Olpc-update: Difference between revisions
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[[olpc-update]] is a command-line program to update your system software. It preserves your [[Journal|files (journal)]] and [[activities]] you have installed. |
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== Simple Online upgrade == |
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</noinclude><includeonly>:''Main article: [[olpc-update]]''<p></includeonly>'''olpc-update''' is designed to work with even the worst internet connections, and will do no harm if it is interrupted during download. If you don't like your new software update, you can revert to the older version by holding down the '''O''' key on the game pad (between the right speaker and the power button) when you next turn the laptop on. |
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olpc-update can download the new version from the internet, or from a file on a [[USB drive]]. See [[Updating the XO]] for other update scenarios. |
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The old software version is erased the first time the new version is booted, but this can be prevented. |
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(Certain really old builds, like 656, can't olpc-update to recent builds. Check the release notes of a recent build to find out if olpc-update can be used from a really old build. If not, then you must install the recent build afresh.) |
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== What version do I have now? == |
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To tell what version of the system software you have, follow [[How to check the OS and firmware versions]]. |
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== Disk space requirements == |
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Due to its fail-safe design, olpc-update must store all of the changed files in the release that you are updating to, alongside the existing release that you are running, for a short time. olpc-update cannot complete if there is not enough disk space available. |
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If upgrading between minor releases within the same release series or between development releases in the same development stream, the space required will be low. However, if upgrading from one major release to another (e.g. [[10.1.3]] to [[11.2.0]]), you will probably need more than 300mb of disk space available (even though the upgrade process will finish with approximately the same amount of disk space available). |
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== How to upgrade == |
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See the [[Releases]] page for the releases that are available. The release notes for each recent release will explain exactly how to use olpc-update to update to that particular version. Be sure to read the release notes before starting the update. |
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The instructions below are generic. |
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=== Simple online update === |
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Note: You should always back up important files; e.g., to a USB drive or to a school server before updating, just in case. |
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</noinclude><includeonly>:''Main article: [[olpc-update]]''<p></includeonly>'''olpc-update''' is designed to work with even the worst internet connections, and will do no harm if it is interrupted during download. It will resume from where it left off, without having to download what it has already downloaded. |
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<noinclude><!--- Anyone who received a laptop through the [[G1G1]] program does not need to update their laptop at this time, ''unless'' they are currently experiencing issues. Most machines will be automatically upgraded when appropriate. Not sure this is true Katie ---></noinclude> |
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To manually upgrade your machine when a new version is released: |
To manually upgrade your machine when a new version is released: |
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# Plug the XO into an electrical outlet |
# Plug the XO into an electrical outlet |
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# Connect to the internet. If you are upgrading because you have a WPA [[hotspot]] at home, you might want to go to a [[hotspot#Public Hotpots|Public Hotspot]] to connect to the internet for an online upgrade, such as a [[T-Mobile]] hotspot or a local libary. <br>Firewall note: olpc-upgrade requires outgoing TCP PORT:873 to be unfiltered by the hotspot's firewall. In otherwords if the laptop has functional-access to the internet but olpc-upgrade returns the message "I don't think you're connected to the internet." check the hotspot's firewall is not blocking the outgoing TCP Port 873. |
# [http://www.laptop.org/en/laptop/start/connecting.shtml Connect to the internet]. If you are upgrading because you have a WPA [[hotspot]] at home, you might want to go to a [[hotspot#Public Hotpots|Public Hotspot]] to connect to the internet for an online upgrade, such as a [[T-Mobile]] hotspot or a local libary. <br>Firewall note: olpc-upgrade requires outgoing TCP PORT:873 to be unfiltered by the hotspot's firewall. In otherwords if the laptop has functional-access to the internet but olpc-upgrade returns the message "I don't think you're connected to the internet." check the hotspot's firewall is not blocking the outgoing TCP Port 873. |
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# |
# Start the '''[[Terminal Activity]]''' [[Image:Activity-terminal.svg|35px]] (or if you cannot do so, open a [[console]]) and type the following (press the Enter key after it): |
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sudo olpc-update ''build-identifier'' |
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[[su -l]] |
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olpc-update ''build-number'' <!-- reboot, verbose --> |
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The ''build-identifier'' is normally identified on the [[Releases|release notes]] of the release you are upgrading to. Historically, build identifiers were simple numbers (e.g. 802), for newer builds prefixes are used to separate between the different laptop models (e.g. 10.1.3_xo1.5-860). |
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Where |
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* in <tt>su -l</tt>, it's lower case "L", not the number "1" |
