XO 1.75 A2: Difference between revisions

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== Description ==
== Description ==


The A2 are the second prototypes of the [[Hardware#XO_1.75|XO-1.75]] built. They use the larger pitch (0.65 mm) version of the Marvell Armada 610 SOC, change the board outline to match that of XO-1.5, and support either an internal eMMC chip or a full-sized SD card.
The A2 are the second prototypes of the [[Hardware#XO_1.75|XO-1.75]] built. They use the larger pitch (0.65 mm) version of the Marvell Armada 610 SOC, change the board outline to match that of [[Hardware#XO_1.5|XO-1.5]], and support either an internal eMMC chip or a full-sized SD card.


The number of boards obtained will be small, and distribution will be limited to hardware testing and [[Open_Firmware|OFW]] and Linux kernel driver development.
The number of boards obtained will be small, and distribution will be limited to hardware testing and [[Open_Firmware|OFW]] and Linux kernel driver development.
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== Identification ==
== Identification ==


* Although these were bare circuit boards, with no case or display, most developers obtain one pre-assembled into an earlier XO laptop enclosure with all peripherals attached. They should be marked as "XO-1.75 A2" with a serial number handwritten in the battery compartment.
*Bare circuit board, no case or display


Photographs:
Photographs:


If you [[Disassembly_top|disassemble the laptop (instructions)]], you will see:
⚫
[[Image:XO1.75_A2_mobo_annotated.jpg|600px|center]]

⚫
[[Image:XO1.75_A2_mobo_annotated.jpg|600px|center|Annotated image of XO-1.75 motherboard]]


* [[Media:XO1.75_A2_mobo_top.jpg|Photo of motherboard]]
* [[Media:XO1.75_A2_mobo_top.jpg|Photo of motherboard]]
Line 21: Line 23:


XO-1.75 use Q4xxx firmware releases. These will not work on an XO-1 or XO-1.5. For the first time, Open Firmware is provided as part of the Linux image, and the EC firmware is separate.
XO-1.75 use Q4xxx firmware releases. These will not work on an XO-1 or XO-1.5. For the first time, Open Firmware is provided as part of the Linux image, and the EC firmware is separate.
The current firmware release for A2 is [[OLPC_Firmware_q4a11|Q4A11]].
The current firmware release for A2 is [[OLPC_Firmware_q4a13|Q4A13]].


'''It is strongly recommended that you have two sources of power (a charged battery and an external power source) when you upgrade your EC or Open Firmware.''' Failure to do so may require the use of an SPI programmer to recover your laptop.
'''It is strongly recommended that you have two sources of power (a charged battery and an external power source) when you upgrade your EC or Open Firmware.''' Failure to do so may require the use of an SPI programmer to recover your laptop.
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===Upgrading OFW===
===Upgrading OFW===


Place a recent release of the Q4XYY firmware onto an SD device, and place it in the external SD slot.
To upgrade the version of [[Open Firmware]], place a recent release of the Q4XYY firmware onto an SD device, and place it in the external SD slot.


Interrupt the OFW boot process by pressing the ESC key.
Interrupt the [[Open Firmware|Open Firmware (OFW)]] boot process by pressing the ESC key.


Type (assuming a q4a11 release):
Type (assuming a q4a11 release):
flash ext:\q4a11.rom
flash ext:\q4a11.rom


Reboot by holding down the power button once this is completed.
Reboot by holding down the power button once this is completed. If you need to do this to a bare motherboard, you can use the flash! command.

When upgrading from q4a12 or earlier to q4a13, you will need to manually patch OFW to ignore an earlier code signature:
patch noop ?image-valid $get-file


===Upgrading the EC code===
===Upgrading the EC code===


'''Requires version q4a13.rom or later of Open Firmware'''
This is currently being debugged. The reliable way of upgrading the EC code involves in-circuit reprogramming of the EC SPI Flash ROM using an SPI programmer.

Download the latest EC code from: [http://dev.laptop.org/pub/ec/ http://dev.laptop.org/pub/ec/]. It should be prefixed by "cl2" (e.g. cl2-4.0.0.6.img). Place this file on a USB stick or SD card, and insert it into the laptop being reprogrammed.


