OLPC Trial-2 Software Release Notes#Journal and Datastore
- Journal
- OLPC Human Interface Guidelines/The Laptop Experience/The Journal
- Journal and Overlays
- Educational activity guidelines#The Journal
- Tests/Journal
- Journal/Specifications
- 542 Demo Notes#Journal
Conserving disk space
Your XO laptop can store a limited number of files on its 1 GB flash disk drive. You should maintain your XO so that it does not run out of storage space for new files. You can delete some items by using the Journal Activity.
To clear out space for more files:
- Go to the Home view and click the Journal icon.
- Look for files that you can delete, such as old files or large files that you may have stored in another location.
- Select a file by clicking on its wide bar. This will give you a preview of the activity or file. If you want to delete it, click the Erase button (minus sign). If you want to resume using it, click on the large box on the right.
Charging the XO battery
Your XO needs power to run. Power is electricity, and there are two ways for your XO to get it: from its battery or from a power cord. A fully charged battery should run your XO laptop for about three hours.
Using Battery Power
Your battery is like a suitcase for electricity. When you first get your XO, the suitcase is empty, so you need to fill it up. That means you have to store some electricity in your battery before you can travel away from a cord.
The battery icon does not indicate the number of hours or minutes remaining for the XO to run. Instead, the icon displays a percentage of the battery life remaining.
The battery is attached to the underside of your XO.
Here's how to charge up the battery:
- Plug the power cord into your XO.
- Plug the other end of the power cord into the nearest power source, such as your school's generator. A car battery may also be used, with the proper voltage adapter.
Plugging in your XO
You can use your XO when you're charging the battery or when you have a good source for power. For power sources, you can use the generator supplied by the OLPC Project to your school or another source of electricity.
When to charge the battery
The battery icon fills with color, showing you the current charge, or amount of power in the suitcase. Move the cursor over the battery icon to see more information. Also, when the battery is charging, the battery light displays color from yellow to green. A red light tells you that the battery is running low and that you should charge it soon.
Removing / Replacing the battery
You shouldn't need to remove the battery, unless it is faulty.
To remove the battery:
- Switch off the XO.
- Close the lid, and turn the XO over, so that the XO logo appears on the underside.
- Slide the right-hand side catch further to the right. It will remain in place.
- Slide the left-hand side catch further to the left. Note that this catch is spring loaded -- you must hold it in the desired position.
- Lift the battery out from the central indentation between the two catches.
To replace the battery:
- Line up the four notches on the battery with the long edge furthest from the catches.
- Drop the battery into place.
- Slide the left-hand side catch to the left, and press the battery gently into place.
- Slide the right-hand side catch to the right, to lock the battery in place.
Related links
- Hardware specification#Battery
- Power Management
- Hardware specification
- Battery and power
- Battery Charging
Activities
- Learning is hard fun. —Seymour Papert
You can play with your XO laptop while you learn with it. There are plenty of Activities that are fun to play with while learning.
Chat
You can use your XO laptop to tell other people about your life, writing stories, taking pictures, writing music, and sharing any of those things with others. You can share by showing someone the screen in person, or you can share by sending files to other people. Your teacher also probably has ideas about how to share and collaborate with your classmates and your family to help you learn from others.
- To start Chat, click the Chat icon either in the Neighborhood View or in the Activities toolbar
.
- Advertise your Chat by clicking "Share with neighborhood", or invite specific people in the Neighborhood View to join your Chat with "Invite".
- Type text to tell your XO friends about your journey to school or about your favorite animal.
- You can save the text from a Chat conversation by clicking the Journal (where it says Keep).
- If you want to search for a previous conversation, use the Journal.
Browse
Your XO gives you tools to explore the world from where you sit. When you are connected to the network, you can read web pages from the Internet.
- Browse the Internet using a web browser.
- View the source of web pages by pressing Ctrl-U.
- See what's happening in the world with the News Reader.
- Play video and sounds.
Write
Express yourself.
- Make a journal to record your life experiences.
- Write a poem or one hundred poems.
- Compose a letter for someone you've never met.
- Create your own world or how you'd like our world to be.