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Note: su does not work in terminal with some builds which require a password until you become "root". You can become "root" by pressing the "#_" icon at the top of the terminal screen. In some other builds you may need to type "sudo olpc-update ''build-number''" instead. |
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* <tt>build-number</tt> is the number of the build to be updated to. |
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If you get an error saying "command not found", type "su -", press enter and then "olpc-update ''build-identifier''" and press enter. For example: |
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: The latest stable build is [[OLPC 656 Software Release Notes|656]]. |
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su - |
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:* '''Please note that upgrading to build 656 may disassociate the external applications installed in the previous build.''' See [http://dev.laptop.org/ticket/6317 Trac #6317]. --[[User:Chihyu|Chihyu]] 13:26, 1 February 2008 (EST) |
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/usr/sbin/olpc-update 802 |
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:If you want to help test a new and highly experimental version of the XO software (unsupported as of yet), a [[Activation and Developer Keys|developer key]] is not needed ,you can then update to '''candidate-703'''. '''joyride-1914''' (30 April 2008 build) requires a developer key, contains experimental and test version software and may be unstable (for intrepid software testers and developers). |
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If |
If olpc-update successfully connects to the update server, some messages should display |
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Downloading contents of build ''build- |
Downloading contents of build ''build-identifier'' |
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Updating to version hash |
Updating to version hash ''xxxx'' |
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Making clean /versions/updates/... |
Making clean /versions/updates/... |
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Trying irsync_pristine update from rsync://updates.laptop.org/build-''build-number'' |
Trying irsync_pristine update from rsync://updates.laptop.org/build-''build-number'' |
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- Performing incremental rsync. |
- Performing incremental rsync. |
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Verifying update. |
Verifying update. |
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Installing update in /versions/{pristine,run}/ |
Installing update in /versions/{pristine,run}/''xxxx'' |
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Where |
Where ''xxxx'' is a version-specific number. |
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The olpc-update program uses several methods to update. If "irsync_pristine" fails, it will try "irsync dirty update", and then try "Performing full rsync". As long as the last method completes without errors, you're fine. |
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This process may take more than thirty minutes. When the process is complete, the XO will restart (if the <code>-r</code> option was passed to <code>olpc-update</code>) and the update will be complete. |
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This process may take more than thirty minutes. |
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<noinclude> |
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When the process is complete, you need to [[reboot]], unless you supplied the <code>-r</code> option to <code>olpc-update</code>. |
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If the new build includes newer [[firmware]], then your XO will reboot twice. |
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When the XO restarts the update will be complete. |
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After updating, you should run the Sugar activity updater from the control panel. If not, you may find that various activities are not working. |
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{{Developers}} |
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==Simple |
===Simple offline update=== |
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Unless you are running a very old release, you can also download the new release data onto a USB disk from an internet-connected computer, and then use olpc-update on an XO to perform the update, without requiring any internet connection. |
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===Before you begin=== |
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This page describes how to update the software image on your laptop. You can either update over the network, or from a USB flash key or disk. <font color=red>You must be using a B3 machine or better, and build 650 or better. NOTE: All G1G1 recipients have received C2 (also known as MP which is the latest model) these laptops have build 650</font>. There is also a method of restoring to [[Support_FAQ#How_can_I_restore_my_Give1Get1_XO_to_its_factory_configuration.3F| G1G1 (build 650) shipped defaults]]. If you've got an older machine or an older build, use the old [[Autoreinstallation image]] instructions (does not apply to G1G1). |
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==== Prepare a USB drive ==== |
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If you want to wipe out your journal and all content you've generated and restore your machine to a pristine state, please use the [[Activated Upgrade]] instructions. '''This is recommended for upgrades to build 653.''' |
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Your USB drive needs to be writable from the computer on which you'll download the files, and readable from a running XO (as <tt>/media/''YourDriveName</tt>). |
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== Quick Start == |
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{{Latest Releases | devel = inline}} |
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First, identify the build to which you want to update your system. To the right is a list of our latest releases. For most people, the numbered build after "Stable" (for example, "650") is what you should update to. <font color="red">If you have a [[Activation and Developer Keys|developer key]] for your machine</font>, and feel adventurous, you can try the latest developer build. Click on the 'devel_jffs2' link beside 'devel' in the box, and use the name at the top of the page, something like "joyride-1452". Ignore all this if you already know what you want to update to! |
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*(Note that ''/media'' changes to ''/run/media/olpc'' for Fedora 17 based builds used in 12.1.0 and later). |