From OFW, type:
The ultimate goal is reprogramming via the host/EC EDI (ENE Debug interface) interface.
flash-ec u:\your_filename.img


===Upgrading Linux===
===Upgrading Linux===


A Linux image for the A2 is available at [http://build.laptop.org/F12-arm/os1/ http://build.laptop.org/F12-arm/os1/].
A Linux image for the A2 is available at [http://build.laptop.org/F12-arm/os3/ http://build.laptop.org/F12-arm/os3/].

⚫
====Installing from Open Firmware====
'''Note that a problem with the USB Hub causes problems with the fs-update command when a USB key is used as the source ([http://dev.laptop.org/ticket/10632 ticket 10632])'''


⚫
====Installing from OpenFirmware====
You will need the .zd version of the OS image. Download it, then:
You will need the .zd version of the OS image. Download it, then:
# Place the image on an SD card, and insert it into the XO-1.75 laptop's external SD slot.
# Place the image on an SD card, and insert it into the XO-1.75 laptop's external SD slot.
# Get the [[Ok]] prompt,
# Get the [[Ok]] prompt,
# Install onto the internal SD card, type:
# Install onto the internal SD card, type:
fs-update ext:\os1.zd
fs-update ext:\os3.zd


====Installing from Linux using an XO-1.5====
====Installing from Linux using an XO-1.5====
To install on an XO-1.5, boot an XO-1.5 to Linux, insert the SD card in the XO-1.5 external slot, then:
To install on an XO-1.5, boot an XO-1.5 to Linux, insert the SD card in the XO-1.5 external slot, then:
zcat os1.img.gz > /dev/mmcblk1
zcat os3.img.gz > /dev/mmcblk1
... and then power down, remove the SD card, and insert in the XO-1.75.
... and then power down, remove the SD card, and insert it in the XO-1.75.


====Installing from OpenFirmware using an XO-1.5====
====Installing from Open Firmware using an XO-1.5====
You will need the .zd version of the OS image. Download it, then:
You will need the .zd version of the OS image. Download it, then:
# Place the image on a USB stick, and insert it into the XO-1.5 laptop's USB port.
# Place the image on a USB stick, and insert it into the XO-1.5 laptop's USB port.
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There is a [[XO_1.75_A2_ECOs|list of recommended modifications (ECOs)]].
There is a [[XO_1.75_A2_ECOs|list of recommended modifications (ECOs)]].
[[Image:Mitch_A2_bringup.JPG|200px|right]]
[[Image:Mitch_A2_bringup.JPG|200px|right|Mitch at A2 bringup]]


===Using USB in OFW===
===WLAN card===


XO-1.75 require the new, +1.8V tolerant, WLAN card. '''Do not place the WLAN card from an pre-production or early production XO-1.5 in an XO-1.75!''' It will release its smoke and stop working.
⚫
Open Firmware now only sees USB devices if they are plugged in when the laptop is turned on. If they are inserted after it been powered on, OFW will not detect them.


The WLAN card used for XO-1.5 production since Sept. 2010 is a +1.8V tolerant WLAN card. We have a supply of these at 1CC for prototypes.
A corollary to this is that removing a USB device after the laptop has been turned on, but before Linux boots, will terminally confuse OFW.

===Kernel Crash during boot===

A persistant problem with the XO-1.75 OS builds is that the presence of an SD card in the external SD slot when the system is booting from the internal SD or the eMMC will cause the kernel to crash as it can't find the root device (<trac>10550</trac> & <trac>10610</trac>). The solution is simply to remove the card from the external SD slot until Linux has booted.

If you see this problem and there is no card present in the external SD slot, please log it as an instance of <trac>10611</trac>.


===Selecting the internal SD===
===Selecting the internal SD===


Only one of the internal SD slot and the eMMC may be used at any time. Which will be used is selected by a jumper (R342). If R342 is shorted (or R341 is depopulated and R342 populated), the internal SD card is selected. If R342 is depopulated, the eMMC device is selected.
Only one of the internal SD slot and the eMMC may be used at any time. Which will be used is selected by a jumper (R342). By default, the eMMC device is selected.