Record
Use this activity to record your voice with the built-in microphone, or take pictures or video with the built-in XO camera. Speak to your XO while recording, and a built-in microphone and stereo speakers let you record and play back your voice or music recordings. With an external microphone and speaker jacks, you can turn your XO into a portable music player or speech recorder.
- Related links
- Take a photo by clicking the eye icon.
- Record sounds by clicking the Record tab, and then clicking Audio. Click the lips icon to start recording your voice or any sounds nearby.
- Switch to the Journal Activity to see thumbnails representing your pictures or videos or sound recordings.
- Related links
Draw
Express yourself through drawing. You can draw freehand using the paintbrush and pencil tools.
- Related links
TamTam
Use TamTam to make or play music and have fun.
TamTam Mini is a simple starting point for playing music
TamTam Edit is where you compose.
SynthLab is where you design complex sounds.
TamTam Jam is where you perform your music.
- Choose different instruments and right-click to assign a key to the track.
- Press a key in the Q row to play a sound (such as Q to N).
- Click the Play button to start a beat and then use the slider to speed up or slow down the tempo.
- Change the dynamics with louder or quieter sounds.
- Use the stored sounds or create your own.
- Share your creations with friends or play music with friends.
- Related links
EToys
- To start EToys, from the Frame, press the shooting-star icon
.
- Paint a picture.
- Record sounds around you.
- Share your drawings and pictures with buddies on your network.
- Design and make a car you would like to learn how to drive.
- Create objects of different weights and see how gravity works on them.
Turtle Art
Play with Turtle Art to draw colorful art patterns using a turtle that accepts programming instructions for movement. With visual programming elements, you can snap together programs in compilable ways to create anything you can imagine.
- Related links
Pippy
A tool for exploring programming concepts.
- Use the Pippy Activity to write your own programs using the Python programming language.
- You can make programs that do calculations, draw, or solve mathematical problems. Just type over one of the examples - the examples are always stored, and you can save your new code to the Journal to keep working on it later.
Calculate
Use the Calculator Activity for classic calculator functions such as add, subtract, divide and multiply, as well as scientific functions such as cos, sin, exp, and so on.
- Related links
Memorize
- Click a square in the top half of the grid and remember the sum.
- Click a square in the bottom half of the grid to match with the math problem shown in the first square you clicked.
- Click the Games tab and choose a new type of matching game from the list in the top frame.
Other memorization ideas
- Find patterns and remember them.
- Look for words you've never read before.
- Learn how to spell and pronounce them.
- Learn what they mean and how to use them.
Measure
A tool for exploring the physical world.
- Measure DC and AC voltages and observing them on a oscilloscope-like interface.
- Watch waveforms in frequency domain (like a spectrum analyzer).
- Log data at a specified time interval, and then draw the graph of logged data.
- With observations about water or bugs or leaves or trees, you can determine patterns and perhaps predictability in the natural world around you.
News Reader
Read subscriptions to newspapers or websites using the NewsReader Activity as an interface for viewing news feeds with RSS, or Really Simple Syndication information.
- Related links
Downloadable Activities
You can download new activities when you want to. Here's a short list of a few possibilities.
Read
Your XO laptop contains a library that offers many interesting reading materials in many languages. These books are sometimes called ebooks for electronic books, and Portable Document Format or PDF files work well. You might like to flip the laptop display so that it lays flat while reading ebooks.
- To use the reader, use the Browse Activity to download the .xo file from wiki.laptop.org.
- When the .xo file has downloaded, save it to your Journal.
- Go to your Journal, click on the Read.xo file. and click the Resume icon. The Read Activity should now be installed.
Quick Keyboard shortcuts
In the following shortcuts, the Ctrl and Alt keys are modifier keys that must be held while typing the shortcut. For instance, to type Alt–=, press and hold the Alt key, then press the equals key, then release both keys.