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Now, you'll want to get a root shell on the machine. Open the 'Terminal' activity on your XO (or if you cannot do so, then type CTRL+ALT+F2 and type in root), and type: |
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==== Download .usb and .toc files onto USB ==== |
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sudo -i |
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Insert a USB drive into a computer connected to the Internet. |
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at the prompt. If you've set a password for the 'olpc' account, you may have to type it in. If you get an error message here, you're using a pre-update.1 build (or pre-joyride-1450); use |
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su - |
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instead to get your root shell. Either way, you should end up with a prompt with a # character in it. |
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If '''olpc-update''' returns 'command not found', then '''olpc-update''' is not in your current working search path. (i.e. Update.1) Instead type '''/usr/sbin/olpc-update''' for the command. |
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Go to the download.laptop.org site to fetch the [http://download.laptop.org/xo-1/os/official/ latest XO-1 release] or the [http://download.laptop.org/xo-1.5/os/official/ latest XO-1.5 release]. You need to download two files from the build's directory to the top directory of your USB drive: '''<code>os''NNN''.usb</code>''' and '''<code>os''NNN''.toc</code>''', where ''NNN'' is the numeric part of the build you are updating to. For example, if you are updating to build 711, the files would be named <code>os711.usb</code> and <code>os711.toc</code>; if you are updating to build joyride-1452, the files would be named <code>os1452.usb</code> and <code>os1452.toc</code>. |
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Now you have two choices: [[#Simple Online Upgrade|update over the network]], or download the build onto a [[#USB upgrade|USB key]] and update from that. |
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Right-click (Ctrl-click for Mac) on each of the two names and choose "Save Target As" ("Save Link As" for Firefox). Save both files to the USB drive. Do not open the files. |
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==== USB update ==== |
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<!--- |
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=== Network upgrade === |
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At your root prompt, type: |
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# Plug the XO into an electrical outlet |
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olpc-update <build-no> |
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# Insert your USB drive with the <tt>.toc</tt> and <tt>.usb</tt> files on it into your XO. |
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# Start the [[Terminal activity]] (or if you cannot do so, open the [[console]]), and enter: |
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sudo /usr/sbin/olpc-update --usb |
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If you get "command not found" errors, enter: |
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where <build-no> is the name of the build you would like. For example: |
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su - |
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/usr/sbin/olpc-update --usb |
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When olpc-update is finished, [[reboot]] to start using your new build. |
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olpc-update 650 |
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== Retention of previous versions == |
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for a stable build, or (if you've got a developer key) |
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As of release [[11.2.0]], olpc-update only keeps 1 software version available by default (i.e. the old version is deleted after booting into the new version for the first time). |
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olpc-update joyride-1453 |
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Older releases maintained two versions ("primary" and "alternate"), so that you could switch between the two (accepting any strange side effects caused by a software downgrade, not really supported by OLPC or the software that it ships). |
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When olpc-update is finished, you should reboot to start using your new build. |
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== Avoiding purge of previous versions == |
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The update mechanism preserves the build from which you ran the updater as an "alternate" image from which you can boot. To swap the "primary" and "alternate" images, hold the 'O' gamepad key during boot.---> |
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You can avoid olpc-update from deleting old versions in any situation by marking them as sticky, e.g. for build 802: |
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=== USB upgrade === |
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At your root prompt, type: |
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olpc-update --version |
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touch /versions/sticky/802 |
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(If the command is not found, perhaps /usr/sbin is not in your PATH, as is the case for example if you just typed "su" from the Terminal in at least some builds - you can put /usr/sbin into your PATH and try again.) |
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== Restoring a previous OS == |
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The first line of the response should be something like: |
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olpc-update 2.0, Copyright (C) 2007 One Laptop Per Child Association, Inc. |
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If you are using an old release where 2 versions are maintained, or if you are running a modern release and have requested olpc-update to not purge one of the versions, you can switch between the 2 versions as follows: |
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If you don't even have the --version option, or if it does not say that you are using at least version 2.0 of olpc-update, you will need to [[#Workaround: updating olpc-update|upgrade olpc-update]] before continuing. |