⚫
'''Most laptops have an [[XO_1.75_A2_ECOs#Internal_SD_Selection|ECO]] which allows automatic SD card selection.''' This is indicated by a blue wire which ties R342 to pin 10 of the internal SD slot. If an internal SD card is present on these laptops, it will be used. If no card is inserted in the internal SD slot, the onboard eMMC will be used.
'''By default, the eMMC device is selected'''


If R342 is shorted (or R341 is depopulated and R342 populated), the internal SD card is selected. If R342 is depopulated, the eMMC device is selected.
⚫
On some laptops, a blue wire may tie (the non-grounded side of) R342 to pin 10 of CN21 (the internal SD slot) or TP117. If an internal SD card is present on these laptops, it will be used. On these laptops, eMMC used if no card is inserted in the internal SD slot.


===ISP of OFW SPI Flash===
===ISP of OFW SPI Flash===


The connector for in-circuit programming of the OFW SPI Flash has MOSI and MISO swapped. If you are trying to in-circuit program this part, MOSI should go to J2 pin 1, and MISO should go to J2 pin 4.
The connector for in-circuit programming of the OFW SPI Flash has MOSI and MISO swapped. If you are trying to in-circuit program this part, MOSI should go to J2 pin 1, and MISO should go to J2 pin 4.

===Blinking Battery/Power lights===

If, immediately after an EC firmware upgrade, you start seeing the battery/power light constantly cycle on and off, you probably need to clear the "Restore" jumper on the EC. This jumper is an unpopulated power resistor, R339, on the ''bottom'' side right above the EC. On many boards, it is shorted with solder due to us forgetting to reserve the solder paste there. Clean the solder off and the board should boot fine.

===Using USB in OFW (fixed)===

⚫
Open Firmware versions prior to Q4A13 only see USB devices if they are plugged in when the motherboard is turned on. If they are inserted after it been powered on, OFW will not detect them. A corollary to this is that removing a USB device after the laptop has been turned on, but before Linux boots, will terminally confuse OFW.

===No Touchpad (fixed)===

EC versions earlier than cl2-4.0.0.6 do not properly support the touchpad. Please upgrade to the latest version!


== Documentation ==
== Documentation ==
Line 107: Line 135:
== Followed by ==
== Followed by ==


* [[XO_1.75_B1|B1]]
* [[XO_1.75_A3|A3]]


== Preceded by ==
== Preceded by ==


* [[XO_1.75_A1|A1]]
* [[XO_1.75_A1|A1]]
== Changes ==
* [[XO1.75_A1_A2_Changes]]
* [[XO_1.75_A2_ECOs]]
* [[XO1.75_A2_A3_Changes]]


[[Category:Hardware]]
[[Category:Hardware]]

Latest revision as of 00:13, 7 October 2012

  This page is monitored by the OLPC team.

XO-1.75 Laptop Alpha test model 2, also known as A-test or A2.

Description

The A2 are the second prototypes of the XO-1.75 built. They use the larger pitch (0.65 mm) version of the Marvell Armada 610 SOC, change the board outline to match that of XO-1.5, and support either an internal eMMC chip or a full-sized SD card.

The number of boards obtained will be small, and distribution will be limited to hardware testing and OFW and Linux kernel driver development.

Identification

  • Although these were bare circuit boards, with no case or display, most developers obtain one pre-assembled into an earlier XO laptop enclosure with all peripherals attached. They should be marked as "XO-1.75 A2" with a serial number handwritten in the battery compartment.

Photographs:

If you disassemble the laptop (instructions), you will see:

Annotated image of XO-1.75 motherboard

Software Support

XO-1.75 use Q4xxx firmware releases. These will not work on an XO-1 or XO-1.5. For the first time, Open Firmware is provided as part of the Linux image, and the EC firmware is separate. The current firmware release for A2 is Q4A13.

It is strongly recommended that you have two sources of power (a charged battery and an external power source) when you upgrade your EC or Open Firmware. Failure to do so may require the use of an SPI programmer to recover your laptop.

Upgrading OFW

To upgrade the version of Open Firmware, place a recent release of the Q4XYY firmware onto an SD device, and place it in the external SD slot.

Interrupt the Open Firmware (OFW) boot process by pressing the ESC key.

Type (assuming a q4a11 release): 

 flash ext:\q4a11.rom

Reboot by holding down the power button once this is completed. If you need to do this to a bare motherboard, you can use the flash! command.