- Ctrl–C to copy
- Ctrl–V to paste
- Ctrl–X to cut
- Ctrl–U to view source while using the Browse Activity
- Ctrl–Esc to quit (Esc is the X in the upper-left corner of the keyboard)
- Ctrl–Alt–Erase to restart Sugar, the operating system for the XO
- Alt–1 to save snapshot of screen into the Journal
- F1 Neighborhood View Key
- F2 Group View Key
- F3 Home View Key
- F4 Activities View Key
- Alt–r to rotate the screen
- Ctrl–Alt–F1 to open console 1
- Ctrl–Alt–F2 to open console 2
- Ctrl–Alt–F3 to open X Windows (Sugar)
Related links
Keyboard Shortcuts
Viewing the XO screen in sunlight and adjusting the volume
The top row of the XO keyboard has three long buttons.
The long button on the far right controls the lighting and sound on the display.
The left two keys control the lighting.
- Press the small sun key to dim the backlight; press this key repeatedly to put the display into black and white mode, which saves power.
- Press the large sun key to increase the brightness of the backlight; press this key repeatedly to go to color mode.
- The two keys on the right of this long button control the sound.
- Press the small audio symbol to decrease the speaker volume, which also saves power.
- Press the large audio symbol to increase the speaker volume.
Being safe with the XO
Your XO laptop is checked for safety against the European Union's RoHS Directive which ensures that it contains no hazardous or unsafe materials. Its NiMH batteries contain no toxic heavy metals, plus it features enhanced battery management for an extended recharge-cycle lifetime. The XO also uses alternate power-charging sources, such as a car battery, with a modified adapter. Ask an adult for help with chargers other than the provided AC adapter.
You might also be concerned about protecting your XO laptop from a computer virus. The unique security system isolates each Activity so that a virus cannot easily infect the XO laptop. Currently you do not need to install separate anti-virus software or firewall software.
Please realize that the XO laptop is designed for easy-to-use wireless connection to the Internet and other networks, but you should be careful and ask your teacher or parent for help and protection. They need to know that "Internet access must be purchased separately through an independent Internet Service Provider (ISP). In selecting an ISP, you should remember that, in addition to the many wonderful sites and educational resources on the Internet and World Wide Web, there are places where you wouldn’t want your child to go and people you wouldn’t want your child to meet. That’s why many ISPs offer “filters” that assist you in monitoring and/or controlling your child’s Internet access. So your child can have a safe and healthful experience, OLPC FOUNDATION RECOMMENDS THAT YOU USE AN APPROPRIATE INTERNET FILTER, REMAIN INVOLVED IN YOUR CHILD’S USE OF THE INTERNET AND, OF COURSE, STAY ACTIVELY ENGAGED IN YOUR CHILD’S EDUCATION."
By our estimates, your XO should last at least five years. To help ensure such durability, take care of it well.
Related links
- The Frame
- The entire XO screen has a dark gray border called the frame. The left, top, and right sides of the frame represents nouns: persons, places, and things. The bottom of the frame represents those elements that require action: activities, invitations, and notifications.
- Bring the frame onto the screen by pushing the
key (an “empty rectangle” on it) on the upper right-hand corner of the keyboard or by moving the pointer to any corner of the screen
- Views (places)
- A view is another word for a place. You can open different views (places) by clicking on the pictures in the top left corner of the frame. The different views are Neighborhood view, Group view, Home view, and Activity view.
- Home View
- If you leave the Home View to engage in an Activity, you can return to the Home View at any time by pressing the Home Key (circle with one dot) on the keyboard or by clicking on the Home Icon (image), on the frame.
- Activity Circle
- The circle around the XO icon shows Activities that you are currently using on the XO. The Journal
icon is always at the bottom of the circle. You can resume an Activity by clicking on its icon in the circle. If you leave your Activity without closing it, you can resume your current Activity by pressing the Activity Key (circle with rectangle) on the keyboard. You can keep opening new Activities until the ring is full, but when the Activity Circle is full you cannot start any more Activities until you close some.
- Right side of the frame shows your XO buddies (image)
- The menu on the right-hand side of the frame contains the XO icons of the people with whom you are collaborating on XO online projects.
- Left side of the frame shows the clipboard
- The menu on the left side of the frame contains the icons for the clipboard. You can drag and drop most Activities on and off of the clipboard.