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# shutdown the XO |
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Now use the links in the "latest releases" box above to download two files to the top directory of your USB key: '''<code>osXYZ.usb</code>''' and '''<code>osXYZ.toc</code>''', where ''XYZ'' is the numeric part of the build you are updating to. For example, if you are updating to build 650, the files would be named <code>os650.usb</code> and <code>os650.toc</code>. If you are updating to build joyride-1452, the files would be named <code>os1452.usb</code> and <code>os1452.toc</code>. |
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# power-on ''while holding down the'' ' '''O''' ' ''gamepad key''. |
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# release the key when you're instructed to do so |
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# [[How_to_check_the_OS_and_firmware_versions|check the OS version]] |
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== Purging a previous OS == |
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Insert your USB key with these files on it into your XO. At your root prompt, type: |
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olpc-update --usb |
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If you have marked a version as sticky and now wish to remove it, or if you are running an old release where the old version is maintained and you wish to free up the disk space occupied by it, you can follow the example Terminal session log shown below. |
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When olpc-update is finished, you should reboot to start using your new build. |
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=== Identify what is present === |
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The update mechanism preserves the build from which you ran the updater as an "alternate" image from which you can boot. To swap the "primary" and "alternate" images, hold the 'O' gamepad key during boot. |
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List the available builds on the system. |
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== Workaround: updating olpc-update == |
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If you are using an old build, olpc-update might not be recent enough to let you update via USB, or update to a build containing a library. Here's how to upgrade olpc-update to allow you to use the processes described above. |
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# '''ls /versions/pristine/*/boot/olpc_build''' |
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From a [[su -l|root prompt]] on your XO (see above for information): |
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/versions/pristine/802/boot/olpc_build |
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# wget -P /tmp/X -r -np -nd http://dev.laptop.org/~cscott/olpc-update/ |
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/versions/pristine/ed3fcf7128610f1f6fe07890f2315742/boot/olpc_build |
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# rpm -Uvh --force /tmp/X/olpc*.rpm |
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# '''cat /versions/pristine/*/boot/olpc_build''' |
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802 |
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851 |
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This shows there are builds 802 and 851 available on the system. |
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Or, if you are working without a internet connection on the OLPC, go to http://dev.laptop.org/~cscott/olpc-update/ and download both files to your USB drive. Then with the USB drive inserted into the OLPC: |
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# rpm -Uvh --force /media/USB_Drive_Name/olpc*.rpm |
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=== Identify what is running === |
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Now: |
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# '''cat /boot/olpc_build''' |
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# olpc-update --version |
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851 |
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should tell you that you have version 2.5 of olpc-update. |
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This shows that the build currently running is build 851. |
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== More information == |
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Do not purge a build if it is the one running now — things break badly. |
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The olpc-update script works by transferring only the differences between builds from a USB key or across the internet link from an updates server. This makes updating easier, mostly quicker, and almost always with less data transfer. |
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=== Measure free space before purge === |
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As an example of the data efficiency gain, |
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# '''df /''' |
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*A full reinstallation from OS build 602 to 603 would normally take about 279Mb of download data, whereas ''olpc-update'' takes 16Mb of download data, |
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Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on |
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*A full reinstallation from OS build 603 to 608 would normally take 262Mb of download data, whereas ''olpc-update'' takes 6.5Mb of download data, |
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/dev/mtdblock0 1048576 708572 340004 68% / |
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*An ''olpc-update'' from OS build 602 to 625 takes 33Mb of download data. |
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This shows roughly 340004 KB available. |
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The time efficiency gain is less easy to characterize. It depends on the speed of the internet link, the speed of the updates server, and whether the update was able to use its server-friendly efficiency mode. An ''olpc-update'' from 602 to 603 cost under 17 minutes. |
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=== Purge the unused build === |
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The current updates server is updates.laptop.org. |
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# '''rm -rf /versions/pristine/''802'' /versions/contents/''802'' /versions/run/''802''''' |
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=== Usage === |