When upgrading from q4a12 or earlier to q4a13, you will need to manually patch OFW to ignore an earlier code signature: 

 patch noop ?image-valid $get-file

Upgrading the EC code

Requires version q4a13.rom or later of Open Firmware

Download the latest EC code from: http://dev.laptop.org/pub/ec/. It should be prefixed by "cl2" (e.g. cl2-4.0.0.6.img). Place this file on a USB stick or SD card, and insert it into the laptop being reprogrammed.

From OFW, type: 

 flash-ec u:\your_filename.img

Upgrading Linux

A Linux image for the A2 is available at http://build.laptop.org/F12-arm/os3/.

Installing from Open Firmware

Note that a problem with the USB Hub causes problems with the fs-update command when a USB key is used as the source (ticket 10632)

You will need the .zd version of the OS image. Download it, then:

  1. Place the image on an SD card, and insert it into the XO-1.75 laptop's external SD slot.
  2. Get the Ok prompt,
  3. Install onto the internal SD card, type:
fs-update ext:\os3.zd

Installing from Linux using an XO-1.5

To install on an XO-1.5, boot an XO-1.5 to Linux, insert the SD card in the XO-1.5 external slot, then: 

zcat os3.img.gz > /dev/mmcblk1

... and then power down, remove the SD card, and insert it in the XO-1.75.

Installing from Open Firmware using an XO-1.5

You will need the .zd version of the OS image. Download it, then:

  1. Place the image on a USB stick, and insert it into the XO-1.5 laptop's USB port.
  2. Get the Ok prompt,
  3. To install onto the internal SD card, type:
fs-update u:\os1.zd

To install an image onto the external SD card, you need to type: 

devalias fsdisk ext:0
fs-update u:\os1.zd

... and then power down, remove the SD card, and insert it in the XO-1.75.

Restrictions

There is a list of recommended modifications (ECOs).

Mitch at A2 bringup

WLAN card

XO-1.75 require the new, +1.8V tolerant, WLAN card. Do not place the WLAN card from an pre-production or early production XO-1.5 in an XO-1.75! It will release its smoke and stop working.

The WLAN card used for XO-1.5 production since Sept. 2010 is a +1.8V tolerant WLAN card. We have a supply of these at 1CC for prototypes.

Kernel Crash during boot

A persistant problem with the XO-1.75 OS builds is that the presence of an SD card in the external SD slot when the system is booting from the internal SD or the eMMC will cause the kernel to crash as it can't find the root device (<trac>10550</trac> & <trac>10610</trac>). The solution is simply to remove the card from the external SD slot until Linux has booted.

If you see this problem and there is no card present in the external SD slot, please log it as an instance of <trac>10611</trac>.

Selecting the internal SD

Only one of the internal SD slot and the eMMC may be used at any time. Which will be used is selected by a jumper (R342). By default, the eMMC device is selected.

Most laptops have an ECO which allows automatic SD card selection. This is indicated by a blue wire which ties R342 to pin 10 of the internal SD slot. If an internal SD card is present on these laptops, it will be used. If no card is inserted in the internal SD slot, the onboard eMMC will be used.

If R342 is shorted (or R341 is depopulated and R342 populated), the internal SD card is selected. If R342 is depopulated, the eMMC device is selected.

ISP of OFW SPI Flash

The connector for in-circuit programming of the OFW SPI Flash has MOSI and MISO swapped. If you are trying to in-circuit program this part, MOSI should go to J2 pin 1, and MISO should go to J2 pin 4.

Blinking Battery/Power lights

If, immediately after an EC firmware upgrade, you start seeing the battery/power light constantly cycle on and off, you probably need to clear the "Restore" jumper on the EC. This jumper is an unpopulated power resistor, R339, on the bottom side right above the EC. On many boards, it is shorted with solder due to us forgetting to reserve the solder paste there. Clean the solder off and the board should boot fine.

Using USB in OFW (fixed)

Open Firmware versions prior to Q4A13 only see USB devices if they are plugged in when the motherboard is turned on. If they are inserted after it been powered on, OFW will not detect them. A corollary to this is that removing a USB device after the laptop has been turned on, but before Linux boots, will terminally confuse OFW.

No Touchpad (fixed)

EC versions earlier than cl2-4.0.0.6 do not properly support the touchpad. Please upgrade to the latest version!

Documentation

Supporting documentation for these boards (all in PDF):

Please note that production boards will likely have different pin mappings and connector locations.

Followed by

Preceded by

Changes

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