- Neighborhood View
- From the Neighborhood View (also called the Mesh View), you can see:
- who is currently on the network
- which activities and objects are being shared
- which networks are available
You can access the Neighborhood View by pressing the Neighborhood Key on the keyboard (circle with eight dots -- ) or by pressing the Neighborhood Icon on the frame.
Your XO icon appears in the center of the screen in the Neighborhood View. Moving your cursor over another XO icon brings up a menu that provides additional details (user's name) and actions you can take (add to list of Friends).
- Group View
- From the Group View, you can see which friends are on the network. You can access this view by pressing the Group Key (circle with three dots) on the keyboard or by pressing on the Group Icon on the frame.
- Adding a buddy
- Hovering over an XO icon creates a pop-up window with the name of the person associated with that icon and a menu that can be used to add this person to your Friend View as a friend. Move the cursor to and select "Make a Friend" to add this person.
- Related links
-
- Exploring the Home view
- Exploring the Group view
- Exploring the Neighborhood view
- Inviting a friend to an activity
- Sharing an activity in the Neighborhood view
- OLPC Human Interface Guidelines/The Laptop Experience/The Frame
- Demo notes
- Sugar Instructions
- 542 Demo Notes#Frame
- OLPC Human Interface Guidelines
- OLPC Human Interface Guidelines/The Laptop Experience/Zoom Metaphor
- OLPC Human Interface Guidelines/The Sugar Interface
Understanding XO Hardware
The XO laptop contains 256Mb of RAM and has 1Gb of flash disk space. Additionally, three USB sockets are available for external or portable storage devices, and with the wireless network, you can store additional files to your school's server or to other network storage locations. There is also flash storage expansion capability with an SD Card slot.
The XO laptop has a built-in microphone and the built-in video and still picture camera takes pictures of 640 x 480 resolution at 30 Frames Per Second (FPS).
The wireless networking capability uses an integrated 802.11b/g (2.4GHz) interface and it supports a unique 802.11s (Mesh) networking protocol in addition.
Understanding XO Activities
Activities are fun things to do and share on the XO. Start an Activity by clicking on the picture for it in the bottom part of the frame or click on Activity in the Activity Circle.
Exit an activity
Every activity has an Activity tab that includes a Stop Icon. Click this icon to exit the Activity. Press Ctrl-Esc to exit an Activity quickly. In the Journal, the Keep Icon keeps previous versions of the Activity.
You can rename a saved version of the Activity by typing into the text field on the Activity Tab.
Sometimes you can share the Activity with another user on the XO network by selecting "My Neighborhood" within the activity.
Joining an Activity
From the Neighborhood View, moving the cursor over an Activity icon and pressing the Enter key launches that Activity on your laptop as a collaboration. Details of the collaboration vary from one Activity to another.
Related links
- Software projects
- Software
- Software Release Notes#Software Release Notes
- Educational activity guidelines
- Software components
- Our software
- Activities
Installing new XO Activities
- From the Home view, launch Browse.
- Type wiki.laptop.org/go/Activities and press Enter.
- On the page, look for Activities and find a new one such as the Puzzle game as part of the MaMaMedia Creative Center.
- Download the .xo file by clicking on the file. In this example, you go to a second page. Download the .xo file by clicking the link on the resulting page.
- Downloading an .xo file
- Watch the countdown while the file downloads, and when the download is complete, click OK.
- Put your cursor in the upper left corner and then click Home.
- Click the Journal to launch the Journal Activity. From the Journal Activity, click the downloaded .xo file and then click the circle with a square in it.
- The laptop installs and then starts the Activity, adding a new icon in the bottom row so you can launch it from there next time.
- Enjoy your new Activity!
- Alternative ways of installing Activities might be:
- Placing a .xo file on an usb-stick, in Journal browsing to the stick, and then clicking on the Activity
- If you have a .xo file, running the command 'sugar-install-bundle filename.xo'
- Using xo-get
Getting support for your XO
An entire community built this XO and everything on it, and we want to help you with it. If you have any questions about the XO, ask your teacher for help, or search on the Internet. The wiki.laptop.org website contains helpful information for using and fixing your XO.
- Related links