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Removes all the files of the unused build. Takes a few seconds. |
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In summary: |
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=== Measure free space after purge === |
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*Be connected to the internet, |
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*Log in as root, |
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*Type ''olpc-update NNN'' where NNN is the build number or name, |
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*Wait for the update to complete, |
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*Reboot. |
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# '''df /''' |
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==== What version am I running? ==== |
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Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on |
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/dev/mtdblock0 1048576 495944 552632 48% / |
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This shows roughly 552632 KB is available, a significant increase. |
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You can find the current version of your system software by typing "cat /boot/olpc_build" (a chattier version is at /etc/issue). |
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=== Verify builds present === |
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# '''ls /versions/pristine/*/boot/olpc_build''' |
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Ensure the laptop or the emulator is able to access the internet, by being connected an an access point, or via the mesh, or using an ethernet connection. |
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/versions/pristine/ed3fcf7128610f1f6fe07890f2315742/boot/olpc_build |
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# '''cat /versions/pristine/*/boot/olpc_build''' |
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851 |
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This shows only the one build is now present. |
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==== Run olpc-update ==== |
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There is no need to reboot or restart after purging the alternate build. |
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Normally you only need to run ''olpc-update'' with a build number, like this: |
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== More information == |
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# olpc-update 656 |
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The olpc-update script works by transferring only the differences between builds from a USB drive or across the internet link from an updates server. This makes updating easier, mostly quicker, and almost always with less data transfer. |
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or |
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# olpc-update joyride-1779 |
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There are other options. For example: |
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As an example of the data efficiency gain, |
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# olpc-update --help |
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*A full reinstallation from OS build 602 to 603 would normally take about 279Mb of download data, whereas ''olpc-update'' takes 16Mb of download data, |
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<pre><nowiki> |
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*A full reinstallation from OS build 603 to 608 would normally take 262Mb of download data, whereas ''olpc-update'' takes 6.5Mb of download data, |
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Usage: |
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*An ''olpc-update'' from OS build 602 to 625 takes 33Mb of download data. |
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olpc-update [options] --hints hints-file |
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olpc-update [options] [-rf] build-number |
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olpc-update [options] [-rf] --usb |
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olpc-update --version |
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olpc-update --help |
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The time efficiency gain is less easy to characterize. It depends on the speed of the internet link, the speed of the updates server, and whether the update was able to use its server-friendly efficiency mode. An ''olpc-update'' from 602 to 603 took under 17 minutes. |
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For example: |
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olpc-update 656 |
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olpc-update joyride-1779 |
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olpc-update update.1-700 |
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The current updates server is updates.laptop.org. |
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Options: |
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-h, --help show this help message and exit |
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-f, --full skip incremental update attempt. |
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--force force update to an unsigned build. |
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-r, --reboot reboot after a successful update. |
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--hints=FILE name of json-encoded hints dictionary identifying the desired |
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new version. |
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-u, --usb upgrade from new build on inserted USB stick. |
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-v display verbose progress information; repeat for more verbose |
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output. |
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-q, --quiet don't output anything; use exit status to indicate success. |
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--version display version and license information. |
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</nowiki></pre> |
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=== Update Targets === |
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There are several update targets available. There is usually one for each operating system build, and there are others for test builds and for Debian. To get a ''partial'' list of the available builds, use the command: |
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=== Advanced usage === |
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# rsync rsync://updates.laptop.org | sort |
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==== Update using another laptop ==== |
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'''Note that this does not list all the builds available.''' Instead, this just lists the builds which have been requested recently; the server loads new builds on demand and garbage collects old builds. |
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[kevix -- could someone comment what all those do? e.g. 'olpc-update debian' would do what on my xo?] |
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=== Update Using Another Laptop === |
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'''Warning: Advanced usage!''' |
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Q: How can I re-use the bits for multiple laptops, using a laptop? |
Q: How can I re-use the bits for multiple laptops, using a laptop? |
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Now on the TARGET laptop, use ''olpc-update'' to upgrade or downgrade to that build: |
Now on the TARGET laptop, use ''olpc-update'' to upgrade or downgrade to that build: |
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olpc-update --hints hints.json |
sudo olpc-update --hints hints.json |
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Several laptops can all be updated in the same way from one source with the same 'hints.json' file. |
Several laptops can all be updated in the same way from one source with the same 'hints.json' file. |
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=== Setting Up A Local Updates Server === |
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==== Setting up a local updates server ==== |
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'''Q''': How can I re-use the bits for multiple laptops, using a server? |
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The school server integrates with olpc-update. The [[XS-rsync]] component accepts software images and makes them available to olpc-update clients. |
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A dated, alternative solution is described at [[Upgrade Server]]. |
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'''A''': This feature is available for testing but is not yet released. |
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== For Developers == |
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The source code for the updates server is available at: |
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: http://dev.laptop.org/git?p=users/cscott/upgrade-server |
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Original specification: [[XO updater]] |
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Basic installation instructions can be found at [[Upgrade Server]]. |
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Source: |
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* git://dev.laptop.org/projects/olpc-update |
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* http://dev.laptop.org/git/projects/olpc-update |
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* http://dev.laptop.org/pub/source/olpc-update/ |
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Maintainer: [[User:DanielDrake]] |
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'''Q''': Where is the source? |
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olpc-update uses [[olpc-contents]] for most of the heavy lifting. |
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'''A''': The source repository for olpc-update is |
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: http://dev.laptop.org/git?p=users/cscott/olpc-update |
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It also uses code from the olpc-contents package: |
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: http://dev.laptop.org/git?p=users/cscott/olpc-contents |
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[[category:software]] |
[[category:software]] |
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[[Category:Package management]] |
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</noinclude> |
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[[Category:Update paths]] |
Latest revision as of 23:53, 17 December 2013
olpc-update is a command-line program to update your system software. It preserves your files (journal) and activities you have installed.
olpc-update can download the new version from the internet, or from a file on a USB drive. See Updating the XO for other update scenarios.
The old software version is erased the first time the new version is booted, but this can be prevented.
(Certain really old builds, like 656, can't olpc-update to recent builds. Check the release notes of a recent build to find out if olpc-update can be used from a really old build. If not, then you must install the recent build afresh.)
What version do I have now?
To tell what version of the system software you have, follow How to check the OS and firmware versions.
Disk space requirements
Due to its fail-safe design, olpc-update must store all of the changed files in the release that you are updating to, alongside the existing release that you are running, for a short time. olpc-update cannot complete if there is not enough disk space available.
If upgrading between minor releases within the same release series or between development releases in the same development stream, the space required will be low. However, if upgrading from one major release to another (e.g. 10.1.3 to 11.2.0), you will probably need more than 300mb of disk space available (even though the upgrade process will finish with approximately the same amount of disk space available).
How to upgrade
See the Releases page for the releases that are available. The release notes for each recent release will explain exactly how to use olpc-update to update to that particular version. Be sure to read the release notes before starting the update.
The instructions below are generic.
Simple online update
Note: You should always back up important files; e.g., to a USB drive or to a school server before updating, just in case.
olpc-update is designed to work with even the worst internet connections, and will do no harm if it is interrupted during download. It will resume from where it left off, without having to download what it has already downloaded.
To manually upgrade your machine when a new version is released:
- Plug the XO into an electrical outlet
- Connect to the internet. If you are upgrading because you have a WPA hotspot at home, you might want to go to a Public Hotspot to connect to the internet for an online upgrade, such as a T-Mobile hotspot or a local libary.
Firewall note: olpc-upgrade requires outgoing TCP PORT:873 to be unfiltered by the hotspot's firewall. In otherwords if the laptop has functional-access to the internet but olpc-upgrade returns the message "I don't think you're connected to the internet." check the hotspot's firewall is not blocking the outgoing TCP Port 873. - Start the Terminal Activity
(or if you cannot do so, open a console) and type the following (press the Enter key after it):
sudo olpc-update build-identifier
The build-identifier is normally identified on the release notes of the release you are upgrading to. Historically, build identifiers were simple numbers (e.g. 802), for newer builds prefixes are used to separate between the different laptop models (e.g. 10.1.3_xo1.5-860).
If you get an error saying "command not found", type "su -", press enter and then "olpc-update build-identifier" and press enter. For example:
su - /usr/sbin/olpc-update 802
If olpc-update successfully connects to the update server, some messages should display
Downloading contents of build build-identifier Updating to version hash xxxx Making clean /versions/updates/... Trying irsync_pristine update from rsync://updates.laptop.org/build-build-number - Cleaning tree. - Fetching contents. - Performing incremental rsync. Verifying update. Installing update in /versions/{pristine,run}/xxxx
Where xxxx is a version-specific number.
The olpc-update program uses several methods to update. If "irsync_pristine" fails, it will try "irsync dirty update", and then try "Performing full rsync". As long as the last method completes without errors, you're fine. This process may take more than thirty minutes.
When the process is complete, you need to reboot, unless you supplied the -r
option to olpc-update
.
If the new build includes newer firmware, then your XO will reboot twice.
When the XO restarts the update will be complete.
After updating, you should run the Sugar activity updater from the control panel. If not, you may find that various activities are not working.
Simple offline update
Unless you are running a very old release, you can also download the new release data onto a USB disk from an internet-connected computer, and then use olpc-update on an XO to perform the update, without requiring any internet connection.
Prepare a USB drive
Your USB drive needs to be writable from the computer on which you'll download the files, and readable from a running XO (as /media/YourDriveName).
- (Note that /media changes to /run/media/olpc for Fedora 17 based builds used in 12.1.0 and later).
Download .usb and .toc files onto USB
Insert a USB drive into a computer connected to the Internet.
Go to the download.laptop.org site to fetch the latest XO-1 release or the latest XO-1.5 release. You need to download two files from the build's directory to the top directory of your USB drive: osNNN.usb
and osNNN.toc
, where NNN is the numeric part of the build you are updating to. For example, if you are updating to build 711, the files would be named os711.usb
and os711.toc
; if you are updating to build joyride-1452, the files would be named os1452.usb
and os1452.toc
.
Right-click (Ctrl-click for Mac) on each of the two names and choose "Save Target As" ("Save Link As" for Firefox). Save both files to the USB drive. Do not open the files.
USB update
- Plug the XO into an electrical outlet
- Insert your USB drive with the .toc and .usb files on it into your XO.
- Start the Terminal activity (or if you cannot do so, open the console), and enter:
sudo /usr/sbin/olpc-update --usb
If you get "command not found" errors, enter:
su - /usr/sbin/olpc-update --usb
When olpc-update is finished, reboot to start using your new build.
Retention of previous versions
As of release 11.2.0, olpc-update only keeps 1 software version available by default (i.e. the old version is deleted after booting into the new version for the first time).
Older releases maintained two versions ("primary" and "alternate"), so that you could switch between the two (accepting any strange side effects caused by a software downgrade, not really supported by OLPC or the software that it ships).
Avoiding purge of previous versions
You can avoid olpc-update from deleting old versions in any situation by marking them as sticky, e.g. for build 802:
touch /versions/sticky/802
Restoring a previous OS
If you are using an old release where 2 versions are maintained, or if you are running a modern release and have requested olpc-update to not purge one of the versions, you can switch between the 2 versions as follows:
- shutdown the XO
- power-on while holding down the ' O ' gamepad key.
- release the key when you're instructed to do so
- check the OS version
Purging a previous OS
If you have marked a version as sticky and now wish to remove it, or if you are running an old release where the old version is maintained and you wish to free up the disk space occupied by it, you can follow the example Terminal session log shown below.
Identify what is present
List the available builds on the system.
# ls /versions/pristine/*/boot/olpc_build /versions/pristine/802/boot/olpc_build /versions/pristine/ed3fcf7128610f1f6fe07890f2315742/boot/olpc_build # cat /versions/pristine/*/boot/olpc_build 802 851
This shows there are builds 802 and 851 available on the system.
Identify what is running
# cat /boot/olpc_build 851
This shows that the build currently running is build 851. Do not purge a build if it is the one running now — things break badly.
Measure free space before purge
# df / Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev/mtdblock0 1048576 708572 340004 68% /
This shows roughly 340004 KB available.
Purge the unused build
# rm -rf /versions/pristine/802 /versions/contents/802 /versions/run/802
Removes all the files of the unused build. Takes a few seconds.
Measure free space after purge
# df / Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev/mtdblock0 1048576 495944 552632 48% /
This shows roughly 552632 KB is available, a significant increase.
Verify builds present
# ls /versions/pristine/*/boot/olpc_build /versions/pristine/ed3fcf7128610f1f6fe07890f2315742/boot/olpc_build # cat /versions/pristine/*/boot/olpc_build 851
This shows only the one build is now present.
There is no need to reboot or restart after purging the alternate build.
More information
The olpc-update script works by transferring only the differences between builds from a USB drive or across the internet link from an updates server. This makes updating easier, mostly quicker, and almost always with less data transfer.
As an example of the data efficiency gain,
- A full reinstallation from OS build 602 to 603 would normally take about 279Mb of download data, whereas olpc-update takes 16Mb of download data,
- A full reinstallation from OS build 603 to 608 would normally take 262Mb of download data, whereas olpc-update takes 6.5Mb of download data,
- An olpc-update from OS build 602 to 625 takes 33Mb of download data.
The time efficiency gain is less easy to characterize. It depends on the speed of the internet link, the speed of the updates server, and whether the update was able to use its server-friendly efficiency mode. An olpc-update from 602 to 603 took under 17 minutes.
The current updates server is updates.laptop.org.
Advanced usage
Update using another laptop
Q: How can I re-use the bits for multiple laptops, using a laptop?
A: Imagine that you have two laptops, one is called SOURCE and the other TARGET.
On the SOURCE laptop, add an rsyncd.conf file to /etc:
[contents] path = /versions/contents uid = root gid = root [pristine] path = /versions/pristine uid = root gid = root
Then start rsync --daemon there.
On the TARGET laptop, use rsync to check access and identify the build that is available:
SOURCE=10.0.0.1 rsync rsync://${SOURCE}/contents
Where 10.0.0.1 is the IP address or domain name of the SOURCE laptop.
Take note of the build identifier. It will be a hexadecimal hash, 64 characters long.
On the TARGET laptop, create an appropriate 'hints' file:
export SOURCE=10.0.0.1 export BUILD=dd44...597f python2.5 >>> import os, bitfrost.util.json as json >>> hints = ('%(BUILD)s' % os.environ, 'normal', [('rsync','rsync://%(SOURCE)s/pristine/%(BUILD)s' % os.environ)]) >>> open('hints.json','w').write(json.write(hints)) >>> exit()
Now on the TARGET laptop, use olpc-update to upgrade or downgrade to that build:
sudo olpc-update --hints hints.json
Several laptops can all be updated in the same way from one source with the same 'hints.json' file.
Setting up a local updates server
The school server integrates with olpc-update. The XS-rsync component accepts software images and makes them available to olpc-update clients.
A dated, alternative solution is described at Upgrade Server.
For Developers
Original specification: XO updater
Source:
- git://dev.laptop.org/projects/olpc-update
- http://dev.laptop.org/git/projects/olpc-update
- http://dev.laptop.org/pub/source/olpc-update/
Maintainer: User:DanielDrake
olpc-update uses olpc-contents for most of the heavy lifting.